scholarly journals Cost Effectiveness of Teachers Working at Government and Private Colleges

2018 ◽  
Vol III (II) ◽  
pp. 343-355
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan ◽  
Ghulam Qambar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Private College ◽  
Government College ◽  
College Teachers ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Universe

The paper analyses cost and effectiveness of academic staff working at government and private colleges district Bahawalpur. Therein, it focuses, (a) comparison of cost between private and Government Colleges, (b) finding the sector which readily adopts new trends in education through costeffectiveness, (c) evaluates the use of resources in government and private college in terms of quality efficacy, and (d) compare the achievement in education in government and private sector by utilizing cost-effectiveness analysis. Survey approach was used for data collection. So, two separate questionnaires were developed on a five point Likert scale. Cost and effectiveness in government and private college were then reviewed. The sample was selected from the universe of teachers and Parents of Bahawalpur district. Data were then analysed and presented through means and t-test. Major findings of the study indicated government college teachers’ salary fall between 50,000 to 100,000 and private college salary 20,000 to 50,0000. Majority of teachers in both sectors teach undergraduate and graduate level classes. Very few teachers teach higher level classes. Government college teachers show more flexibility in their behaviour as claimed by respondents, than their private counterparts. Private college did superior work in the category of ethic than Government College. It is observed that private college teachers encourage the students learning by doing in the classroom more than Government College.

scholarly journals Self-esteem in One’s Abilities: Evidence from Private Sector Educational Institutes

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Asim Sarwar ◽  
Ayesha Ateeq ◽  
Aamir Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Private College ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
The Self ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
College Teachers

The study aims to examine the self-esteem level of private college teachers (permanant or visitind) of district Faisalabad, Pakistan. To accomplish the purpose of the study 100 questionnaires were sent to 5 well known educational institutions of city Faisalabad, Pakistan. The result from the study indicates that symbolic varations are there in level of self-esteem between permamnant and visiting faculty members of the private colleges. This study also shown that the permamant faculty members have high self-esteem as compared to visiting faculty members. They scored more on satisfaction, ability to do things. 

scholarly journals Savings and Investment Pattern of Select Private College Teachers in Coimbatore District

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 611-613
Keyword(s):  
Private Colleges ◽  
Private School ◽  
Private College ◽  
College Teachers ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Investment Pattern ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Wide Range

The target of the investigation was to decide the Savings and Investment example of private school educators. Investment is a sort of action that is occupied with by the individuals who need to do Savings i.e., speculations are produced using their investment funds. A wide range of Investment alternatives are accessible that are bank, gold, land, post benefits, etc. Respondents are continually contributing their cash with various reason and destinations, for example, benefit, security, gratefulness, pay solidness. Utilizing interpretative methodology viz., destinations, test, investigate philosophy and consequences of the examination have been taken for further enquiry. The information was gathered through basic survey appropriated to 30 people groups working in private colleges in coimbatore. The gathered information has been investigated by utilization of the elucidation given.

scholarly journals Does Marketing Success Factors Influence Private College Admission? Evidence From Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Zalina Zainudin ◽  
Mohd Faiq Bin Abdul Fattah ◽  
Sheikh Muhamad Hizam Sheikh Khairudin
Keyword(s):  
Private Colleges ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
College Admission ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Private College ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Marketing Mix Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

Private colleges are predicted to be presented with many opportunities as well as challenges in the coming years. Admission pressures become one of the challenges face by most of Private Colleges in Malaysia. Lacking of marketing mix strategy are claimed to contribute to this admission pressure. This study was conducted firstly, to determine the relationship between marketing success factors (Price, Place, Product, Promotion, People, Process, Physical Evidence, Partnership, Publication and Conference, Presentation and Extracurricular Program) with the marketing mix strategy of private colleges. Secondly, to determine the relationship between Marketing Mix Strategy with Private College Admission. Similarly, in this study, these 11Ps are the success factors of private college marketing mix strategy in influencing student to study in private colleges. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is conducted to estimate the effects of the main construct on its subcontracts, exogeneous and endogenous variables and its significant relationship. The result found the factors with the highest percentage of variation in contributing to Marketing Mix Strategy are Promotion, Product, Place, Price, Process, Partnership, Presentation, People, Physical Evidence, Publication and Conference and lastly Extracurricular Program. Thus, concluding that 11Ps Marketing Mix Strategy has a significant relationship with Private College Admissions. National private colleges can create a strategy based on the marketing mix strategy in competing for students. The study area is Malaysia, and it was conducted over a sample of 366 executive and marketing officers as the respondents.

