Osteopromotion for cranioplasty

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Dahlin ◽  
Per Alberius ◽  
Anders Linde
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alloplastic Materials ◽  
Intramembranous Bone ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

✓ Various techniques for treatment of large cranial defects have been reported, but the use of alloplastic materials still seems to predominate. The authors have applied and explored a new approach for bone repair which appears promising, even for use in less osteogenic environments such as the adult calvaria. Seventy-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats each received bilateral 8-mm trephine defects in the temporoparietal area; this defect size precludes spontaneous osseous healing during the lifetime of the animal. Five surgical procedures, employing various alternatives of biologically inert expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane positioning and intramembranous bone-chip implantation, were performed and compared to control defects. Slight improvement of bone regeneration was demonstrated with subperiosteal ectocranial and endocranial membranes, alone or in combination, and with bone chips alone or in combination with an outer or inner membrane. Virtually complete bone healing was observed in animals receiving both an outer and an inner membrane with interpositioned bone chips. The latter appeared to function primarily as space-holders by keeping the membranes separated throughout the defect. Consequently, this technique seems to significantly promote bone repair by excluding soft-tissue components from the bone-healing site.

The prophylactic potential of Zingiber officinale flowers and leaves extract to mitigate hyperglycemia in Sprague Dawley rats

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Tanweer ◽  
Tariq Mehmood ◽  
Saadia Zainab ◽  
Zulfiqar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ammar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Purpose Innovative health-promoting approaches of the era have verified phytoceutics as one of the prime therapeutic tools to alleviate numerous health-related ailments. The purpose of this paper is to probe the nutraceutic potential of ginger flowers and leaves against hyperglycemia. Design/methodology/approach The aqueous extracts of ginger flowers and leaves were observed on Sprague Dawley rats for 8 weeks. Two parallel studies were carried out based on dietary regimes: control and hyperglycemic diets. At the end of the experimental modus, the overnight fed rats were killed to determine the concentration of glucose and insulin in serum. The insulin resistance and insulin secretions were also calculated by formulae by considering fasting glucose and fasting insulin concentrations. Furthermore, the feed and drink intakes, body weight gain and hematological analysis were also carried out. Findings In streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats, the ginger flowers extract depicted 5.62% reduction; however, ginger leaves extract reduced the glucose concentration up to 7.11% (p = 0.001). Similarly, ginger flowers extract uplifted the insulin concentration up to 3.07%, while, by ginger leaves extract, the insulin value increased to 4.11% (p = 0.002). For the insulin resistance, the ginger flower showed 5.32% decrease; however, the insulin resistance was reduced to 6.48% by ginger leaves (p = 0.014). Moreover, the insulin secretion increased to 18.9% by flower extract and 21.8% by ginger leave extract (p = 0.001). The feed intake and body weight gain increased momentously by the addition of ginger flowers and leaves; however, the drink intake and hematological analysis remained non-significant by the addition of ginger parts. Originality/value Conclusively, it was revealed that leaves have more hypoglycemic potential as compared to flowers.

Heterotransplantation of malignant human gliomas in neonatal rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael J. Tamargo ◽  
Jonathan I. Epstein ◽  
Henry Brem
Keyword(s):  
Human Glioma ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Human Gliomas ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Heterologous Transplantation ◽  
Subcutaneous Space ◽  
The Brain

✓ Three human glioma cell lines (TE-671 medulloblastoma, U-87 MG glioblastoma, and U-373 MG glioblastoma) were transplanted to the quadrigeminal cistern of the brain in 37 newborn Sprague-Dawley rats and to the subcutaneous space in 30 of their siblings. Two of the three gliomas (the TE-671 medulloblastoma and the U-87 MG glioblastoma) grew both intracranially and subcutaneously. The U-373 MG glioblastoma did not grow in either site. The resulting tumors expressed unique morphological features characteristic of their tissue of origin. The newborn rat represents a model for the heterologous transplantation of human gliomas, providing a biological window for the study of these lesions.

