scholarly journals Anticancer effects of garlic and garlic-derived bioactive compounds and its potential status as functional food

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacky Zong ◽  
Danik M. Martirosyan
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Effects

Background: Garlic, or Allium savitum, has long been used to treat various diseases, including cancer. The anticancer effects of garlic are linked to the several garlic-derived organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, ajoene, DAS, DADS, DATS, and SAMC. Animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that garlic bioactive compounds may prevent cancer through mechanisms such as inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis in different cancer cells. Observational studies, including case-control and cohort studies, have been conducted to confirm the protective effect against colorectal, gastric, and other cancers associated with garlic-derived bioactive compounds and raw garlic consumption, but results have been mixed. Analysis of cell and animal model studies and epidemiological studies using the FDA’s evidence-based review system for health claims and FFC’s proposed standard for evaluating and developing functional food, it has been concluded that garlic cannot yet be considered as a functional food primarily due to the inconclusive data from observational studies and insufficient evidence from randomized clinical trials. Keywords: Garlic, cancer, allicin, bioactive compound, functional food

scholarly journals In VitroWound Healing Potential and Identification of Bioactive Compounds fromMoringa oleiferaLam

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar Amali Muhammad ◽  
Nur Aimi Syarina Pauzi ◽  
Palanisamy Arulselvan ◽  
Faridah Abas ◽  
Sharida Fakurazi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Bioactive Fraction ◽  
Hdf Cells

Moringa oleiferaLam. (M. oleifera) from the monogeneric familyMoringaceaeis found in tropical and subtropical countries. The present study was aimed at exploring thein vitrowound healing potential ofM. oleiferaand identification of active compounds that may be responsible for its wound healing action. The study included cell viability, proliferation, and wound scratch test assays. Different solvent crude extracts were screened, and the most active crude extract was further subjected to differential bioguided fractionation. Fractions were also screened and most active aqueous fraction was finally obtained for further investigation. HPLC and LC-MS/MS analysis were used for identification and confirmation of bioactive compounds. The results of our study demonstrated that aqueous fraction ofM. oleiferasignificantly enhanced proliferation and viability as well as migration of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells compared to the untreated control and other fractions. The HPLC and LC-MS/MS studies revealed kaempferol and quercetin compounds in the crude methanolic extract and a major bioactive compound Vicenin-2 was identified in the bioactive aqueous fraction which was confirmed with standard Vicenin-2 using HPLC and UV spectroscopic methods. These findings suggest that bioactive fraction ofM. oleiferacontaining Vicenin-2 compound may enhance faster wound healingin vitro.

scholarly journals Analysis of contemporary epidemiological study research design formats on addressing functional food efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Pooja Agarwal ◽  
Emma Rutter ◽  
Danik M Martirosyan
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Research

The entirety of this particular review article demonstrates an in-depth analysis of the overall functionality of nutritional functional foods, imperative bioactive compounds, and essential biomarkers within the metabolic pathway and in chronic disease progression. Specifically, this review article assesses the efficacy of a plethora of functional foods and their associated bioactive compounds via the interpretation of epidemiological research studies that were conducted in the following design formats: cohort design, case-control design, cross-sectional design, and randomized controlled trial design. Although there has been a source of ambiguity demonstrated by food scientists and government organizations surrounding what would be the standard definition of functional food, this review article attempts to advocate for a contemporary definition that acknowledges the primary attributes of present-day functional food. Having said this, the main intention of this review article is to help address the necessity of analyzing the overarching efficacy of specific functional foods via the analysis of different retrospective epidemiological studies. Moreover, this review article will acknowledge which specific epidemiological study research design format is most applicable in the evaluation of functional food products within upcoming epidemiological studies. Ultimately, food scientists and nutritionists alike will get the opportunity to develop an all-encompassing contemporary definition for functional food upon the recognition and incorporation of different epidemiological study research design formats in a timely and cost-effective manner. KEYWORDS: Functional food, bioactive compounds, biomarkers, epidemiology, cohort design, case-control design, cross-sectional design, and randomized controlled trial design.

scholarly journals It’s Time for New Treatments in Pancreatic Cancer Pathology

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ramona Crişan ◽  
Mihaela Aldea ◽  
Gabriel Kacso
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Summary Relative Risk

