scholarly journals THE IMPACT ON THE PANDEMIC CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) ON HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IN WEST SUMATERA

Menara Ilmu ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fery Andrianus ◽  
Hefrizal Handra ◽  
Arie Sukma ◽  
Khaira Alfatih
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Household Welfare ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
Subjective Indicators ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

West Sumatera is the province with the highest number of Covid-19 casesin Sumatera Island and nationally it isin the ninth position. Similar to other events at the international and national levels, the spread of Covid-19 in West Sumatera has an impact on the regional economy. It affects not only the growth and other macroeconomic indicators but also the welfare of households and society directly. This study examines the effects of the pandemic Covid-19 on household welfare using objective and subjective indicators and observe into what extent the influence of PSBB and government assistance on community conditions during this pandemic. The results show that firstly, household welfare is above the provincial minimum wage, secondly, PSBB also affects people’s income, and lastly, not all households or communities are informed about the assistance from the government during the pandemic. Keywords: Covid-19, objective and subjective indicators, welfare, provincial minimum

scholarly journals Evaluation of the adequacy of government minimum wage valorization policy in the Czech Republic in 2017 in the European context

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pernica
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Minimum Wages ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Workforce Productivity

Research background: The government of the Czech Republic has agreed to an increase in the minimum monthly wage as of the beginning of 2017 to 11,000 CZK, which represents a year-over-year increase of over 11 %. The government is thus fulfilling its objective set out in February 2014 and stipulated in the Government Statement of Purpose, i.e. to approximate the minimum wage to 40 % of average wages. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to assess the adequacy of the Government Minimum Wage Valorization Policy, in particular from two points of view. Firstly, in view of selected macroeconomic indicators in the Czech Republic — the development of consumer prices, average gross wages, economic growth and workforce productivity. Secondly, in comparison with other EU member states which have introduced the institution of a minimum wage. Methods: In order to assess the adequacy of government policy to improve the social protection of the rights of the working population, a background research was conducted into the literature of important studies on the effects of minimum wages on unemployment, while the development of average gross wages in the CR, the minimum monthly wages in the CR and the Kaitz index were also analyzed. Furthermore, an evaluation of selected macroeconomic indicators in the Czech Republic was performed by means of time lines and the percentage representation of employees in the individual gross wage bands according to sex and type of economic activity. Last, but not least, a comparison was made of minimum wages, real gross domestic product per capita and workforce productivity in Euros and in purchasing power standards between the Czech Republic and countries which have enacted the institution of minimum wages. Findings and Value added: The minimum wage in the Czech Republic is the fifth lowest in the EU. In the long term, it is earned by approximately 3% of employees, which is less than the rate common in other EU countries. Currently, the amount of the minimum wage is below the threshold of income poverty. In comparison with the GDP per capita in PPS and real labour productivity per person employed in other EU countries, the position of the Czech Republic is significantly better, although other EU countries offer higher minimum wages. The decision of the current government to significantly increase the minimum wage as of 2017 is correct.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND FISCAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE CASE STUDY OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Rufi Osmani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to analyse the impact of Covid-19 on economic and fiscal consequences in North Macedonia. In addition, the paper assesses the effects of economic and fiscal packages implemented by the Government of the country. The study uses secondary data in order to find out the real consequences caused by Covid-19 pandemic in the economy of North Macedonia. The findings reveal thatCovid-19 pandemic produced negative economic and fiscal consequences during 2020 in all sectors. Moreover at the end of 2020 the real sector of the economy recorded a 4.5% decline in GDP, the fiscal deficit achived a level of -8.1% of the GDP. The findings of the paper show that government assistance through various packages, partly affected the reduction of negative economic consequences of Covid-19.

scholarly journals Government assistance and total factor productivity: firm-level evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Harris ◽  
Shengyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Chinese Firm ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tax Holidays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Production

