scholarly journals Cognitive Networks: Interactivity, Intersubjectivity, and Synergy

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-78
Author(s):  
Helena Knyazeva
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Cognitive Coherence ◽  
Cognitive Niches

Some properties of cognitive networks are discussed in the article in the context of the modern achievements of the network science. It is the study in network structures and their surprising properties that gives a new impetus to the development of the theory of complex systems (synergetics). The analysis of cognitive processes from the point of view of the network structures that arise in them not only fits with such concepts already existing in cognitive science and epistemology, as cognitive niches, cognitive maps, cognitive coherence, etc.), but also brings some new aspects to the understanding of interactivity, intersubjectivity, synergy in cognition and creative activities, empathy.

scholarly journals The technology of using fuzzy cognitive maps from a mathematical point of view

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yuri Germanovich Rykov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps ◽  
Generalized System ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Results

A broader view of the technology of fuzzy cognitive maps is described, in which the cognitive map is considered as a carrier of computational procedures. This approach can be described as a generalized system dynamics. This interpretation makes it easier to obtain theoretical results that can characterize the behavior of complex systems. In particular, in the case of simple computational procedures, the relationship between the degree of influence of factors and the structure of the system, namely, the presence of connecting paths and cycles in the corresponding digraph, is clarified.

Networks of Cognitive Processes: Functional and Anatomical Correlates of Cognition, Emotions, and Social Cognition

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
John D. Medaglia
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Cognitive Network ◽  
The World ◽  
Network Neuroscience

Networks of cognitive processes describe some of the key findings emerging from cognitive network neuroscience. Cognition is organized in distinct networks in the human brain. These cognitive networks interact via complex dynamics to process our environments and enact our decisions on the world. Within the emerging subdiscipline known as cognitive network neuroscience, we can connect classical neuroscience approaches to network science. This allows us to consider how major cognitive functions ranging from sensation to cognitive control and emotion are organized in the human brain. Through the lens of network neuroscience, we can enrich our understanding of normal and disordered cognitive function to be manifestations of processes and representations in ordered or disorded neural networks.

Do Event-Related Brain Potentials Reflect Mental (Cognitive) Operations?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kotchoubey
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

Abstract Most cognitive psychophysiological studies assume (1) that there is a chain of (partially overlapping) cognitive processes (processing stages, mechanisms, operators) leading from stimulus to response, and (2) that components of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) may be regarded as manifestations of these processing stages. What is usually discussed is which particular processing mechanisms are related to some particular component, but not whether such a relationship exists at all. Alternatively, from the point of view of noncognitive (e. g., “naturalistic”) theories of perception ERP components might be conceived of as correlates of extraction of the information from the experimental environment. In a series of experiments, the author attempted to separate these two accounts, i. e., internal variables like mental operations or cognitive parameters versus external variables like information content of stimulation. Whenever this separation could be performed, the latter factor proved to significantly affect ERP amplitudes, whereas the former did not. These data indicate that ERPs cannot be unequivocally linked to processing mechanisms postulated by cognitive models of perception. Therefore, they cannot be regarded as support for these models.

Core Criteria I

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford C. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Infinite Regress ◽  
Belief Formation ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Epistemic Criteria ◽  
Problem Of The Criterion

Chapter 3 deals with the first issue one faces in the task of articulating the explicit epistemic criteria for belief: the problem of the criterion. It is tempting to suppose that a belief can be normatively proper from the epistemic point of view only if the believer can certify for herself the reliability of every belief-forming process on which she relied. But insisting on this quickly leads to the threat of an infinite regress. This chapter defends a foundationalist response to this problem, according to which we enjoy a default (albeit defeasible) permission to rely on certain cognitive processes in belief-formation. These are processes that satisfy what the author calls the Reliabilist Rationale. Importantly, our permissions here are social: any one of us is permitted to rely on any token process that satisfies this rationale, whether the token process resides in one’s own mind/brain or that of another epistemic subject.

Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Thurner ◽  
Rudolf Hanel ◽  
Peter Klimekl
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Community Detection ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Small World ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Multilayer Networks ◽  
Basic Vocabulary

Understanding the interactions between the components of a system is key to understanding it. In complex systems, interactions are usually not uniform, not isotropic and not homogeneous: each interaction can be specific between elements.Networks are a tool for keeping track of who is interacting with whom, at what strength, when, and in what way. Networks are essential for understanding of the co-evolution and phase diagrams of complex systems. Here we provide a self-contained introduction to the field of network science. We introduce ways of representing and handle networks mathematically and introduce the basic vocabulary and definitions. The notions of random- and complex networks are reviewed as well as the notions of small world networks, simple preferentially grown networks, community detection, and generalized multilayer networks.

scholarly journals Cognitive networks identify dimensions of distress in suicide notes: Anxiety, emotional profiles, and "words not said"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Swanson ◽  
Andreia Sofia Teixeira ◽  
Brianne N. Richson ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Thomas Hills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Real World ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
High Anxiety ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
Suicide Notes

