scholarly journals Validation of 2 urine pH measuring techniques in a prepartum negative dietary cation-anion difference diet and the relationship with production performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.K. Fehlberg ◽  
A. Pineda ◽  
F.C. Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Production Performance ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

Genetic Profiling of PHKA2 Gene and its Association with Udder Type Traits in Indian Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oshin Togla ◽  
S.M. Deb ◽  
Sagar Kadyan ◽  
P.B. Nandhini ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Variable Region ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Genetic Profiling ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phka2 Gene

Background: The experiment aimed to investigate polymorphisms in exon 2 of the PHKA2 gene and investigate the relationship between identified single nucleotide polymorphism and udder type traits in Sahiwal cows. Udder morphometry is being used as a forecaster of production performance in cows since older times. Finding the variants associated with these traits in largely variable region of PHKA2 gene can prove to be highly beneficial. Methods: DNA isolated from Sahiwal cows was analysed by DNA sequencing. Nine udder type and five teat types were measured for each animal according to procedure followed by International committee of animal recording (2012). Result: Three SNPs g.124497381C greater than T, X:124497248 G greater than A and X:124497189 C greater than T were identified. Recessive homozygotes were negligible as mutant allele exhibited very low ranging frequency (from 0.02 to 0.08) for the targeted loci. Identified point mutation g.124497381C greater than T was found to be significantly (p less than 0.05) associated with distance between teats and central ligament, SNP X: 124497248G greater than A with rear udder width, fore udder attachment, udder depth, udder length and teat length (p less than 0.05) and SNP X: 124497189 C greater than T with udder length and rear udder height (p less than 0.05). Interaction of identified SNPs and udder traits highlighted the gene’s potential as a candidate gene for selecting for conformation traits in Indian Sahiwal cattle.

Song, Confession, and Criminality: Trial Records as Sources for Popular Musical Culture in Early Modern Europe

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
City Government ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, the city government of Augsburg, Germany, struggled to maintain religious peace as the confessional boundaries between its Catholic and Protestant communities hardened. As tensions gradually rose, city officials feared and scrutinized the disruptive potential of the psalms and chorales sung by Augsburg's Protestant majority. Those suspected of owning, singing, or distributing inflammatory songs were subject to imprisonment, interrogation, torture, and exile. When an Imperial decree established a fully Catholic city government in March 1629, the authorities tightened this scrutiny, banning Protestant singing entirely in public and private and using a network of informants to catch violators. A remarkably well-preserved collection of criminal interrogation records in Augsburg dramatizes city officials' concern about religious song and their attempts to restrict its cultivation through coercive measures. These records, which preserve the testimony of suspects and witnesses as well as original evidence (such as manuscript or printed songs), show the ways in which local authorities tried to control singing that they felt threatened the public peace. At the same time, these sources give us unparalleled insight into the production, performance, and circulation of religious songs. Although the interrogations reveal much about how and where songs——often contrafacta of well-known psalms or chorales——were written and performed, the authorities were especially intent on finding out how they originated, who bought, sold, and sang them, and why. These exchanges between interrogators and suspects provide a starting point for an analysis of the relationship between singing, religion, and criminality in an early modern urban environment.

Effect of rapid and transitory changes in blood and urine pH on NH4 excretion

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence P. Sullivan ◽  
Michael McVaugh
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Excretion ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Osmotic Diuresis ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
The Difference ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Chinard technique of close arterial injection has been adapted to permit a closer study of the relationship of pH to ammonium excretion. NaHCO3, Na4Fe(CN)6, HCl, and creatinine hydrochloride solutions were injected into a renal artery of a dog undergoing osmotic diuresis while 15-sec serial urine and renal venous blood samples were being collected. Because of the difference in transit time between blood and urine the effect of the alteration in blood pH upon ammonium excretion could be seen before the filtered portion of the injection reached the urine. Thus NaHCO3 in the blood raised urine ammonium concentration while urine pH remained relatively constant. Later as NaHCO3 appeared in the urine, pH rose and urine ammonium concentration fell. Na4Fe(CN)6, which decreased blood pH, produced opposite effects. HCl and creatinine hydrochloride caused an immediate fall in both urine pH and ammonium concentration which persisted during the appearance of the injection in the urine. The results of these experiments are interpreted in terms of the theory of nonionic diffusion.

