scholarly journals Edible brown seaweeds: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Asanka Sanjeewa ◽  
You-Jin Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Seaweeds play a vital role as a source of food and ingredients in traditional Korean medicine. Koreans consume seaweed as fresh vegetables, salad, soups, or snacks. There are several edible brown seaweed species are abundant along the shores of the Korean peninsula, such as Ecklonia cava, Hizikia fusiforme, Laminaria japonica, Pelvetia siliquosa, Sargassum fulvellum, and Undaria pinnatifida. With the growing body of scientific evidence, it is clear that these brown seaweeds are not only good substitutes for land vegetables but also a good source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The secondary metabolites identified from edible Korean brown seaweeds (phlorotannins, sulfated polysaccharides, pigments, and sterols) have the potential to be developed as functional food ingredients. However, seaweeds consumption and their industrial level applications as functional materials are limited compared to the land vegetables. Insufficient awareness about health benefits of seaweeds might be the reason for this issue. Thus, in this review health promotion properties associated with edible Korean brown seaweeds are summarized. The present study might therefore increase consumption and industrial use of brown seaweeds.

scholarly journals Sulfated polysaccharides of brown seaweeds - ligands of toll-like receptors

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.D. Makarenkova ◽  
D.Y. Logunov ◽  
A.I. Tukhvatulin ◽  
I.B. Semenova ◽  
T.N. Zvyagintseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Activation Of Transcription ◽  
Genetically Determined

The interaction of sulfated polysaccharides - fucoidans from brown seaweeds Laminaria japonica, Laminaria cichorioides and Fucus evanescens with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed on membranes of embryonic human kidney epithelial cells (HEK293-null, HEK293-TLR2/CD14, HEK293-hTLR4/CD14-MD2 and HEK293-hTLR2/6) was investigated. In vitro fucoidans specifically interacted with ТLR-2, ТLR-4, and the heterodimer ТLR-2/6 resultated in activation of transcription nuclear factor NF-κB. Analysis of composition the hydrolyzed fucoidan from F. evanescens was carried out by gas-liquid chromatography and chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results indicated the absence of 3-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (3-OHC14), the basic component of lipopolysaccharides in the preparation. Thus, the obtained results suggested that fucoidans from brown seaweeds possessing immunotropic activity are independent ligands for TLRs, and are able to induce genetically determined biochemical processes of protection organisms against pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Effect of sulfated polysaccharides from brown seaweed laminaria japonica on the morfology of lymfoid organs and functional characteristics of immunocompetent cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Lebedynskaya ◽  
I.D. Makarenkova ◽  
O.V. Lebedynskaya ◽  
N.K. Akhmatova ◽  
T.N. Zvyagintseva
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Th 1

The effect of sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan from the brown alga Laminaria japonica on morphological characteristics of mouse lymphoid organs, subpopulations of spleen mononuclear leukocytes, cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of splenocytes has been investigated. Fucoidan promoted activation and proliferation of lymphoid hematopoietic cells in primary and secondary immunogenesis bodies, increased expression of markers CD19, NK, NKT, CD25, MHC II, TCR, TLR2 and TLR4, the cytotoxic activity of splenocytes and production of immunoregulatory and proinflammatory cytokines (IL- 2, IL-12, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-6). This suggests activation of effector mechanisms of innate immunity and adaptive immune responses via the Th-1 type.

The Therapeutic and Diagnostic Value of Fluorine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Isma Attique ◽  
Shabbir Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Amjad ◽  
Khalida Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Malignant Growth ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Active Nucleus ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
Tracer Atom

Fluorine has a useful positron transmitting isotope and it enjoys broad application in the medical field. It is utilized in fluorinated agents,therapeutic sciences and steroid field. Fluorine incorporation viafluoroalkylation is a useful approach in the development of new functional materials and in drug design. Fluorine also plays its role as an anticancer agent and is a successful chemotherapeutic agent for certain sorts of malignant growth. 5-fluorouracil plays a vital role in the treatment of cancer. 18 Facts as a radio label tracer atom in PET imaging. 19 F has the second most sensitive and stable NMR-active nucleus.

scholarly journals Xanthophylls from the Sea: Algae as Source of Bioactive Carotenoids

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Antia G. Pereira ◽  
Paz Otero ◽  
Javier Echave ◽  
Anxo Carreira-Casais ◽  
Franklin Chamorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Chlorella Zofingiensis ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Large Groups

