scholarly journals Load bearing capacity of thin-walled rectangular and I-shaped steel sections of short both empty and concrete-filled columns

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Amor Bouaricha ◽  
Naoual Handel ◽  
Aziza Boutouta ◽  
Sarah Djouimaa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Columns ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Specimen Height ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Thin Walled

In this experimental work, strength results obtained on short columns subjected to concentric loads are presented. The specimens used in the tests have made of cold-rolled, thin-walled steel. Twenty short columns of the same cross-section area and wall thickness have been tested as follows: 8 empty and 12 filled with ordinary concrete. In the aim to determine the column section geometry with the highest resistance, three different types of cross-sections have been compared: rectangular, I-shaped unreinforced and, reinforced with 100 mm spaced transversal links. The parameters studied are the specimen height and the cross-sectional steel geometry. The registered experimental results have been compared to the ultimate loads intended by Eurocode 3 for empty columns and by Eurocode 4 for compound columns. These results showed that a concrete-filled composite column had improved strength compared to the empty case. Among the three cross-section types, it has been found that I-section reinforced is the most resistant than the other two sections. Moreover, the load capacity and mode of failure have been influenced by the height of the column. Also, it had noted that the experimental strengths of the tested columns don’t agree well with the EC3 and EC4 results.

scholarly journals Exact Longitudinal Vibration Characteristics of Rods with Variable Cross-Sections

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Yardimoglu ◽  
Levent Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Longitudinal Vibration ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Sinusoidal Functions

Longitudinal natural vibration frequencies of rods (or bars) with variable cross-sections are obtained from the exact solutions of differential equation of motion based on transformation method. For the rods having cross-section variations as power of the sinusoidal functions ofax+b, the differential equation is reduced to associated Legendre equation by using the appropriate transformations. Frequency equations of rods with certain cross-section area variations are found from the general solution of this equation for different boundary conditions. The present solutions are benchmarked by the solutions available in the literature for the special case of present cross-sectional variations. Moreover, the effects of cross-sectional area variations of rods on natural characteristics are studied with numerical examples.

An Analytical Method of Analyzing the Heat Conduction for the Unequal Cross-Section Straight Fin

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1211-1216
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Peng Yun Song
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The cross-section area of straight fin is often considered to be equal in the thermal analyses of straight fin, but sometimes it is unequalin actual situation. Taking a straight fin with two unequal cross-sectional areas as an example,an analytical method of heat conduction for unequal section straight fin is presented. The analytical expressions of temperature field and heat dissipating capacity about the fin,which has a smaller cross-section area near the fin base and a larger one, is obtained respectively. The calculation results of the unequal cross-section are fully consistent with the equal area one, so the method is proved right. The results show that the larger the cross section areanear the base,the better is the heat transfer, and the temperature at the base with larger cross-section area is lower than that with smaller cross-section area when the amount of heat is fixed.

Cross Section Optimization of Plane Truss among Different Spans

2014 ◽  
Vol 679 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumayah Abdulsalam Mustafa ◽  
Mohd Zulham Affandi bin Mohd Zahid ◽  
Md.Hadli bin Abu Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Cross Section Shape ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Section Shape ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Research Show

Cross sectional areas optimization is to be implemented to study the influence of the cross section shape on the optimum truss weight. By the aid of analysis and design engines with advanced finite element analysis that is the steel design software STAAD. Four rolled steel sections (angle, tube, channel, and pipe) which are used in industrial roof trusses are applied for comparison. Many previous studies, use the areas of cross sections as design variables without highlight to the shape of cross section at the start of the process, consequently the result area will be adequate if the designer choose the effective shape than others. Results of this research show that the chosen cross section shape has a significant impact on the optimum truss weight for same geometry of truss type under the same circumstances of loading and supports.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of cutting layer in internal corners milling

Mechanik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 412-414
Author(s):  
Jan Burek ◽  
Rafał Flejszar ◽  
Barbara Jamuła
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Stability

The analytical and numerical model of the cross-section of the machined layer in the process of milling of concave rounding is presented. Simulation tests were carried out to determine the cross-sectional area of the cutting layer. A strategy has been developed that allows to increase the stability of the cross-section area of the cutting layer when the mill enters the inner corner area.

scholarly journals AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL LAYER COUPLING FAILURE CHARACTERISTICS ON NATURAL GRASSLAND BY PASSIVE SUBSOILER-TYPE OPENERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changbin He ◽  
Yong You ◽  
Decheng Wang ◽  
Hongjian Wu ◽  
Bingnan Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Draft Force ◽  
Natural Grassland

