scholarly journals Quarantine and particularly dangerous bacteria, phytoplasmas and viruses that pose a risk to the viticulture in Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Shneyder ◽  
E. V. Karimova ◽  
Yu. A. Shneyder ◽  
Yu. N. Prikhodko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
Russian Plant ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Xylophilus Ampelinus

The Russian Federation imports large quantities of planting and grafting material of grapes, including from countries where dangerous harmful organisms are spread to vineyards. Plant protection specialists in this industry, as well as grape producers, must understand the possible risk associated with the danger of the entry of quarantine disease pathogens into the Russian Federation and the potential damage if infected plant material is imported. Studies have been carried out by the staff of All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center to assess the phytosanitary risk of pests associated with the import of seedlings, stocks and grape cuttings. Based on these studies, the list of pests for the vine that have quarantine status and potentially quarantine status for the Russian Federation, in particular bacterioses, phytoplasmas and viral diseases has been established. This article describes the main diseases that affect grapes and are included in the Unified List of Quarantine Pests of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as potentially dangerous viral diseases that are not currently included, but planned for inclusion in the Unified List, which pose a serious threat if they penetrate to the territory of the Russian Federation. From quarantine pathogens, grapes are affected by grape bacteriosis (Pierce disease of grapevine) (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.), bacterial blight of grapevine (Xylophilus ampelinus (Panagopoulos) Willems et al.), Flavescence dorée of grapevine (Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis), from the planned inclusion grapes are affected by red spotting of grape leaves (Grapevine red blotch-associated virus), marbling of grape leaves (Grapevine vein clearing virus) and discoloration of the leaves of Roditis grape (Grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus). The article considers the biological peculiarities of pathogens, ways of their possible penetration and spread on the territory of the cultivation of grape in the Russian Federation, host plants of quarantine and dangerous pests, the main symptoms of diseases on plants, possible vectors, damage caused by quarantine pests in the countries of spreading, diagnostic methods, as well as areas of possible harmfulness for the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori as a risk factor for gastric cancer: the evidence and primary prevention strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Voynovan ◽  
Yu. V. Embutnieks ◽  
D. V. Mareeva ◽  
S. V. Kolbasnikov ◽  
D. S. Bordin
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
First Line ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
The Russian Federation

Russia is a country with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, a high incidence of gastric cancer, and its late diagnosis. HР infection has been recognized as the leading manageable risk factor for gastric cancer. Accurate diagnostic tests must be used to identify and control the effectiveness of HP eradication, and effective schemes must be implemented for HP eradication. The aim of this article was to analyze the latest consensus documents, systematic reviews and meta-analyzes that reflected the role of HP as a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer, as well as measures for the risk reduction. We describe in detail the diagnostic methods for HP infection, provide data on their use in the Russian Federation, and analyze the efficacy of eradication regimens. In all HPinfected individuals, HP leads to chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa and launches a precancerous cascade (Correa's cascade). The risk of gastric cancer increases with severe atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Primary prevention of gastric cancer is most effective if the eradication is performed before atrophic gastritis develops. The available consensus documents underline the importance of HP infection identification by accurate diagnostics at this stage of chronic gastritis. In Russia, the primary HP diagnosis is based on histology (37.7%), rapid urease test (29.2%), and serology (29.7%). HP stool antigen test (31.3%), 13C-urea breath test (23.4%) and the histological method (23.3%) are most often used to control eradication. Currently, the first line of eradication therapy is recommended as triple therapy with clarithromycin prescribed for 14 days. It is recommended to use double dose of proton pump inhibitors and bismuth to increase the effectiveness of this scheme. A 14-days triple regimen enhanced by bismuth has been recommended as the first-line therapy in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The role of insects in the spreading of pathogens and development of diseases on sunflower in the Krasnodar region of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02025
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Sergey Frolov ◽  
Irina Frolova ◽  
Olga Shabaldas ◽  
Maria Chernikova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Phytopathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Plant Protection System

The insects play a major role in the spreading of pathogens and the development of diseases on sunflower in the Krasnodar region of the Russian Federation. We established connections between the most common insects and phytopathogenic microorganisms. The main components of an integrated plant protection system are considered. When deciding on the usage of insecticides it is necessary to take into account not only direct, but also indirect insect damage (the development of plant diseases after damage, and as a result, a yield decrease, contamination of food and feed with dangerous mycotoxins).

scholarly journals The need to create and implement a platform for managing the professioyal reliability of military personnel of the armed forces of the russian federation, based on the principles of personalizet medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Gennadiy G. Kutelev ◽  
Dmitry V. Cherkashin ◽  
Trishkin V. Trishkin ◽  
Evgeny V. Kryukov ◽  
Alexander Y. Fisun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Reliability Management ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article analyzes modern federal programs aimed at preserving the health and well-being of the population and creating a comfortable and safe environment for life and work. The article describes the arsenal of strategic directions for assessing the risk of developing diseases, diagnostic approaches and scientific principles that contribute to the successful implementation of evaluation measures. The possibility of clarifying the cardiovascular risk in the study of the role of military-professional factors in the formation of cardiovascular pathology in military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is discussed. The article analyzes the effectiveness of traditional diagnostic methods used by the medical service, as well as ways to improve this efficiency when using molecular genetic studies to search for associations with risk factors for neuropsychic and cardiovascular pathology. The article considers the practical necessity of creating a professional reliability management platform based on the principles of personalized medicine, which contributes to prolonging professional longevity and improving the combat readiness of servicemen of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Such a method of implementing the professional reliability management platform will significantly increase the informativeness of traditional methods of early diagnosis of cardiovascular and neuropsychic pathology.