scholarly journals Clunkers or Junkers? Adverse Selection in a Vehicle Retirement Program

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Local Program ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Smog Check ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Vehicle Retirement

Vehicle retirement programs have become popular tools of public policy for reducing pollution. The efficacy of these programs is difficult to measure, as it is difficult to tell how much a vehicle would have polluted otherwise. I estimate that counterfactual using data from a long-running local program in California. I utilize the universe of emissions inspections from the California Smog Check Program to construct vehicle usage histories of retired cars and similar vehicles which did not retire early. I find that the program's cost-effectiveness steadily declined over time because of the depreciation of the vehicle fleet, while adverse selection remained a problem throughout. (JEL D82, Q53, Q58, R48)

scholarly journals How to assess the value of low-value care

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sacristán
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
True Value ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Many of the strategies designed to reduce “low-value care” have been implemented without a consensus on the definition of the term “value”. Most “low value care” lists are based on the comparative effectiveness of the interventions. Main text Defining the value of an intervention based on its effectiveness may generate an inefficient use of resources, as a very effective intervention is not necessarily an efficient intervention, and a low effective intervention is not always an inefficient intervention. The cost-effectiveness plane may help to differentiate between high and low value care interventions. Reducing low value care should include three complementary strategies: eliminating ineffective interventions that entail a cost; eliminating interventions whose cost is higher and whose effectiveness is lower than that of other options (quadrant IV); and eliminating interventions whose incremental or decremental cost-effectiveness is unacceptable in quadrants I and III, respectively. Defining low-value care according to the efficiency of the interventions, ideally at the level of subgroups and individuals, will contribute to develop true value-based health care systems. Conclusion Cost-effectiveness rather than effectiveness should be the main criterion to assess the value of health care services and interventions. Payment-for-value strategies should be based on the definition of high and low value provided by the cost-effectiveness plane.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce the risk of healthcare-acquired infections in middle-income countries: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Pushpa Udayangani Gamalathge ◽  
Sanjeewa Kularatna ◽  
Hannah E Carter ◽  
Sameera Senanayake ◽  
Nicholous Graves
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost

Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) contribute to prolonged hospital stays and account for a substantial economic burden to healthcare systems. Middle-income countries (MICs) experience a greater burden of HAI than developed countries. Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce HAI is required to inform decision-making in these settings. Aim: To synthesise the evidence on cost-effectiveness as related to HAI interventions in MICs and to assess the quality of this evidence. Methods: A systematic review of published literature on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce the incidence of HAI in MICs between 2000 and 2018 was conducted. Results: Six studies met the pre-determined inclusion criteria. The studies were from three countries: Thailand; India; and Vietnam. The evidence suggests that interventions to reduce HAI are cost-effective and, in most cases, cost-saving to healthcare systems. The quality of the reporting varied across studies. Conclusions: The implementation of HAI prevention interventions appears to be a high value use of resources in MICs. There is a need for further cost-effectiveness analyses in a wider range of MICs in order to confirm these findings. Improved standardisation and quality of reporting is required.