Abstract Industrial policy, particularly through the provision of large-scale assistance to industry in the form of ‘tax holidays’ and subsidies to firms, is very important in China. A major contribution of this paper is to introduce firm-level measures of assistance directly into industry-level production functions determining firm output using Chinese firm-level panel data for 1998–2007 and analysing the impact of government assistance on TFP at the firm-level. Our results indicate inverted U-shaped gains from assistance: across the 26 industries considered, firms receiving assistance rates of 1–10, 10–19, 20–49 and 50+% experienced on average 4.5, 9.4, 9.2 and −3% gains in TFP level, respectively. We then decompose the growth of TFP and relate it to assistance and formal political connections between firms and the government. We find in general firms receiving assistance contributed relatively more to TFP growth than non-assisted firms. However, this was largely through new firms being ‘encouraged’ to start-up rather than through firms open throughout 1998 to 2007 improving. There is also evidence that closure rates were truncated as a result of assistance. Moreover, the better results for assisted firms was very much ‘driven’ by a sub-group that received assistance but had no formal political connections and were not State-owned.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Privatization Commission of Pakistan and the Impact of Privatization of SOEs on the Economic Conditions of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4709-4723
Author(s):  
Saqib Ejaz Malik ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Awais ◽  
Dr. Numair Ahmed Sulehri ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
Manzoor Ali
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Locations

Privatization is an initiative or process in which the selling-off of the state owned enterprises (SOEs) occurs. This process can also be seen when the government of a certain country contract outs the state services. Pakistan, as one of the developing country in the world enjoys a specific status due to its geographical locations, does not stand as a nation that participates unduly in privatizing the government assets. Today, despite the government's urge, some unforeseen circumstances and incidents that happen in Pakistan are not to attract the foreign direct investment from the investors, who desire to invest in SOEs. The aim of this research is to explain the impact of the incorporation of Privatization commission of Pakistan and the impact of selling-off of SOEs on the economic growth of the country and on other macroeconomic indicators. The data has been collected from different articles and from the government released statistics keeping in view the reviews of international organization such as World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), catering the time period from 1991 to 2018. The figures of revenue from the sale of SOEs in different time periods are taken from the annual report of 2018 from the ministry of Privatization and could be relied upon. The research study has found a consistent rise, over the period of time, in rate of GDP, while the floats of privatization remained unsteady.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Regions’ Socio-Economic Development: The Case of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Pavlo Hryhoruk ◽  
Nila Khrushch ◽  
Svitlana Grygoruk ◽  
Kateryna Gorbatiuk ◽  
Liudmyla Prystupa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Composite Indices ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government ◽  
Components Method ◽  
The Impact

Solving the problems of regional development belongs to the category of strategic and most important of each country. The COVID-19 pandemic has become the biggest challenge for the world economic system, causing a significant impact on the reduction of key macroeconomic indicators, changes in business conditions, which has raised the issue of assessing the social and economic development of regions. The paper considers the application of composite index assessment technology for the consequences of COVID-19 on the development indicators of Ukraine's regions. The comparison was conducted according to the data of the first two quarters of 2019 and 2020. For the study, eight indicators were selected, which by content feature were divided into a subset of economic indicators and a subset of social indicators. A partial composite development index was designed for each subset. The principal components method was used to calculate the weights of the components. The results of the analysis showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a greater impact on economic development: for each region, there is a decrease in the value of the indicator. While for a partial composite index of social development such a decrease is less noticeable. The reflection of the regions in the space of these composite indices showed that their structure remained virtually unchanged. The analysis of the common composite index of regional development, designed by the convolution of partial composite indices indicators, also showed a decrease in its values in 2020. The paper analyses the measures taken by the Government of Ukraine to neutralize the effects of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Time Series Affecting the Minimum and Average Wages of V4 Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
Lucie Meixnerová ◽  
Michal Krajňák
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Endogenous Variable ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The study deals with the evaluation of the impact of macroeconomic indicators such as gross domestic product, unemployment, the implicit tax rate on labour and the consumer price index on the minimum and average wages in the countries of the Visegrad Four. The set of input analysed data is obtained from databases of national statistical offices, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and Eurostat. Since the minimum wage is influenced by state intervention, it is an intervention in the market mechanism and its costs are borne primarily by employers, it is an important indicator in assessing the impacts in the payroll field. Employers have a direct impact on the level of the average wage. From the results of derived VAR models, it cannot be argued that short-term relations in selected countries show the same regularities. However, common characteristics can be found between macroeconomic indicators and minimum and average wage. The results of the article show that if the endogenous variable is the minimum wage, there are no significant dependencies between the above-mentioned indicators. Each of the analysed countries has its own instrument for regulating the minimum wage independent of macroeconomic factors, which has been confirmed. If an average wage indicator is an endogenous variable, this variable has both a positive and negative impact on the remaining indicators analysed. The implicit tax rate on labour was evaluated as the most statistically significant indicator affecting the average wage. The results of the testing between the minimum or average wage and the macroeconomic indicators in the sense of Granger causality confirmed the fact that the development of selected macroeconomic indicators contributes to an increase in the accuracy of the forecast of the evolution of the average wage in the examined countries.