VARROSIS OF BEES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF HEALING APIARY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Isaev ◽  
◽  
A.N. Sotnikov ◽  
M.I. Gulyukin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
First Year ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
In Vivo Diagnostics ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Bee Colonies

Live bees and queens are not tested for viral diseases of bees either in the countries of the European Union or in the Russian Federation. In the Russian Federation, viral diseases (sacbrood, acute and chronic paralysis) are quarantined, causing significant damage due to the death of bees in the fall and in the first half of the winter. Based on the data obtained in our study, currently the trade in cellular packages is carried out by sick bees. The death rate of such imported bees in the first year is up to 80%. The article discusses the health of bees purchased by beekeepers in the form of cellular packages from other regions, including from other states, and also provides recommendations for preventing the introduction of certain quarantine diseases of bees with relocated bee colonies. Trade in live bees during cross-border movement should be carried out healthy from quarantine diseases, using in vivo diagnostics in cell-free packages.

scholarly journals Readiness of teachers for inclusive education of children with disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Natalia Pershina ◽  
Marina Shamardina ◽  
Natalia Luzhbina
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Personal Approach ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The research problem is a contradiction between the importance and necessity of implementing the ideas of inclusive education on the territory of the Russian Federation and the creation of favorable conditions for the development and education of children with special educational needs, as well as the insufficient level of readiness of the teachers themselves (one of the main subjects of education) to work in this system. The authors of the article propose a new organizational and personal approach to studying the teachers’ readiness for inclusive education of children with disabilities. The authors’ structure of the teacher’s readiness for the development and implementation of inclusive education in children with disabilities is presented. The practical value of this article is the developed diagnostic methods: “Psychological readiness for inclusive education” and “Assessing the formation of an inclusive culture in educational organizations” and a description of the content components of teachers’ readiness for inclusive education.

scholarly journals Potential damage from severe and adverse weather events in the Russian Federation: regional features

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
V.V. Oganesyan ◽  
◽  
А.M. Sterin ◽  
L.N. Vorobyova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Using Data

Based on the method and statistical model of the Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia (V. V. Oganesyan) and using data of meteorological observations at more than 1400 stations in Russia, a centralized assessment of potential damage from the main types of severe and adverse weather events is made in monetary terms both throughout Russia and on the territories of individual Regional Offices of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation. To provide comparability of the results for different years, monetary estimates for Russia and its individual territories are reduced to the benchmark price level of 2017. For 2017, the integral estimate of potential damage for Russia is compared with the estimate of damage from severe and adverse weather events as a share of the country’s annual GDP. In this case, the difference in the above estimates does not exceed 5.4%. Keywords: potential damage, severe and adverse weather events, statistical model, monetary assessment, macroeconomic estimates, gross domestic product, economic sector

scholarly journals Modern Stage of Development of the Epidemiological Surveillance and Prospects of its Improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents historical aspects of the development of epidemiological surveillance in the world and in the Russian Federation. The contribution of outstanding researchers to the development of theoretical bases for epidemiological surveillance of infectious and parasitic diseases is shown. The directions of improving epidemiological surveillance in modern conditions are considered in connection with the trends in the development of the epidemic situation, the emergence of «new» and the return of «old» infections, the rapid development of means and diagnostic methods, as well as taking into account the existing limitations.

scholarly journals Multi-Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis – the Problem of Modern Phthisiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Zorkaltseva ◽  
O. A. Vorobyeva ◽  
E. D. Savilov ◽  
O. B. Ogarkov
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The 21st century is characterized by the exacerbation of the problem formation and spreading of drug-resistant strains throughout the world. Genetic mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lead to the formation of drug-resistant forms because of long-term use of anti-tuberculosis drugs. The Russian Federation is among the top three countries with a high burden of tuberculosis with multidrug resistance (MDR). The estimated number of cases of tuberculosis with MDR in the Russian Federation was 60,000, which corresponds to half the burden of the European Region in 2015. In the Irkutsk region from 2014 till 2018 the proportion of TB cases with MDR cases increased from 15.2 % to 18.3 %. According to the reference laboratory of the Irkutsk Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Hospital, a significantly higher level of MDR among primary diagnosed was registered in the cities (27.7 %) and the lowest in rural areas of the region (16.5 %). Among the cohorts of patients with tuberculosis, the highest proportion of MDR was in the northern territories of the region (43.1 %), in Irkutsk district (41.2 %) and in large cities, including Irkutsk (38.5 %). Positive correlations were established between cohort of primary diagnosed TB with MDR and among populations in areas with high morbidity along the railway (r = 0.91; p = 0.00001), in the Irkutsk region (r = 0.89; p = 0,00008), and also in the Irkutsk city (r = 0.91; p = 0.00002). This is probably due to the influence of reservoir of tuberculosis infection formed in these localities. The regulatory documents of the Ministry of Health of the Irkutsk Region was developed on the basis of the data obtained, and they include recommendations for improving the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the region using fast and accelerated microbiological diagnostic methods.

Monitoring of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ and “flavescence dorée” phytoplasma in south regions of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Galina N. Bondarenko ◽  
Ida G. Bashkirova ◽  
Natalia V. Aleynikova ◽  
Yana E. Radionovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
The Russian Federation
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