PESANTREN DAN PELANGGARAN HAM (Studi Analisa Tentang Ta’zir dalam Pesantren Salafy)

Abstrac Human rights are basic rights that are inherent and universal in human beings. In Indonesia, human rights have been protected by the laws that originate and lead to “Pancasila” . No one can interfere with human rights or eliminate its. In this contemporary era, many practitioners and education thinkers, who analyze about Ta'zir (A punishment) applied to Islamic boarding schools, especially in Islamic boarding schools with typology of salafy. Some people argue that Ta'zir is a form of human rights violations, others say there are not. In this discussion the author tries to provide an analysis related to Ta'zir which is a punishment given to students who violate the rules in the Islamic Boarding School, Is it included in the category of human rights violations that must be eliminated. Or is it just a learning method that aims to provide a deterrent effect on students who break the rules. Keywords: Human Rights, Islamic Boarding School, Ta'zir. Abstrak HAM merupakan hak dasar yang kodratnya melekat pada diri manusia dan bersifat universal serta langgeng. HAM di Indonesia dilindungi oleh UU yang bersumber serta bermuara pada Pancasila. Tidak ada satupun manusia yang boleh mengganggu ataupun menghilangkan hak asasi manusia (HAM). Banyak Praktisi dan pemikir pendidikan dizaman kontemporer ini yang menganalisa tentang Ta’zir (Sebuah hukuman) yang di terapkan pada pondok pesantren terutama pada pesantren yang ber-tipologi salafy. Sebagian berpendapat bahwa ta’zir merupakan salah satu bentuk pelanggaran HAM, sebagian lain mengatakan tidak terdapat pelanggaran HAM. Pada pembahasan ini penulis mencoba untuk memberikan analisa terkait Ta’zir yaitu sebuah hukuman yang diberikan kepada santri yang melanggar aturan dalam Pesantren, apakah termasuk dalam kategori pelanggaran HAM sehingga harus dihapuskan. Ataukah memang hanya sebuah metode pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk memberikan efek jera pada santri pelanggar aturan. Kata Kunci: HAM, Pesantren, Ta’zir.

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PROBLEM DAN SOLUSI ATAS PENERAPAN TA’ZIR DI PESANTREN (Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Al Ibrohimy Galis Bangkalan)

KUTTAB ◽

10.30736/ktb.v4i1.102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mo’tasim; Zaini Tamim AR

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Human Rights ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

Data Sources ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Primary Data ◽

Board Chair ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Alternative Solutions

Initially, the application of ta'zir was considered normal among pesantren and the community. But lately, not a few who argue that ta'zir applied in pesantren is synonymous with violence. This study aims to analyze the problem of applying Ta'zir in Al Ibrohimy Galis Bangkalan Islamic boarding school along with alternative solutions that rely on Human Rights in Indonesia. The author uses descriptive qualitative research, with primary data sources Al Ibrohimy boarding school and board chair, as well as relevant secondary sources. Meanwhile, data collection techniques through observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The findings of this study reveal that ta'zir in Al Ibrohimy Islamic boarding school is a way of disciplining troubled students to obey the rules of Islamic boarding schools. The application of ta'zir is also understood as a means of educating students to have a deterrent effect and not to repeat it. However, ta'zir sometimes makes students become depressed, traumatized and even physically and psychologically ill. Therefore, there must be aware of the pesantren that excessive ta'zir is an act that cannot be fully justified. Thus, all elements of pesantren must have ta'zir options that do not conflict with human rights. Besides, to minimize excessive ta'zir, a reconstruction of the system is needed that provides an alternative punishment for education. So that educational activities in boarding schools run dynamically and humanist

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Pembelajaran Kitab Kuning pada Pondok Pesantren Khusus Al-Halimy Desa Sesela Kabupaten Lombok Barat

JURNAL PENELITIAN KEISLAMAN ◽

10.20414/jpk.v14i1.492 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 72-86

Author(s):