Suicide remains a serious public-health concern that is difficult to accurately predict in real-world settings. To identify potential predictors of suicide, we examined the emotional content of suicide notes using methods from cognitive network science. Specifically, we compared the co-occurrence networks of suicide notes with those constructed out of emotion words written by individuals scoring low or high on measures of depression, anxiety, and stress. Our objective was to identify which networks were most similar to the suicide notes network, in particular with regard to the connectivity between words and their emotional contents. We also investigated what types of words remained in the high/low emotion networks after controlling for the words present in the suicide notes, which we conceptualize as the “words not said” in the suicide notes. We found that patterns of connectivity among emotion words in suicide notes were most similar to those in texts written by low-anxiety individuals. However, upon analyzing the “words not said” in suicide notes, we observed that the remaining collection of emotions in suicide notes was most similar to those expressed by high-anxiety individuals. We discuss how these findings relate with existing clinical psychological literature as well as their potential implications for predicting suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals The Combination of Pairwise and Group Interactions Promotes Consensus in Opinion Dynamics

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Liu ◽  
Changwei Huang ◽  
Haihong Li ◽  
Qionglin Dai ◽  
Junzhong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Complete Graph ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Pairwise Interaction ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Bounded Confidence

In complex systems, agents often interact with others in two distinct types of interactions, pairwise interaction and group interaction. The Deffuant–Weisbuch model adopting pairwise interaction and the Hegselmann–Krause model adopting group interaction are the two most widely studied opinion dynamics. In this study, we propose a novel opinion dynamics by combining pairwise and group interactions for agents and study the effects of the combination on consensus in the population. In the model, we introduce a parameter α to control the weights of the two interactions in the dynamics. Through numerical simulations, we find that there exists an optimal α , which can lead to a highest probability of complete consensus and minimum critical bounded confidence for the formation of consensus. Furthermore, we show the effects of α on opinion formation by presenting the observations for opinion clusters. Moreover, we check the robustness of the results on different network structures and find the promotion of opinion consensus by α not limited to a complete graph.

scholarly journals Movement Variability and the Use of Nonlinear Tools: Principles to Guide Physical Therapist Practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina T Harbourne ◽  
Nicholas Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Movement Variability ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Way

Fields studying movement generation, including robotics, psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience, utilize concepts and tools related to the pervasiveness of variability in biological systems. The concepts of variability and complexity and the nonlinear tools used to measure these concepts open new vistas for physical therapist practice and research in movement dysfunction of all types. Because mounting evidence supports the necessity of variability for health and functional movement, this perspective article argues for changes in the way therapists view variability, both in theory and in action. By providing clinical examples, as well as applying existing knowledge about complex systems, the aim of this article is to create a springboard for new directions in physical therapist research and practice.

Vicariance, Complexity, Space

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-68
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Orientation Course ◽  
Space Navigation ◽  
Action Process

The peculiar topic of this research - perspective taking and spatial navigation - has naturally led to cross over the course of the journey other spatial navigation comprehensions. Specifically, during prototype testing, there were several comparisons with another game, Catching Features1, an orienteering game that tackles the theme of space navigation from a different point of view. The point of view is that of Orienteering, a sports orientation course that consists in making a predefined path with the exclusive help of a compass and a topographic map that represents the details of the territory to be covered. The experimental path of this research has shown that cognitive processes involved in peculiar orienteering activities (map reading, spatial thinking) are also involved in the management of intersubjective relations, and make orienteering a sporting practice with considerable educational potential. This chapter develops by introducing the concept of vicariance, quickly describing orienteering as a sport activity, emphasizing links with Italian national guidelines for the first cycle of education, and, basing on revision of the scientific literature on cognitive processes involved in space navigation and the management of spatial reference systems, provides a proposal for the spread of orientation as an effective didactic practice in a training context aimed at inclusion of pupils Present Special Educational Needs. Paragraph 6.6 discusses the link between autism, empathy and perception – action process, according to neuroscientific evidences.

scholarly journals Economic cognitive institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Petracca ◽  
Shaun Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shared Mental Models ◽  
Andy Clark ◽  
The Social ◽  
Douglass North

AbstractThis paper introduces the notion of ‘cognitive’ institution and discusses its relevance to institutional economics. Cognitive institutions are conceptually founded on the philosophy of mind notion of extended mind, broadened to also include the distinctly social, institutional, and normative dimensions. Cognitive institutions are defined as institutions that not just allow agents to perform certain cognitive processes in the social domain but, more importantly, without which some of the agents' cognitive processes would not exist or even be possible. The externalist point of view of the extended mind has already had some influence in institutional economics: Arthur Denzau and Douglass North first introduced the notion of institution understood in terms of ‘shared mental models’, and relatedly philosopher Andy Clark introduced the notion of ‘scaffolding institution’. We discuss shared mental models and scaffolding institutions and go a step further by showing that the notion of cognitive institution can capture more fundamental and salient aspects of economic institutions. In particular, we focus on the market as an economic cognitive institution.

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