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF EXERCISE PROGRAMS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Coyle ◽  
Kathryn Coyle ◽  
Glen P. Kenny ◽  
Normand G. Boulé ◽  
George A. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Life Years

Background: A randomized controlled trial has shown that supervised, facility-based exercise training is effective in improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. However, these programs are associated with additional costs. This analysis assessed the cost-effectiveness of such programs.Methods: Analysis used data from the Diabetes Aerobic and Resistance Exercise (DARE) clinical trial which compared three different exercise programs (resistance, aerobic or a combination of both) of 6 months duration with a control group (no exercise program). Clinical outcomes at 6 months were entered for individual patients into the UKPDS economic model for type 2 diabetes adapted for the Canadian context. From this, expected life-years, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs were estimated for all patients within the trial.Results: The combined exercise program was the most expensive ($40,050) followed by the aerobic program ($39,250), the resistance program ($38,300) and no program ($31,075). QALYs were highest for combined (8.94), followed by aerobic (8.77), resistance (8.73) and no program (8.70). The incremental cost per QALY gained for the combined exercise program was $4,792 compared with aerobic alone, $8,570 compared with resistance alone, and $37,872 compared with no program. The combined exercise program remained cost-effective for all scenarios considered within sensitivity analysis.Conclusions: A program providing training in both resistance and aerobic exercise was the most cost-effective of the alternatives compared. Based on previous funding decisions, exercise training for individuals with diabetes can be considered an efficient use of resources.

Study on the Auditing Problems of the Private Universities in China and its Internal Audit Improvement Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 726-731
Author(s):  
Tie Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Private Colleges ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
College Education ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Private College ◽  
University Education ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Internal Audit Function ◽  
Current Reality

From the view of the current reality, many internal audit issues of the private colleges are very prominent, which affects the development of private universities. Therefore, it is very important to study status of internal audit in College, to explore measures to strengthen the internal audit college education, to optimize the allocation of resources and improve the effectiveness of university education. The essay based on the analysis of the internal audit function of private colleges, try to find the internal audit problem of the private college and provide the relevant suggestions.

scholarly journals The cost‑effectiveness of hypertonic saline inhalations for infant bronchiolitis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jefferson buendia ◽  
Ranniery Acuña-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Ratio ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Lower Total Cost ◽  
The Cost

Abstract BackgroundPharmacological treatment for bronchiolitis is primarily supportive because bronchodilators, steroids, and antibiotics, show little benefit. Clinical studies have suggested that nebulized 3% hypertonic solution is useful for infants with bronchiolitis. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the HS inhalations in infant bronchiolitis in a tropical country Methods Decision tree analysis was used to calculate the expected costs and QALYs. All cost and use of resources were collected directly from medical invoices of 193 patient hospitalized with diagnosis of bronchiolitis in tertiary centers, of Rionegro, Colombia. The utility values applied to QALYs calculations were collected from the literature. The economic analysis was carried out from a societal perspective.ResultsThe model showed that nebulized 3% hypertonic solution, was associated with lower total cost than controls (US $200vs US $240 average cost per patient), and higher QALYs ( 0.92 vs 0.91 average per patient); showing dominance. A position of dominance negates the need to calculate an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.Conclusion The nebulized 3% hypertonic solution was cost-effective in the inpatient treatment of infant bronchiolitis. Our study provides evidence that should be used by decision-makers to improve clinical practice guidelines and should be replicated to validate their results in other tropical countries.

scholarly journals SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA MENGGUNAKAN TOPSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Tati Mardiana ◽  
Siska Selvia Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Multiple Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Private College ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Multiple Attribute ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
The Right

Choosing the right college is a crucial step for students in preparing for their careers and future. With education at the college, the student increases their chances of getting better jobs. But because of the limited capacity of public college, students and parents must select a private college that agrees with desires and abilities. Errors in choosing a college result in students experiencing failure in carrying out education in the college. Therefore, students and parents need to consider several factors such as accreditation status, costs, the number of students, lecturers, facilities, study programs, and others to select a private college. Nevertheless, students and parents experience confusion in choosing a private college. This is due to many private colleges and the lack of information about these private colleges. Therefore, the aim of this study is to build a decision support system to select a private college that matches the desires and abilities of students and parents. This study uses Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making (FMADM) logic with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to rank each alternative private college. The test results showed that the system performance meets functional requirements and the perform system achieved an accuracy of 83,33%. This decision support system helps students and parents make decisions to select a private college that according to their desires and abilities accurately.  

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