Ar Rasikh Ar Rasikh

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

School Education ◽

Learning Objectives ◽

Learning Method ◽

Learning Methods ◽

Preliminary Research ◽

The Right

Kitab kuning merupakan faktor penting yang menjadi karakteristik Pondok Pesantren (Ponpes). Artikel ini membahas pembelajaran Kitab Kuning di Pondok Khusus Ponpes Al-Halimy Sesela. Pembahasan difokuskan pada metode dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran, serta teknik penilaian setelah pelakasanaan pembelajaran berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pondok Khusus Al-Halimy Sesela menerapkan beberapa metode yang lazimnya digunakan di pondok-pondok Salaf, menggunakan metode klasik, yaitu metode sorogan, bandongan, wetonan, halaqoh, diskusi, demonstrasi, dan tanya jawab. Penerapan metode-metode dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning didasarkan kesesuaian metode yang akan digunakan dengan mata pelajaran yang akan diajarkan. Keberhasilan suatu metode yang diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning di Pondok Khusus Al-Halimy Sesela diukur dengan menggunakan beberapa cara di antaranya adalah dengan menguji secara langsung. Hendaknya tradisi pesantren Salaf tetap dapat dipertahankan dan selanjutnya memasukkan tradisi pesantren khalaf yang lebih baik, pemilihan metode yang tepat guna supaya memberikan dampak positif bagi kemajuan pendidikan pesantren sehingga akan muncul lulusan-lulusan yang betul-betul tafaqquh fi al-din. Title: Learning of Kitab Kuning “Yellow Book” at Special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School In Sesela Village of West Lombok Regency Abstract: The yellow book is an important factor which becomes characteristic of Islamic Boarding Schools. The results of the preliminary research showed that the Special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela only studies classical books or yellow books which are not included in the governmental curriculum. The focuses of the study in this research included: First, it is related to the method used in yellow book learning; Second, it is related to how the application of learning methods is; Third, it is related to how the assessment after the implementation of yellow book learning takes place. The research design used descriptive qualitative. Then the results of the research showed that 1) special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela applies several methods commonly used in Salaf Islamic Boarding Schools which teach yellow books, such as sorogan (individual), wetonan (group), and discussion methods. In addition, the types of methods used still use classical methods, namely the sorogan, bandongan, wetonan, and halaqoh methods, and also there are discussion, demonstration and question and answer methods, 2). The application of methods in yellow book learning is based on the suitability of method to be used with the subjects to be taught. 3). To find out the success level of a method applied in the yellow book learning at special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela is by using several methods including testing directly. The final advice is given to the head of the Special Islamic Boarding School in order to maintain the tradition of the salaf Islamic Boarding School and incorporate the tradition of a better Khalaf Islamic Boarding School in order to give a positive impact on the progress of Islamic Boarding School education so that the graduates who truly understand the religion (tafaqquh fi al-din) will emerge and for the teachers of special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela, they have to be able to choose the right learning method and be able to see what the students need in joining the learning so that the learning objectives can be achieved.

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This Is Your Brain on Human Rights: Moral Enhancement and Human Rights

Law & Ethics of Human Rights ◽

10.1515/lehr-2015-0001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Glenn Cohen

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Science Fiction ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Moral Enhancement ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Alternative Possibility ◽

Human Beings ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Human Brains

Abstract It seems fair to say that human rights law takes the human as given. Human beings are particular kinds of entities with particular kinds of psychologies and propensities, and it is the job of human rights law and human rights enforcement to govern that kind of entity, be it through sanctions, education, incentives, or other mechanisms. More specifically, human rights law takes human brains as given. If humans were different kinds of beings, both the mechanisms of getting compliance and possibly the very rules themselves would be different. The purpose of this essay is to very tentatively start to tie together thinking in neuroscience, bioethics, and human rights law to ask whether human rights law should take the nature of human beings, and more specifically, human brains, as given. I sketch the alternative possibility and examine it from a normative and (to a lesser extent) scientific perspective: instead of merely crafting laws and setting up structures that get human beings such as they are to respect human rights, that the human rights approach should also consider embracing attempts to remake human beings (and more specifically human brains) into the kinds of things that are more respectful of human rights law. This is currently science fiction, but there is some scientific evidence that moral enhancement may one day be possible. I call the alternative “moral enhancement to respect human rights law.” To put the aim of the essay in its mildest form it is to answer the following question: if it becomes possible to use enhancement to increase respect for human rights and fidelity to human rights law (whatever you think is constitutive of those categories), and in particular in a way that reduces serious human rights violations, is it worth “looking into?” Or, by contrast, are the immediate objections to such an endeavor so powerful or hard to refute that going in this direction should be forbidden.