Analisis Peranan Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Pedesaan Swadaya (P4S) Manunggal Tani dalam Pemberdayaan Petani di Desa Bero Kecamatan Trucuk Kabupaten Klaten

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Erlin Dara Pravitasari ◽  
Agung Wibowo ◽  
Widiyanto Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The problem in the world of agriculture today is that farmers are still dependent on government assistance. One of the affected villages is Bero Village. The problem is that farmers are still dependent on government assistance, so they need the education to increase their resources and don't depend on the government. The strategy taken to overcome the problem is to hold a farmer empowerment program. The extension group involved in the empowerment activities is the non-governmental organization P4S Manunggal Tani. This study was conducted to determine the role of P4S Manunggal Tani on farmer empowerment and the impact of farmer empowerment on self-reliance. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The location of this research is the non-governmental organization P4S Manunggal Tani located in Bero Village, Trucuk District, Klaten Regency. The study was conducted from December 2020 – July 2021. The method of determining the informants of this research was using purposive and snowball sampling. Testing the validity of this research data are using triangulation methods and triangulation sources. The results showed that the role of P4S Manunggal Tani in empowering farmers in Bero Village are training, counseling, farmer regeneration, and network development. This empowerment activity impacted increasing the human resources of farmers, and farmers are independent by not depending on the government, which is characterized by being able to produce their organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizer is one of the ingredients to keep rice fields fertile. It needs education for farmers regarding the basics of agricultural science for the

scholarly journals The Impact of Oil Prices on Economic Activity: The Case of Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Shahin V. B. ◽  
Jamila G. M. ◽  
Fargana G. M. ◽  
Nazim Hajiyev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
World Market ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The strategic purpose of the economic policy of Azerbaijan is to ensure sustainable growth. The external factors including oil prices in the world market and investments have a significant influence on economic activity in Azerbaijan. The relationship between oil prices and gross domestic product has been scrutinized and the sensitivity of macroeconomic indicators to oil prices has been investigated. The dependence of investment activity, including foreign investments on oil prices has been determined. In the research, econometric models have been constructed in the purpose of studying the impact of oil prices on key macroeconomic indicators from the qualitative and quantitative point of view. At the same time, a comparative analysis of oil reserves of Azerbaijan with other oil countries has been conducted. According to the results, the government should determine new and sustainable growth pillars based on risks emerged from oil price, improve economic policy and accelerate the transition to innovative high-tech models of economic development.

scholarly journals The Clustering of Provinces in Indonesia by The Economic Impact of Covid-19 using Cluster Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Zerlita Fahdha Pusdiktasari ◽  
Widiarni Ginta Sasmita ◽  
Wulaida Rizky Fitrilia ◽  
Rahma Fitriani ◽  
Suci Astutik
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Cophenetic Correlation ◽  
Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Indonesia since March 2020. Several policies have been issued by the Indonesian government to reduce the level of the spread of Covid-19. This policy has an impact on various fields of life, especially the economic sector in various sectors. This study was conducted to analyze the grouping of provinces whose economies are at risk of being affected by Covid-19 based on various economic sectors, namely the unemployment rate, the percentage of poor people, the provincial minimum wage, and the occupancy rate of hotels using cluster analysis. Cluster analysis was performed using several hierarchical methods, namely Simple, Complete, Average, and Centroid Linkage and Ward. The Cophenetic correlation coefficient (rCoph) was used to determine the best method, while the number of clusters was determined based on the Dunn, Connectivity, and Silhoutte indexes. The analysis result shows that Average Linkage is the best method with two clusters. The first cluster consists of all provinces in Indonesia except Papua, whose economy is highly at risk of being affected by Covid-19, characterized by a low percentage of the poor and a low provincial minimum wage, as well as high levels of open unemployment and hotel occupancy rates. Meanwhile, the second cluster consists of the Province of Papua, which is an economic group with a low risk of being affected by Covid-19. By looking at the impact of the Covid-19 disaster, the government can make recovery efforts and generalize economic recovery policies due to Covid-19 which have an impact on the economy of almost all provinces in Indonesia.

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