A New Approach to Evaluate Mammary Tumours in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats: Thermography

2014 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
A.I. Faustino-Rocha ◽  
A. Silva ◽  
J. Gabriel ◽  
D. Talhada ◽  
A. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mammary Tumours ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Etoposide-induced blood-brain barrier disruption

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin K. Spigelman ◽  
Rosario A. Zappulla ◽  
James Johnson ◽  
Stanley J. Goldsmith ◽  
Leonard I. Malis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Disruption ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Brain Barrier Disruption

✓ The intracarotid infusion of the anti-neoplastic compound, etoposide, has been shown to exert a dose-dependent effect on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Etoposide, however, is formulated in a complex solvent solution containing alcohol, Tween 80, polyethylene glycol 300, and citric acid. To investigate the contribution of the solvent solution to BBB disruption, the authors studied Sprague-Dawley rats after the internal carotid artery infusion of the solvent solution with and without the addition of etoposide. Experiments were performed at four doses of drug and/or solvent. Disruption of the BBB was evaluated qualitatively by the appearance of the systemically administered dye, Evans blue, in the cerebral hemispheres and quantitatively by the ratio of gamma counts of the technetium-labeled chelate of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) in the ipsilateral:contralateral hemisphere. Significant barrier opening was obtained in all four groups of animals infused with solvent plus etoposide. In the corresponding groups of rats infused with the solvent solution alone, BBB disruption was markedly lower. Only in the group infused with the largest dose of solvent was the hemispheric ratio of 99mTc-DTPA significantly different from saline-infused animals. Each of the groups with solvent plus etoposide had 99mTc-DTPA ratios significantly different from the control group. Intracarotid infusion and subsequent BBB disruption were well tolerated by the animals receiving either solvent alone or solvent and etoposide. Disruption of the BBB secondary to the intracarotid infusion of etoposide is primarily caused by the drug itself and not by the solvent solution.

Contribution of polyamine oxidase to brain injury after trauma

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aclan Doğan ◽  
a. Muralikrishna Rao ◽  
Muştafa K. Baskaya ◽  
James Hatcher ◽  
Cuneyt Temiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Polyamine Oxidase ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Mdl 72527 ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The possible role of the polyamine interconversion pathway on edema formation, traumatic injury volume, and tissue polyamine levels after traumatic brain injury (TBI) was studied using an inhibitor of the interconversion pathway enzyme, polyamine oxidase.Methods. Experimental TBI was induced in Sprague—Dawley rats by using a controlled cortical impact device at a velocity of 3 m/second, resulting in a 2-mm deformation. Immediately after TBI was induced, 100 mg/kg of N1,N4-bis(2,3-butadienyl)-1,4-butanediamine 2HCl (MDL 72527) or saline was injected intraperitoneally. Brain water content and tissue polyamine levels were measured at 24 hours after TBI. Traumatic injury volume was evaluated using 2% cresyl violet solution 7 days after TBI occurred. The MDL 72527 treatment significantly reduced brain edema (80.4 ± 0.8% compared with 81.2 ± 1.2%, p < 0.05) and injury volume (30.1 ± 6.6 mm3 compared with 42.7 ± 13.3 mm3, p < 0.05) compared with the saline treatment. The TBI caused a significant increase in tissue putrescine levels at the traumatized site (65.5 ± 26.5 pmol/g in the cortex and 70.9 ± 22.4 pmol/g in the hippocampus) compared with the nontraumatized site (7 ± 2.4 pmol/g in the cortex and 11.4 ± 6.4 pmol/g in the hippocampus). The increase in putrescine levels in both the traumatized and nontraumatized cortex and hippocampus was reduced by a mean of 60% with MDL 72527 treatment.Conclusions. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that the polyamine interconversion pathway has an important role in the increase of putrescine levels after TBI and that the polyamine oxidase inhibitors, blockers of the interconversion pathway, can be neuroprotective against edema formation and necrotic cavitation after TBI.

A collagen-based sealant to prevent in vivo reformation of epidural scar adhesions in an adult rat laminectomy model

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Liu ◽  
Jean Pierre Boutrand ◽  
Jacques Bittoun ◽  
Marc Tadie
Keyword(s):  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
White Tissue ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors investigated the effect of a collagen-based sealant, Gel Amidon Oxydé (GAO), in preventing the reformation of epidural scar adhesions in an adult rat model of laminectomy. Methods. Thirty-two adult Sprague—Dawley rats underwent a complete L5–6 laminectomy, after which the dura mater was exposed and the left adjacent L-4 and L-5 nerve roots were exposed. The surgical wound was then closed; 1 month later it was reopened. The epidural scar adhesions that developed were observed and carefully removed, leaving clean dura and nerve roots reexposed. In 16 experimental rats, GAO was placed onto the reexposed dura and around the nerve roots before it polymerized. No treatment was performed in 16 control rats. Postoperatively, all rats were healthy and without neurological deficit. The incisions healed within 1 week regardless of the treatment with the GAO. Three months after reoperation, magnetic resonance imaging revealed that important epidural adhesions were present in the control rats but not in the experimental rats. These findings were then confirmed by gross anatomical examination in which a white tissue layer was found over the dura without adhesions in the experimental animals, whereas significant epidural scar adhesions were demonstrated in the controls. Histological evaluation of the laminectomy site also showed that the peridural space in the experimental rats was larger than that in the controls. Conclusions. The authors found that GAO may be a safe and effective antiscarring adhesion biomaterial in vivo. When placed into the laminectomy site, GAO may prove beneficial in preventing the formation and reformation of epidural scar adhesions in humans.