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Telaah Pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid Tentang Pondok Pesantren

Dirosat Journal of Islamic Studies ◽

10.28944/dirosat.v6i1.468 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

M Sufyan Riady ◽

Moh. Wardi

Keyword(s):

School Leadership ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

School Curriculum ◽

School Education ◽

Primary Data ◽

Human Beings ◽

Value System ◽

Depth Analysis

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan Untuk mengetahui konsep pendidikan Pondok Pesantren, bagaimana subkultur dan tata nilai, pola kepemimpinan dan kurikulum pondok pesantren menurut K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. Adapun metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif artinya penelitian yang menggunakan data informasi berbagai macam teori yang diperoleh dari kepustakaan, baik itu diperoleh dari sumber data primer maupun data skunder. Berdasarkan deskripsi atas pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid mengenai pendidikan Pondok Pesantren di atas, setelah penulis lakukan analisis lebih mendalam dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren ialah pendidikan yang didasarkan pada keyakinan religius dan bertujuan untuk membimbing atau menghantarkan peserta didik menjadi manusia yang utuh dan mandiri. Ada tiga elemen yang mampu membentuk pondok pesantren sebagai sebuah subkultur, yaitu: (1) pola kepemimpinan pondok pesantren yang mandiri dan tidak terkoptasi oleh negara, 2) literatur-literatur kitab-kitab kuning sebagai rujukan umum yang selalu digunakan dari berbagai abad, dan 3) sistem nilai yang digunakan adalah bagian dari masyarakat luas. Pola Kepemimpinan Pondok Pesantren bersifat Khirarki dan Kurikulum di pondok pesantren ditujukan untuk “mencetak” ulama di kemudian hari. Kata Kunci: Pemikiran Abdurrahman Wahid, Pondok Pesantren Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the concept of Islamic boarding school education, how subcultures and values, leadership patterns and Islamic boarding school curriculum according to K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. The research method used in writing this thesis is qualitative research, meaning research that uses information data on various theories obtained from the literature, whether it is obtained from primary data sources or secondary data. Based on the description of the thoughts of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid regarding Islamic Boarding School education above, after the author conducted a more in-depth analysis, it can be concluded that Islamic Boarding School Education is education based on religious beliefs and aims to guide or deliver students to become complete and independent human beings. There are three elements that are able to form Islamic boarding schools as a subculture, namely: (1) leadership patterns of Islamic boarding schools that are independent and not co-opted by the state, 2) yellow books literature as general references that are always used from various centuries, and 3. ) the value system used is part of the wider community. The pattern of Islamic boarding school leadership is hierarchical and the curriculum in Islamic boarding schools is intended to "print" ulama in the future. Keywords : Thoughts KH. Abdurrahman Wahid, Islamic Boarding School

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Santoso’s Jihadism, Deradicalization, and Humanization: A Preliminary Investigation on Indonesian Terrorism

KARSA Journal of Social and Islamic Culture ◽

10.19105/karsa.v29i1.3876 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 152-178

Author(s):

Herdi Sahrasad ◽

Al Chaidar ◽

Dedy Tabrani ◽

Teuku Syahrul Ansari ◽

Mai Dar

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Religious Conflict ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Human Beings ◽

Community Groups ◽

The Public ◽

Unity In Diversity ◽

The Way

Indonesia. The rise of acts of terrorism by Santoso at that time makes the public ask: How far is the deradicalization program? Why do the various community groups become more radical and brave against the apparatus/officers who promote the deradicalization program? Humanization leads to the prevention or overcoming of intensification of conflict and escalation of violence, covering the way for human rights violations or acts of genocide. Humanization refers to a strategy designed to reduce the dynamics of conflict that are destructive and face violence, especially terrorism, as the culmination of radicalism. Indonesia is still not free from inter-religious conflict. Religion, which should be eager to spread liberation and peace for our fellow human beings, is just often breached, even disturbing the integrity of Unity in Diversity. Deradicalization also include humanization because it takes the participation of sincere and serious attention.