Curie temperature variations in synthetic titanomagnetite single crystals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie-Charlotte Lappe ◽  
Georg Winkens ◽  
Joerg Persson ◽  
Shibabrata Nandi ◽  
Oleg Petracic
Keyword(s):  
Curie Temperature ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

<p>Paleomagnetic measurements provide very important methods to study the evolution of and variations in the Earth’s magnetic field throughout time. A vital tool used in paleomagnetism are natural magnetic minerals, such as the titanomagnetite (<em>TM</em>) solid solution series (Fe<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub>Ti<em><sub>x</sub></em>O<sub>4</sub>, 0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 1). The main source of magnetic information in <em>TM</em>s is the thermal remanent magnetisation (<em>TRM</em>) they retain whilst being cooled below their Curie temperature (<em>T<sub>C</sub></em>) during their formation.</p><p>The key factor determining the <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>is the composition. However, recent studies on natural and synthetic TM powders [1,2,3] have shown that their <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>is also heavily influenced by their thermal history. Annealing various natural and synthetic <em>TM</em> powders at temperatures between 300°C and 425°C for timescales of hours to months resulted in changes in their <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>of up to 150°C.</p><p>The accuracy of many paleomagnetic measuring techniques, such as geomagnetic paleointensity estimates and paleomagnetic paleothermometry, depends on the exact knowledge of the Curie temperature. Changes in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>of such a considerable extend could deeply impact those techniques or even render them doubtable. So far, vacancy-mediated chemical clustering at the octahedral site of the <em>TM</em> structure has been postulated as the mechanism causing this phenomenon [2,3]. To further investigate the underlying processes, we synthesised a large (~6.5 mm diameter;  ~27 mm length) <em>TM</em> single crystal using an optical floating zone furnace. Via SEM-EDX techniques it was established that the crystal was homogenous over its whole length with a composition of  Fe<sub>2.64</sub>Ti<sub>0.36</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Using a Physical Properties Measurement System (<em>PPMS</em>) the Curie temperatures of several pieces of the crystal were determined after different annealing treatments. For the first time it has been possible to detect systematic changes in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>with annealing in a <em>TM</em> single crystal.</p><p>Additionally within the scope of this project it was possible to determine the relationship between the extend of change in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>and the microstructure for polycrystalline samples.</p><p> </p><p>[1] Bowles, J. A., Jackson, M. J., Berquó, T. S., Solheid, P. A. and Gee, J. S. (2013), Nature Communications, 4, 1916. https://doi:10.1038/ncomms2938</p><p>[2] Jackson, M. J., and Bowles, J. A. (2018), J. Geophys. Res., 123, 1-20. https://doi:10.1002/2017JB015193</p><p>[3] Bowles, J. A., Lappe, S.‐C. L. L., Jackson, M. J., Arenholz, E., & van der Laan, G. (2019). Geochem. Geophy. Geosy. 20. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008217</p>

Production, behaviour and welfare of growing pigs as influenced by drinker allocation and group size

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 114-114
Author(s):  
S. P. Turner ◽  
S. A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Commercial Grower ◽  
Heavy Medium ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
The Relationship

The requirement for water of growing pigs in large groups has been neglected. Current MAFF recommendations suggest one nipple drinker per 10 pigs, while farmers have often used a ratio of 1 per 20 animals. Neither approach is based on empirical investigation. The relationship between group size and the number of drinking points can not be assumed to be linear. The aim was to assess group size and the two conflicting ratios of drinkers for their effect on welfare, as measured by production performance, drinking and social behaviour.A total of 640 Large White x Landrace growing pigs (start weight 36kg) were housed in a fully slatted commercial grower house for five weeks. Four replicates were used and each animal was assigned to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial design of two group sizes (20 vs 60) and two ratios of nipple drinkers to pigs (1:10 vs 1:20). The groups of 20 comprised of pigs from 3 different pens, while 9 pens contributed to the groups of 60. The floor space per pig was maintained constant across treatments. Nine focal pigs (three each of heavy, medium and light weight) were selected from each pen.

