scholarly journals The evolution of the cultural influence of classicism and baroque in the development of scientific knowledge in Russia: the problem of anthropologism and the development of science

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
M. A. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
European Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

In the work on historical and cultural material, an analysis is made of the change in the direction of the scientific paradigm from anthropocentric to socio-centric, which is most reflected in the period of the “New Time”, that is, the period in the history of mankind, between the “Middle Ages” and “Modern Times”, which had a significant influence on the evolution of scientific thought. The mutual relationship between culture and art is shown, as well as the step-by-step process of the formation of European science is examined, in which the influence of the state’s cultural policy on the worldview of the society, and the integrity of a science-oriented worldview are observed. Then science, reflected as a sociocultural phenomenon, has several aspects, such as the influence of culture and society on science, and vice versa, the influence of science on culture and society, which determines the direction of scientific interests, and the very approaches to understanding, comprehending the world. Realization of the development of science in the interests of the state with inevitability made it possible to imagine the main role of the social principle in the existence of man, which subsequently received a continuation in the nature of man. The man was cut off from nature and from the world and completely absorbed in the system of the social sphere, just as the individual was perceived only in the system of the state, whose general limitations were limited to his worldview.

The World the Bedouin Lived in: Climate, Migration and Politics in the Early Modern Arab East

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-55
Author(s):  
Astrid Meier ◽  
Tariq Tell
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Marginal Zones

Environmental history provides a perspective from which we can deepen our understanding of the past because it examines the relationships of people with their material surroundings and the effects of those relationships on the individual as well as the societal level. It is a perspective that holds particular promise for the social and political history of arid and marginal zones, as it contributes to our understanding of the reason some groups are more successful than others in coping with the same environmental stresses. Historians working on the early modern Arab East have only recently engaged with the lively field of global environmental history. After presenting a brief overview of some strands of this research, this article illustrates the potential of this approach by looking closely at a series of conflicts involving Bedouin and other power groups in the southern parts of Bilād al-Shām around the middle of the eighteenth century.

The Sovereignty of the Good

Hegel's Value ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 320-354
Author(s):  
Dean Moyar
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
The State ◽  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
Individual State ◽  
World State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Sovereign Authority ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Form

This chapter begins with a treatment of Hegel’s conception of the sovereignty of the State in the person of the individual monarch. It is argued that the sovereign authority is bound to the inferential articulation of the living Good. Hegel’s treatment of external sovereignty focuses on the welfare of the individual State in opposition to other States in an external form of recognition. The logic of recognition results not in a world State, but rather in a conception of world Spirit as the rationality of right in its development in time. World Spirit is best read as the unfolding of the Good rather than as a process set apart from morality. It is shown that the key conclusion of Hegel’s argument is the convergence of the State, religion, and philosophy. The chapter unpacks the bearing of this convergence claim on Hegel’s understanding of the relation of the State and religion, showing how religion functions as the bearer of the living Good at a higher level of spiritual practice. Hegel conceives of philosophy as an evaluative discipline that can both reconcile individuals to the rationality of the world and liberate both individuals and the social order.

scholarly journals Transposição matricial de conflitos. Um contributo para a história da ciência no ensino

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 761-773
Author(s):  
Carlos Fortes Antunes ◽  
José Alberto Correia ◽  
Henrique Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Resumo A alternância dicotómica da história da ciência entre o género individual e o social tem dificultado a sua implementação no ensino. O conjunto de informações empíricas recolhidas num processo de investigação, ainda em curso, efetuado através de grupos de discussão focalizada e com base na conjugação da fenomenologia com a teoria fundamentada nos dados, permitiram identificar dinâmicas de conflitos em diferentes fases das transições, envolvendo a escola e o mundo do trabalho, de 66 indivíduos na região do Porto. A reinterpretação da informação empírica levou-nos a colocar o processo de desenvolvimento da história da ciência, lado a lado com o processo da mediação dos conflitos. A mediação transposta de conflitos que geraram o desenvolvimento do conhecimento pode contribuir para a implementação da história da ciência no ensino. Palavras-chave: mediação; conflito; matriz espaço-tempo; história Abstract Dichotomous switching of the history of science between the individual and the social gender have hampered its implementation in teaching. The set of empirical information collected in the process of investigation, still under way, conducted through focus groups and based on combination of phenomenology with grounded theory, enabled us to identify conflict dynamics at different stages of transitions, involving the school and the world of work, of 66 individuals in the region of Porto. The reinterpretation of the empirical information led us to place the development process of the history of science, alongside the process of mediation of conflicts. The transposed mediation of conflicts that generated the development of knowledge can contribute to the implementation of the history of science in teaching. Keywords: mediation; conflict; space-time matrix; history

scholarly journals Conflict between an individual and the state in the concept of Max Stirner

