scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF EXTERNAL WALL INSULATION IN PRIVATE BUILDINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-139
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Okunev
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Building Insulation ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Cost Parameters ◽  
The Cost

The paper deals with minimization of cost expenses on insulation and operation of buildings. The thickness of thermal insulation of enclosure structures are calculated using the proposed quadratic equation with cost parameters, such as heat production, heat insulation, facades, heating system, and cost expenses. The dynamics of the consumer price index and the cost of energy carriers for the population are analyzed in order to obtain the necessary set of initial data. The study is conducted on the example of Moscow and the Moscow region. Newly erected buildings, both with single-layer and multi-layer walls are considered as well as the building insulation at a stage of repair or reconstruction. The obtained optimum values of the heat resistance vary several times, both significantly lower and higher than the standard values depending on the specific task.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN BIAYA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS: STUDI KASUS LOMBOK TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Andyka Kusuma ◽  
Tri Tjahjono ◽  
Nuzul Achjar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Potential Losses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Traffic accident cost analysis is needed to predict potential losses of nation due to the emergence of traffic accident victims. The cost of traffic accidents in Indonesia is based on the characteristics of the City of Bandung in 2003, and it is shown that the cost of traffic accidents can vary according to regional characteristics. This study tries to compare the analytical approach in Bandung in 2003 with the Consumer Price Index and Human Development Index approaches for an area with medium accessibility, namely East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The location of traffic accidents greatly influences the cost of traffic accidents, because the costs on inter-city roads are relatively higher compared to those on roads in the city. This study shows that the cost of traffic accidents is related to accessibility of health facilities. This analysis can be developed for all regions in Indonesia, so that it can be used as a reference for traffic stakeholders in assessing the performance of the traffic safety programs implemented. Analisis biaya kecelakaan lalu lintas diperlukan untuk memprediksi potensi kerugian negara akibat timbulnya korban kecelakaan lalu lintas. Biaya kecelakaan lalu lintas di Indonesia dibangun berdasarkan karakteristik kota Bandung tahun 2003, dan diperlihatkan bahwa biaya kecelakaan lalu lintas dapat bervariasi sesuai dengan karakteristik wilayah. Penelitian ini mencoba membandingkan pendekatan analisis di Bandung tahun 2003 dengan pendekatan Indeks Harga Konsumen dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia untuk suatu wilayah dengan aksesibilitas menengah, yakni Lombok Timur, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Lokasi kecelakaan lalu lintas sangat mempengaruhi biaya kecelakaan lalu lintas, karena biaya di jalan antar kota relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan biaya di jalan dalam kota. Penelitian ini meperlihatkan bahwa biaya kecelakaan lalu lintas terkait dengan aksesibilitas fasilitas kesehatan. Analisis ini dapat dikembangkan untuk semua wilayah di Indonesia, sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan bagi pemangku kepentingan lalu lintas dalam menilai kinerja program keselamatan lalu lintas yang dijalankan.

scholarly journals The Impact of Housing Density on Site Development Costs

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274
Author(s):  
Leslie E. Small ◽  
Donn A. Derr
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Housing Density ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Past ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

During the past decade, the cost of constructing new homes has risen dramatically. While the overall consumer price index rose by 74 percent between 1967 and the end of 1976, the cost of constructing new housing rose by about 103 percent nationally. This trend in costs has priced a growing proportion of lower and middle income groups out of the market for new houses. The national average price for new housing is currently $52,000 per unit. This has led to expressions of public concern that efforts need to be undertaken to find ways by which these low and middle income groups can obtain access to new housing.

scholarly journals Breast-Feeding Decline despite Deteriorating Socio-Economic Conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Bendley Melville
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The impact of deteriorating socio-economic conditions on breast-feeding duration in Jamaica is examined In spite of dramatic increases in the consumer price index for food and drink and consequently in the cost of artificial feeding, breast-feeding duration declined by 10.6% during 19871991. This was apparently due to a reduction in postpartum visits by district midwives. It is concluded that breast-feeding promotion should receive increased support under conditions of severe economic hardship.

scholarly journals The Consumer Price Index

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
James Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Base Period ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Living Index ◽  
Made In

Summary A brief study of the new index called Consumer Price Index (C .P. I.) which will replace the Cost of Living Index (C. L. I.). In order to make such a change, specialists were called in to work on this for nearly three years. During the survey begun in 1948, the most modern methods of sampling were used. Instead of 1935-1939, the base period chosen was 1949. In view of the increasing importance of the index in the labour world, the author analyses briefly the changes made in the former index and emphasizes the problems involved in such a changeover.