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Improvements in Moral Concepts and the Human Rights Movement

10.1093/oso/9780190868413.003.0010 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Allen Buchanan

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Modern Human ◽

Human Beings ◽

States Of Affairs ◽

Profound Change ◽

Moral Understanding ◽

Moral Concepts ◽

Basic Rights ◽

Human Rights Movement

This chapter examines several momentous improvements in moral understanding, all of which represent impressive gains in inclusiveness. These changes—all of which are embodied in the modern human rights movement—include expansions in understandings of the domain of justice (the class of beings to whom justice is owed) and in the territory of justice (the kinds of actions and states of affairs that can be just or unjust), a redrawing of the distinction between justice and charity, the extension of a broad set of rights to all human beings, the recognition that some basic rights cannot be forfeited, and a profound change in how morality itself is conceived.

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THE LEARNING METHODS OF PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL: DISCUSSION, EXERCISE, AND MODELING

Jurnal Pena Sains ◽

10.21107/jps.v7i1.6811 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

Asmaúl Lutfauziah ◽

Mimien Henie Irawati Al-Muhdhar ◽

Suhadi Suhadi ◽

Fatchur Rohman

Keyword(s):

Problem Solving ◽

Survey Research ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Learning Method ◽

Problem Solving Skills ◽

Academic Year ◽

Learning Schemes

The objective of this research describes the method of lecturers to teach problem-solving skills. Problem-solving skills is one of the skills needed in the 21st-century learning. Generally, Islamic boarding schools tend to use classic methods such as recitation, Bandongan, Sorogan. The study is survey research. It is a case study at the Islamic boarding school of Jagad ‘Alimussirry in the second semester of the academic year 2016/2017. Students live in Islamic boarding schools every day. The data were obtained through questionnaires and observations. Questionnaires were consisting of 12 items with a statement of Rosenberg's self-esteem scale. It’s given to the 46 students and five lecturers after learning. The respondents were randomly chosen. The study also conducted observations at the time of learning in 5 courses. Two observers made the observations. The results showed that the problem-solving skills had been taught with a "good enough" category. The learning method is discussion, exercise, and modeling. It is done with 5 phases of problem-solving. The findings are three methods to teach problem-solving skills in the Islamic boarding school. It is a discussion, exercise, and modeling with five problem-solving phases and six learning schemes. Therefore, this study can be used as consideration for education practitioners on how to teach problem-solving skills in Islamic boarding schools. Indonesia has 28 thousand Islamic boarding schools. In addition, this becomes a frequent correction to repair the learning of problem skills in Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia.

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Certification of fisheries human rights and its impact to protecting the rights of fishing vessel crew

Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY ◽

10.22219/ljih.v29i1.14652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 63-81

Author(s):

Muhammad Nur ◽

M. Hajir Susanto

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Human Beings ◽

Fishing Vessel ◽

Literature Study ◽

Indonesian Seas ◽

Fishing Boat ◽

Fishing Vessels ◽

The Government ◽

Cooperation System

The crew of fishing vessels is human beings, the absolute owners of human rights that have been universally recognized. To anticipate and overcome many human rights violations in the Indonesian seas, the Government, through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries issued a Regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Number 35 of 2015 concerning Fisheries Human Rights Systems and Certification. This research further describes how the provisions of the fisheries' human rights certification and analyzes their impact on protecting human rights for fishing vessel crews in Indonesia. The author uses a normative juridical research method by examining library materials or other secondary materials. The data collection method used is a literature study. The tools used are documents in the form of primary, secondary, and non-legal legal materials. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and then presented descriptively. This study found that there are various forms of human rights violations against fishing boat crews. Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries then enforces regulation to prevent human rights violations by business actors against fishing vessel crews. There are several weaknesses in regulations and implementations, namely weaknesses in wage system arrangements, limited regulatory targets, the involvement of workers and employers' representatives in the fisheries human rights team that is not clear, weaknesses of the coordinating system for fisheries human rights teams with supervisors employment, weaknesses of fisheries human rights assessment institutions, weaknesses of socialization for employers and workers. The author suggests that it is necessary to strengthen the coordination and cooperation system between ministries in implementing Fisheries Human Rights Regulations. It also needs to improve communication and dissemination of policies and regulations to stakeholders.