Algae are considered pigment-producing organisms. The function of these compounds in algae is to carry out photosynthesis. They have a great variety of pigments, which can be classified into three large groups: chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilins. Within the carotenoids are xanthophylls. Xanthophylls (fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin) are a type of carotenoids with anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities, due to their chemical structure rich in double bonds that provides them with antioxidant properties. In this context, xanthophylls can protect other molecules from oxidative stress by turning off singlet oxygen damage through various mechanisms. Based on clinical studies, this review shows the available information concerning the bioactivity and biological effects of the main xanthophylls present in algae. In addition, the algae with the highest production rate of the different compounds of interest were studied. It was observed that fucoxanthin is obtained mainly from the brown seaweeds Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum spp., and Fucus spp. The main sources of astaxanthin are the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella zofingiensis, and Chlorococcum sp. Lutein and zeaxanthin are mainly found in algal species such as Scenedesmus spp., Chlorella spp., Rhodophyta spp., or Spirulina spp. However, the extraction and purification processes of xanthophylls from algae need to be standardized to facilitate their commercialization. Finally, we assessed factors that determine the bioavailability and bioaccesibility of these molecules. We also suggested techniques that increase xanthophyll’s bioavailability.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides Isolated from the Edible Brown Seaweed, Sargassum fulvellum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Hye-Won Yang ◽  
Ginnae Ahn ◽  
Xiaoting Fu ◽  
Jiachao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Sargassum Fulvellum ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fulvellum (SFPS) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results indicated that SFPS improved the viability of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 80.02 to 86.80, 90.09, and 94.62% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. Also, SFPS remarkably and concentration-dependently decreased the production levels of inflammatory molecules including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, SFPS significantly inhibited the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo test results indicated that SFPS improved the survival rate of LPS-treated zebrafish from 53.33 to 56.67, 60.00, and 70.00% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, SFPS effectively reduced cell death, reactive oxygen species, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results suggested that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as an ingredient to develop anti-inflammatory agents in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Soft Coral Genus Sinularia since 2013

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Xia Yan ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xue Leng ◽  
Han Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Coral Genus

Sinularia is one of the conspicuous soft coral species widely distributed in the world’s oceans at a depth of about 12 m. Secondary metabolites from the genus Sinularia show great chemical diversity. More than 700 secondary metabolites have been reported to date, including terpenoids, norterpenoids, steroids/steroidal glycosides, and other types. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities. There were detailed reviews on the terpenoids from Sinularia in 2013, and now, it still plays a vital role in the innovation of lead compounds for drug development. The structures, names, and pharmacological activities of compounds isolated from the genus Sinularia from 2013 to March 2021 are summarized in this review.

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy of Brown Seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in the Prevention or Delay Progression of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Trials

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Enver Keleszade ◽  
Michael Patterson ◽  
Steven Trangmar ◽  
Kieran J. Guinan ◽  
Adele Costabile
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
World Population ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global public health problem affecting nearly 25.9% of the world population characterised by a cluster of disorders dominated by abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL-cholesterol. In recent years, marine organisms, especially seaweeds, have been highlighted as potential natural sources of bioactive compounds and useful metabolites, with many biological and physiological activities to be used in functional foods or in human nutraceuticals for the management of MetS and related disorders. Of the three groups of seaweeds, brown seaweeds are known to contain more bioactive components than either red and green seaweeds. Among the different brown seaweed species, Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus have the highest antioxidant values and highest total phenolic content. However, the evidence base relies mainly on cell line and small animal models, with few studies to date involving humans. This review intends to provide an overview of the potential of brown seaweed extracts Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus for the management and prevention of MetS and related conditions, based on the available evidence obtained from clinical trials.

scholarly journals Probiotic: An Uprising Human Health Concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amishi Bhatt ◽  
Dhyey Kothari ◽  
Charmy Kothari ◽  
Ramesh Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Most of our gut microbiota live with us in a mutually beneficial life-long relationship. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the host’s overall health through its metabolic activities. Human microbiota might be supported by consuming friendly bacteria (probiotics) and consuming foods to improve the microbiota (prebiotics). During the last two decades, probiotics’ interest has increased with rising scientific shreds of evidence of benefits on human health. Hence, they have been exploited as various food products, mainly fermented foods. Probiotics as a treatment modality may restore normal microbiota and functioning of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Strong scientific evidence is associating these bacteria with the prevention and therapy of various GI disorders. (In light of the ongoing trend of probiotics, further research is needed to obtain the perspective of potential applications for better health. Probiotic applications have been extended from health applications to food and agricultural applications. The benefits of probiotics led to its applications in probiotic ‘health food’ industries and agricultural sectors.

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