The cost of hospital care for HIV patients in Colombia: an insurer’s perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 696-702
Author(s):  
Carlos A Álvarez-Moreno ◽  
Abel E González-Vélez ◽  
Claudia C Colmenares-Mejía ◽  
Karen L Rincón-Ramírez ◽  
Javier A García-Buitrago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Clinical Control ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost derived from the hospitalization of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Colombia between 2011 and 2015. This is an analysis of the direct cost of PLHIV hospitalization from the perspective of an insurer of the Colombian General Social Security System. The costs were calculated in Colombian pesos and corrected for inflation on the basis of the 2017 Consumer Price Index of the Bank of the Republic of Colombia. It was converted to US dollars at the Market Representative Exchange Rate of the same year. We analyzed 1129 hospitalizations in 612 PLHIV, of which 12% started with a diagnosis of HIV during the same hospitalization, with the majority in the AIDS stage (63%). The median overall cost of hospitalizations was US$1509 (25th and 75th percentiles: US$711–US$3254), being even higher in patients with AIDS and as the CD4 T lymphocyte count decreased. The cost derived from the medical care of PLHIV increases as the clinical control of the disease worsens, and it is a key indicator of the impact of the strategies implemented for the timely identification of the infection and subsequent management of the disease.

Statisical Analysis Between Government Wage Policy on Minimum Wage Saga in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Okeke Charles C.
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Wage Policy ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost

Some methods used to analysis between government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria were considered. Descriptive Statistics, The Ordinary Least Square technique; Correlation Analysis tools were employed to ascertain the significant difference between government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Data were collected for period 1974 – 2000.Our results shows that year of review is negatively and significant on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Consumer Price Index is negatively and significant on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria. Also, there is a perfect negative association on year of review between real minimum wage on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant, with a perfect positive association year of review between consumer price index on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant and there is a negative moderate association on real minimum wage between consumer price index on government wage policy on minimum wage saga in Nigeria and it is significant. This study therefore recommends that government should reduce the cost of governance and improve the living standard of workers by fixing a better wage. Finally, diversifying the Nigeria economy is necessary for states to enhance their internally generated revenue and step into creation of employment opportunities and better pay package.

Owner-Occupied Housing, the Cpi, and Indexing

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn R. Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Conceptual Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rental Value

The Consumer Price Index is widely used as a basis for adjusting money incomes in both the private and the public sector. Problems in measuring the cost of owner-occupied housing have contributed to serious deficiences in the accuracy of the CPI's measurement of price level change. A shift to imputed rental value has improved the measure but still ignores a serious conceptual issue. The problem is examined in this article.

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CPI AND PPI: EVIDENCE FROM THE UK, FRANCE AND GERMANY

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (05) ◽  
pp. 1081-1100
Author(s):  
KAI-YIN WOO ◽  
SHU-KAM LEE ◽  
CHO-YIU JOE NG
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Threshold Autoregressive ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Vector Error Correction Models ◽  
The Cost

This paper examines the dynamic relationship between the consumer price index (CPI) and the producer price index (PPI) in the UK, France and Germany from 1997 to 2013. We employ the momentum-threshold autoregressive (MTAR) cointegration model for empirical analysis. The results show that the CPI and the PPI are cointegrated with bi-directional long-run Granger causality between CPI and PPI, signifying the existence of both demand-pull and the cost-push nature of inflation. The estimates of threshold vector error correction models (TVECMs) indicate asymmetric adjustments to equilibrium, where upward adjustments are statistically significant but downward adjustments are sluggish and insignificant. Moreover, we generate the unconditional half-life estimates as a measure of persistence, which reveal robust evidence of complex non-linearities in the adjustment process. Our overall results provide valuable information for policymakers to formulate inflation-control policies and optimal policy horizons under a non-linear framework.

scholarly journals Impact of Electric Power Pricing Reforms on the Japan’s Industry and Household Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Woojong Jung
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Business Services ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

<p align="justify">After the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, Japan had an opportunity to advance its economic and energy policies to pursue stable energy supply, economic efficiency, environmental security, and safety. The accident not only raised concerns regarding the safety of nuclear power plants but also increased awareness regarding the effect of energy import growth on the economy and related issues such as the effect of imports on Japan’s international competitiveness. This study simulates the impact on electricity prices using three potential scenarios for Japan. According to the results, the consumer price index (CPI) was larger than the corporate goods price index (CGPI) for Japan in all cases. In the simulation results, the CPI was observed to have an increased effect of 0.88%–3.59% against a 0.84%–3.41% increase in the CGPI. The surge in electricity prices significantly impacted the supply of electricity, gas, and heating and also the business services sector. The cost of policies that maintain safety, the increase in costs resulting from the overseas importation of fossil fuels, and the cost of promoting renewable energy in conjunction with the reutilization of nuclear power plants leading to higher electricity prices will also be considered in the future.</p>

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