Abstract Background and aims: The objective of this study was to conclude if there are enough scientific evidences to consider metformin as a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer. Material and Method: We performed a systematic search using PubMed and MedlinePlus up to September 2012. Reference list of relevant peer reviewed literature were hand searched. Ultimately 15 articles were included. Results: Epidemiological studies had revealed that therapy with metformin was associated with 21% reduced risk for all types of malignancies, 31% reduction in overall summary relative risk, the median survival was longer: 16.6 vs. 11.5 months and the risk of death has decreased with 33%. In vitro it was proven that low doses of metformin block the stimulation of DNA synthesis and the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells. Prospective randomized clinical trials to confirm these data were already launched. Conclusions: These results raise the possibility that metformin could improve the poor prognostic of patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. Other clinical trials should confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Status of Bioactive Compounds from Bran of Pigmented Traditional Rice Varieties and Their Scope in Production of Medicinal Food with Nutraceutical Importance

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Farhan Mohiuddin Bhat ◽  
Sarana Rose Sommano ◽  
Charanjit Singh Riar ◽  
Phisit Seesuriyachan ◽  
Thanongsak Chaiyaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Research Advance ◽  
High Benefit

Consumption of pigmented rice as a staple food is rapidly increasing due to their healthy prospective and considered as functional food ingredients. Greater interest has been shown in many color rice varieties due to their multiple biological activities. The phenolic compounds have been found to consist of anthocyanidins, ferulic acid, diferulates, anthocyanins and polymeric proanthocyanidins. Anthocyanin is located in the bran layers of the rice kernel, while phenolic acids are mainly present in the bran layers of rice, existing as free, conjugated and bound forms. Keeping in view the several health benefits associated with the functional ingredients, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anticancer effects, pigmented rice is considered as a functional food and food ingredient in many Asian countries. The application and incorporation of bran into food products for the preparation of functional foods is increasing. Within the scope of this review, we highlighted the significant bioactive compounds from pigmented rice varieties and their potentials for medicinal and nutraceutical ingredients. The information provided from this could be of high benefit to the functional food industry and further research advance medicinal products.

scholarly journals Relationships among Inorganic Arsenic, Nutritional Status CpG Methylation and microRNAs: A Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 251686572198971
Author(s):  
Abhishek Venkatratnam ◽  
Carmen A Marable ◽  
Arjun M Keshava ◽  
Rebecca C Fry
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Health Organization

Inorganic arsenic is a naturally occurring toxicant that poses a significant and persistent challenge to public health. The World Health Organization has identified many geographical regions where inorganic arsenic levels exceed safe limits in drinking water. Numerous epidemiological studies have associated exposure to inorganic arsenic with increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Randomized clinical trials have shown that nutritional supplementation can mitigate or reduce exacerbation of exposure-related effects. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that epigenetic status influences toxicity, the relationships among environmental exposure to arsenic, nutrition, and the epigenome are not well detailed. This review provides a comprehensive summary of findings from human, rodent, and in vitro studies highlighting these interactive relationships.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Digestion of Persimmon and Derived Products: A Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3083
Author(s):  
Cristina M. González ◽  
Isabel Hernando ◽  
Gemma Moraga
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Functional Components

The link between nutrition and health has focused on the strategy of diet-based programs to deal with various physiological threats, such as cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress, and diabetes. Therefore, the consumption of fruits and vegetables as a safeguard for human health is increasingly important. Among fruits, the intake of persimmon is of great interest because several studies have associated its consumption with health benefits due to its high content of bioactive compounds, fiber, minerals, and vitamins. However, during digestion, some changes take place in persimmon nutritional compounds that condition their subsequent use by the human body. In vitro studies indicate different rates of recovery and bioaccessibility depending on the bioactive compound and the matrix in which they are found. In vivo studies show that the pharmacological application of persimmon or its functional components, such as proanthocyanidins, can help to prevent hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Thus, persimmon and persimmon derived products have the potential to be a fruit recommended for diet therapy. This review aims to compile an updated review of the benefits of persimmon and its derived products, focusing on the in vitro and in vivo digestibility of the main nutrients and bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Nanofiber Systems as Herbal Bioactive Compounds Carriers: Current Applications in Healthcare

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Kathya Huesca-Urióstegui ◽  
Elsy J. García-Valderrama ◽  
Janet A. Gutierrez-Uribe ◽  
Marilena Antunes-Ricardo ◽  
Daniel Guajardo-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Healthcare Applications