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PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAK SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN NGALAH SENGONAGUNG

Multicultural Islamic Education ◽

10.35891/ims.v3i1.1742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 27-40

Author(s):

Sifa ◽

Muhammad Nurhadi

Keyword(s):

Multicultural Education ◽

Life Stage ◽

Field Research ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

Religious Communities ◽

Primary Data ◽

Human Beings ◽

Qualitative Phenomenological

This research is motivated by the diversity of Indonesia's multicultural, ethnic and religious communities, as well as multiculturalism. Islamic education that touches on the aspect of morality is Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools are institutions that istiqamah still maintain the tradition of peace, balance and harmony and continue to develop the principle s of ukhuwahIslamiyah, wathaniyah, and basyariyah in an effort to strengthen the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This type of research is qualitative phenomenological field research. The data in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. While the technique of collecting data through {a} observation, {b} interview, and {c} documentation. To test the credibility of the data the author uses the data source triangulation technique. Then the data analysis is carried out at the beginning of the research to the conclusion. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that: first, the principle of planting multicultural education in the Ngalah Islamic boarding school is rahmatanlil’alamin {protector for all circles}. Second, the implementation of planting multicultural education in the Islamic boarding school Ngalahala NU which includes 3 morals, namely Wathaniyah {Polite towards the State}, Insaniyah {Compassionate towards fellow human beings}, and Islamiyah {polite to fellow Muslims} and cling to the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution , through habituation of attitudes, among others: a) Religious (religious), b) Humanist (humanity), c) Nationalist, d) democracye)tolerance with exemplary media caregiver, orientation of new santri, ta'lim ad diniyah, dormitory life, stage art and halaqoh. It was proven by the enthusiasm and istiqomah attitude of the santri in participating in the pesantren activities that had been scheduled starting daily, weekly, monthly and yearly.

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HAK ASASI MANUSIA: Perspektif Islam

El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI) ◽

10.18860/el.v2i1.4726 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Zainul Mahmudi

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Human Life ◽

The State ◽

Human Existence ◽

Human Beings ◽

Basic Rights ◽

Rights Issues

Along with the advancement of human civilization, conversations concerning human rights issues will not subside in time, because the parameters of a civilized nation is if a civilization has been able to put people in proportion, can "humanize" humans. Human rights are of the utmost importance, because human beings can be real human beings if their basic rights are fulfilled and guaranteed after fulfilling their obligations. The denial of human rights implies the denial of human existence which Allah says is used as khalifah fil al ardh. In order to support the universality of Islam and the position of Islam as rahmatan Iil Alamin, the Koran regulates all aspects of human life in all its deeds, both the deeds of the heart and the physical deeds, whether in relation to the faith, ethics, and practical both governing relationships between individuals and individuals, with society, individuals with the state, individuals with the environment, and individuals with their God. Seiring dengan kemajuan peradaban manusia, perbincangan yang menyangkut permasalahan hak asasi manusia tidak akan surut tertelan zaman, karena parameter suatu bangsa yang beradab adalah apabila suatu peradaban telah dapat mendudukkan manusia secara proporsional, bisa "memanusiakan" manusia. Hak asasi manusia menjadi sangat penting, karena manusia bisa menjadi manusia yang sebenamya apabila hak asasinya telah terpenuhi dan terjamin setelah menunaikan kewajibannya. Pengingkaran terhadap hak asasi manusia berarti pengingkaran terhadap eksistensi manusia yang kata Allah dijadikan sebagai khalifah fil al ardh. Dalam rangka mendukung universalitas Islam dan posisi Islam sebagai rahmatan Iil Alamin, Quran mengatur semua aspek kehidupan manusia dalam segala perbuatannya, baik perbuatan hati maupun perbuatan fisik, baik yang berkenaan dengan itikad, etika, maupun praktis, baik yang mengatur hubungan antar individu dengan individu, dengan masyarakat, individu dengan negara, individu dengan lingkungan, maupun individu dengan Tuhannya.

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