Dialectical Collaborative Theatre: Practising equality by facilitating non-material ideology in the production process

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Ronan
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Research Production ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship between ethics and ideology and how this relationship forms the basis of the practice of BloodWater Theatre, a collective I formed to explore equality in collaborative theatre-making. I highlight the prevalence of inequality, even in oppositional theatre, and argue for Dialectical Collaborative Theatre (DCT), a research/production/performance methodology I developed to interrupt hegemonic collaborative theatre practice. I discuss the development of DCT, derived from Marx’s theory of ‘capital’ and ‘cooperation’, analysing BloodWater Theatre’s practical exploration of the tensions between performance as product and as process. I propose a rethinking of the enduring association of ‘utility’ with capitalist objectives of productivity and profit, proposing instead Bentham’s ethical formulations of utility. I argue that the relationship between material and non-material ideology should be explored, to facilitate utopian ideals and reposition ethics in collaborative theatre practice today.

scholarly journals The impact of financial leverage on farm technical efficiency during periods of price instability

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yiorgos Gadanakis ◽  
Gianluca Stefani ◽  
Ginerva Virginia Lombardi ◽  
Marco Tiberti
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
High Price ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Price Instability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on the relationship between capital structure and technical efficiency (TE) for Italian cereal farms during the 2008–2014 period. Emphasis is given in the understanding of the relationship between the level of financial leverage for cereal farms and their production performance. Design/methodology/approach The methods employed in this research article are based on non-parametric techniques in order to derive TE estimates for a sample of Italian cereal farms based on available Farm Accountancy Data Network data to explore in depth the relationship amongst the financial exposure of the sector and the capacity to utilise an efficient and effective production technology. Furthermore, subsidies are considered in the model as a non-discretionary variable and therefore, as an input that farmers cannot directly influence within the production function. Hence, the non-discretionary Data Envelopment Analysis model is a more appropriate framework since it is not penalising farms at a lower level of Pillar I payments when benchmarked with farms that receive a higher level of payments. Findings The results show that significant improvements could be achieved for most of the farms in the sample by improving production and management practices. Furthermore, results provide an empirical support of the adjustment theory by showing a negative impact of debt to asset ratio to TE. Originality/value This research article provides a first insight on the evolution of the Italian cereal farms debt-TE relationship in periods where high price instability has been observed.

scholarly journals Relationships between Serum Levels of Atazanavir and Renal Toxicity or Lithiasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Marinescu ◽  
M. Leyes ◽  
M. A. Ribas ◽  
M. Peñaranda ◽  
J. Murillas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Palma De Mallorca ◽  
The Relationship

The main aim of this study is to describe the relationship between serum levels of atazanavir, renal toxicity, and lithiasis. This is a prospective observational study of patients being treated with atazanavir (ATV) at Son Espases Teaching Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, between 2011 and 2013. The study includes 98 patients. Sixteen were found to have a history of urolithiasis. During a median monitoring period of 23 months, nine patients suffered renal colic, in three of whom ATV crystals were evidenced in urine. Cumulative incidence of renal colic was 9.2 per 100 patients. The variables related to having renal colic were the presence of alkaline urine pH and lower basal creatinine clearance. The mean serum level of ATV was slightly higher in patients with renal colic—1,303 μg/L versus 1,161 μg/L—but did not reach statistical significance. Neither were any significant differences detected by analysing the levels according to the timetable for ATV dosage. Cumulative incidence of renal colic was high in patients being treated with ATV, in 33% of whom the presence of ATV crystals was evidenced in urine. We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between ATV serum levels and renal colic or progression towards renal failure.

Application of strong ion difference theory to urine and the relationship between urine pH and net acid excretion in cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 915-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Constable ◽  
Carl-Christian Gelfert ◽  
Manfred Fürll ◽  
Rudolf Staufenbiel ◽  
Henry R. Stämpfli
Keyword(s):  
Strong Ion Difference ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Net Acid Excretion
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