Nanofibers have emerged as a potential novel platform due to their physicochemical properties for healthcare applications. Nanofibers’ advantages rely on their high specific surface-area-to-volume and highly porous mesh. Their peculiar assembly allows cell accommodation, nutrient infiltration, gas exchange, waste excretion, high drug release rate, and stable structure. This review provided comprehensive information on the design and development of natural-based polymer nanofibers with the incorporation of herbal medicines for the treatment of common diseases and their in vivo studies. Natural and synthetic polymers have been widely used for the fabrication of nanofibers capable of mimicking extracellular matrix structure. Among them, natural polymers are preferred because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and similarity with extracellular matrix proteins. Herbal bioactive compounds from natural extracts have raised special interest due to their prominent beneficial properties in healthcare. Nanofiber properties allow these systems to serve as bioactive compound carriers to generate functional matrices with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic, anti-viral, and other properties which have been studied in vitro and in vivo, mostly to prove their wound healing capacity and anti-inflammation properties.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Nutritional Traits, and Antioxidant Properties of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fruits: Exploiting a Potential Functional Food for Food Security on the Comoros Islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toilibou Soifoini ◽  
Dario Donno ◽  
Victor Jeannoda ◽  
Ernest Rakotoniaina ◽  
Soule Hamidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Cinnamic Acids ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Comoros Union presents a considerable biodiversity of food resources that are neglected or still not valorised, as breadfruit. This study aimed to evaluating nutritional and nutraceutical traits of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg by characterizing its main bioactive compounds, nutritional traits, and antioxidant properties in order to contribute to the development of traditional and innovative uses of this species as functional food (e.g., infant flour). Bioactive compound composition, antioxidant properties, protein and sugar content, lipids, fibre, and macro- and microelements were observed in these fruits after a specific drying process. Breadfruit showed positive nutritional traits. The main identified phenolic groups were cinnamic acids (with a maximum of 51.88 ± 2.63 mg/100 gDW for chlorogenic acid) and tannins. The highest value of antioxidant activity was 6.40 ± 1.02 mmol·Fe2+/kgDW. This preliminary phytochemical investigation may provide a contribution to the identification and quantification of lead compounds responsible for traditional nutritional and therapeutic claims.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION OF ADENOSINE AND CORDYCEPIN FROM SPENT SOLID MEDIUM OF MEDICINE FUNGI CORDYCESP MILITARIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4A) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
NGUYEN Tiến Thành
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Recovery Yield ◽  
Silk Worm

The fungiCordyceps spp. which have been known as Dong Trung Ha Thao and their secondary metabolites cordycepin and adenosine, in recent years, attracted a great effort from many research not only in exploitation of new species but also the artificial cultivation and extraction of bioactive compounds for application in functional food.  Cordyceps militarisis nowadays successful domesticated and cultivated in artificial solid medium including rice, silk -worm, coconut milk and minerals. Apart from main products of fruiting body of fungi, the spent solid medium also is considered as valuable due to the high content of bioactive compound remained. This part is normally used for making liquor after a long incubation with food-grade ethanol. In this study, with the aim to obtain the concentrate of bioactive compounds with less time used, several methods of extraction and concentration were performed with the residual solid medium using ethanol with and without the support of heat and ultrasonic. It was shown that, by using 50% of ethanol, adenosine and cordycepin could effectively thermal – extracted at 65oC for 6h.  By vacuum evaporation, the concentration of two those compounds was increased 10 times with high recovery yield, facilitating for further usage. 

scholarly journals Anticancer effects and lysosomal acidification in A549 cells by astaxanthin from Haematococcus lacustris

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 965-973
Author(s):  
K Ramamoorthy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Induce Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Haematococcus Lacustris ◽  
Lysosomal Acidification

Astaxanthin (AXN) is known to have health benefits by epidemiological studies. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the effect of AXN (derived from indigenous unicellular green alga Haematococcus lacustris) to modulate cell cycle arrest, lysosomal acidification and eventually apoptosis using in vitro in A549 lung cancer cells. Natural extracts of astaxanthin were obtained by standardized methods as reported earlier and characterized by standard HPLC and MS. Treatment of A549 cells with AXN (purified fraction) showed significant reduction in cell viability (about 50%) as compared to crude extract at 50µM concentration. Thus, we show the anticancer effects and lysosomal acidification in A549 cells by Astaxanthin from Haematococcus lacustris for further consideration. Together, our results demonstrated the anticancer potential of AXN from Haematococcus lacustris, which is found to be mediated via its ability to induce cell cycle arrest, lysosomal acidification and apoptotic induction.

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