scholarly journals Changes in Bowel Microbiota Induced by Feeding Weanlings Resistant Starch Stimulate Transcriptomic and Physiological Responses

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (18) ◽  
pp. 6656-6664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Young ◽  
Nicole C. Roy ◽  
Julian Lee ◽  
Blair Lawley ◽  
Don Otter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

ABSTRACTThe ability to predictably engineer the composition of bowel microbial communities (microbiota) using dietary components is important because of the reported associations of altered microbiota composition with medical conditions. In a synecological study, weanling conventional Sprague-Dawley rats (21 days old) were fed a basal diet (BD) or a diet supplemented with resistant starch (RS) at 5%, 2.5%, or 1.25% for 28 days. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes and temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (TTGE) profiles in the colonic digesta showed that rats fed RS had altered microbiota compositions due to blooms ofBacteroidetesandActinobacteria. The altered microbiota was associated with changes in colonic short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, colonic-tissue gene expression (Gsta2andEla1), and host physiology (serum metabolite profiles and colonic goblet cell numbers). Comparisons between germ-free and conventional rats showed that transcriptional and serum metabolite differences were mediated by the microbiota and were not the direct result of diet composition. Altered transcriptomic and physiological responses may reflect the young host's attempts to maintain homeostasis as a consequence of exposure to a new collection of bacteria and their associated biochemistry.

Comparative effects of repeatedly heated cooking oils on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinu Chacko ◽  
Rajamohan Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Heated Oils

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the effects of repeatedly heated coconut oil, mustard oil and sunflower oil on antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed Sprague Dawley rats. Design/methodology/approach The test oils were heated at 210 ± 10°C for 15 h. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. In total, 15% fresh/heated oils and 1% cholesterol were mixed with the experimental diet and fed to the animals for 60 days. Findings Chemical analysis revealed that repeated heating of oils resulted in changes in fatty acid composition and elevated lipid peroxidation, the effects being lower in heated coconut oil. Body weight gain significantly decreased in heated coconut oil (p = 0.02), heated mustard oil (p = 0.022) and heated sunflower oil (p = 0.001) fed animals. Malondialdehyde level was significantly increased (p = 0.001) in tissues of heated oils fed animals. Concentration of protein oxidation products was significantly increased (p = 0.001) in heated oils fed animals. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased (p = 0.001) in heated oils fed animals. Total thiols were decreased (p = 0.001) in tissues of animals that were fed heated oils. Animals that were fed heated mustard oil and heated sunflower oil showed lower antioxidant levels and higher oxidation products when compared to those fed heated coconut oil. Originality/value Studies comparing the effects of thermally oxidized oils that vary in fatty acid composition are rare. The effects of fresh and heated oils that vary in fatty acid constitution, namely, coconut oil, mustard oil and sunflower oil, in cholesterol-fed rats are studied.

scholarly journals Reconstructive Effects of Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation Combined with GGT Composite on Large Bone Defect in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Yin Yang ◽  
Tzung-Chi Huang ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chun-Hsu Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Electromagnetic Stimulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Large Bone

Previous studies have shown the electromagnetic stimulation improves bone remodeling and bone healing. However, the effect of percutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) was not directly explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of ES on improvement of bone repair. Twenty-four adult maleSprague-Dawley ratswere used for cranial implantation. We used a composite comprising genipin cross-linked gelatin mixed with tricalcium phosphate (GGT). Bone defects of all rats were filled with the GGT composites, and the rats were assigned into six groups after operation. The first three groups underwent 4, 8, and 12 weeks of ES, and the anode was connected to the backward of the defect on the neck; the cathode was connected to the front of the defect on the head. Rats were under inhalation anesthesia during the stimulation. The other three groups only received inhalation anesthesia without ES, as control groups. All the rats were examined afterward at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Radiographic examinations including X-ray and micro-CT showed the progressive bone regeneration in the both ES and non-ES groups. The amount of the newly formed bone increased with the time between implantation and examination in the ES and non-ES groups and was higher in the ES groups. Besides, the new bone growth trended on bilateral sides in ES groups and accumulated in U-shape in non-ES groups. The results indicated that ES could improve bone repair, and the effect is higher around the cathode.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document