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Igor' Olegovich Nadtochii ◽  
Sergei Vyacheslavovich Nikishin
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
The World ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
History Of ◽  
Max Stirner ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of this research is the views of the German classical philosopher Max Stirner on the individual, society, and the state reflected in his flagship work “The Ego and Its Own”. The object of this research is the anarchism as a unique trend in the world political and philosophical thought. On the one hand, the author emphasize the determinedness of the ideas of German philosopher by the historical atmosphere of his time, while on the other – view anarchism as the doctrine with the equally long history in the world thought and practical implementation of the anarchist concepts. The focus of M. Stirner's ideas lies in the conflict between an individual and the state. The scientific novelty of this article consists in the analysis of the essential conceptual conflict, immanent to the history of mankind, which is the foundation for M. Stirner’s original concept of the relationship between an individual, the state, and surrounding world. The trueness of being in the concept of German philosopher is determined by the embodiment of the anthropocentric, or according to M. Stirner, the “egoistic” ontological ideal. The authors' special contribution consists in the analysis of views of M. Stirner, as well as in tracing correlation between the  anarchist concepts and realization of the ideas of anarchism in one or another form. The authors show no reference to any value judgments related to this ideological phenomenon.

A Place by the Fire

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Classen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
City Life ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Sensory Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This chapter embarks on a tactile history of the Middle Ages. It considers the sensory effects of different areas in the medieval milieu: the social body, heat, city walls, work routines, and bodily comforts. Alongside the strength of the social body (the identification of the individual within the group), the chapter also explores the ways in which the common touch can uphold or destroy the medieval social order. Next, the chapter turns to the role of heat and warmth in intimate domestic spaces before moving on to the larger domain of city life as well as the rigors of farm work and agricultural cycles. Capping off this discussion of daily medieval life, the chapter delves into the rites of pleasure, where the hardness of work is contrasted with the softness of comfort.

Heart of the State, Site of Tension: The Archival Turn Viewed from Venice, ca. 1400-1700

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (03) ◽  
pp. 457-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo de Vivo
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
The State ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

In recent years, a new historiographical trend has focused on archives not as mere repositories of sources, but as objects of inquiry in their own right. Particular attention has been paid to how their continually evolving organization and management reflect the political presuppositions of the institutions presiding over them. This article acknowledges this archival turn and provides an example drawn from the famous case study of the Venetian chancery between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries, at a time of substantial developments in the management of archives. It proposes a more inclusive and socially contextualized approach in order to demonstrate that archives were not just tools of power but also sites of economic, social, and political conflict. A close reading of the very document that led to the institutional view of the Venetian archive as the “heart of the state” reveals that the patrician rulers worried about both the fragility of their archive and the reliability of the notaries in charge of it. This perspective helps to explain the exalted representation of the archive in the late Middle Ages and the early modern era—a representation that, taken at face value, continues to inspire historical analysis today—by illuminating the practical difficulties surrounding archival methods at the time. The history of archives emerges as a promising field of inquiry precisely because it can shed light on both the history of the state and the social context in which the state’s actions had to be negotiated.

Power and the Body: Revisiting Dance and Theatre Aesthetic of Resistance in the Academy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Praise Zenenga
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The Congress on Research in Dance (CORD's) thematic and structural concerns over the years, which seek to bring together dance and its allied fields of the performing arts (theatre, music, cinema, etc.), parallel the African aesthetic experience that emphasizes the interconnectedness and inseparability of theatre, dance, and music in performance. Theorizing on the self and the social, to examine the state of the profession, this paper offers an autoethnographic account not only of the contradictory ways in which personal and professional subjectivity is constructed but also of the performing body's power and capacity to reproduce and transform the world. The paper argues that, historically, the performing body of color constitutes a continuum of creative possibilities whose capacity to resist state and institutional hegemonic power has always manifested itself covertly or overtly. In conclusion, the paper celebrates a long history of the performing body of color's ability to double-speak. The performing body's ability to create ambivalent discourses that can be outwardly entertaining while secretly radical and deeply revolutionary has throughout history empowered the body of color to resist even the most repressive circumstances.

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

The problem of periodization of the history of religion

1997 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Borys Lobovyk
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

Myriad Aspects of Secular Thinking on Malayali Cuisine

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
SAJITHA M
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Civilized Society

Food is one of the main requirements of human being. It is flattering for the preservation of wellbeing and nourishment of the body.  The food of a society exposes its custom, prosperity, status, habits as well as it help to develop a culture. Food is one of the most important social indicators of a society. History of food carries a dynamic character in the socio- economic, political, and cultural realm of a society. The food is one of the obligatory components in our daily life. It occupied an obvious atmosphere for the augmentation of healthy life and anticipation against the diseases.  The food also shows a significant character in establishing cultural distinctiveness, and it reflects who we are. Food also reflected as the symbol of individuality, generosity, social status and religious believes etc in a civilized society. Food is not a discriminating aspect. It is the part of a culture, habits, addiction, and identity of a civilization.Food plays a symbolic role in the social activities the world over. It’s a universal sign of hospitality.[1]

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