Unclear soil layer coupling failure characteristics on natural grassland impeded the design and optimization of appropriate tillage tools. The coupling failure characteristics including surface disturbance and profile, disturbed cross-section area, soil over-turning rate, and coupling forces between the soil layer of natural grassland and selected passive subsoiler-type openers were investigated in this paper. Three single-shoot openers (i.e. CO, AO and WAO) and a test unit were designed, and furrow opening experiments under different working depths were conducted. Results showed that, along the passages, U-shaped disturbed cross-sections were usually created with soil-root clods overturned along the furrows. The roots were usually broken in a pulling or dragging way underground. Both disturbed cross-section area and draft force values increased with the working depth increasing linearly (R2≥0.93), contrary to the tendency of the specific draft force with the depth. Winged opener (i.e. WAO) had larger draft forces and disturbed soil layer cross-section areas than no-winged openers (i.e. AO and CO). The soil layer failure processes of the natural grassland were affected by its composite soil layer structure and the geometry parameters of the openers. The results provide original references for designing novel furrow openers applicable to improve degraded natural grassland.

A unified procedure for the vibration analysis of elastically restrained Timoshenko beams with variable cross sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Wen L. Li ◽  
Wanyou Li ◽  
Zhihua Feng ◽  
Junfang Ni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Timoshenko Beams ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Elastically Restrained

A generalized analytical method is developed for the vibration analysis of Timoshenko beams with elastically restrained ends. For a beam with any variable cross section along the lengthwise direction, the finite element method is the only unified approach to handle those kinds of problems, since the analytical solutions could not be obtained by the governing equations when the cross section area and the second moment of area changing variably lengthwise. In this article, a unified approach is proposed to study the Timoshenko beam with any variable cross sections. The cross section area and second moment of area of the beam are both expanded into cosine series, which are mathematically capable of representing any variable cross section. The translational displacement and rotation of cross section are expressed in the Fourier series by adding some admissible functions which are used to handle the elastic boundary conditions with more accuracy and high convergence rate. By using Hamilton's principle, the eigenvalues and the coefficients of the Fourier series are both obtained. Some examples are presented to illustrate the excellent accuracy of this method. Analytical solutions of the vibration of the beam are achieved for different combinations of boundary conditions including classical and elastically restrained ones. The derived results can be used as benchmark solutions for testing approximate or numerical methods used for the vibration analysis of Timoshenko beams with any variable cross section.

Comparative Study of Steel Beam Column Connection under Cyclic Loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
S. Anisha ◽  
Dhanya Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Beam Section ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Beam Section ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Stress And Deformation

A structure is an assembly of various elements or components which are fastened together through some type of connections. Steel beam column connection may fail due to large earth quake. Plastic hinge formation is the main failure of a steel beam column connection. There are two methods for improving the steel beam column connection (i) connection reinforcement/strengthening (ii) beam weakening by reducing the cross-sectional area of the beam at a certain distance from the connection. When reducing the cross section area plastic hinge is formed away from column face. The main objective of this study is to compare reduced beam section (RBS) and reduced web section (RWS) pattern and find out the location of plastic hinge. For steel beam column plastic hinge is located near column. When reducing the cross section area the location of plastic hinge will shift from the column. Aim of this project is to locate the position of plastic hinge apart from column face, and also evaluate the stress and deformation.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ELASTIC BRIDGE TRUSSES / TAMPRIŲ TILTO SANTVARŲ OPTIMIZAVIMAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-512
Author(s):  
Ignas Rimkus ◽  
Šarūnas Kisevičius ◽  
Stanislovas Kalanta
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Branch And Bound Method ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Steel Sections

The article analyzes the problems of optimizing elastic bridgetrusses, which is a tool for seeking the establishment of theminimum volume (mass) of construction and optimization of thecross-section area and height as well as the structure of the truss.It has been formulated as a nonlinear discrete mathematical programmingproblem. The upper band of the truss works not onlyfor compression but also for bending. The cross-sections of theelements are designed from rolled steel sections. Mathematicalmodels are prepared by using the finite element method and complyingwith requirements for the strength, stiffness and stabilityof the structure. The formulated problems are solved referringto an iterative process and applying the mathematical softwarepackage “MATLAB” along with routine “fmincon”. The ratio ofbuckling is corrected in every case of iteration. Requirementsfor cross-section assortment (discretion) are fulfilled employingthe branch and bound method. Santrauka Darbe nagrinėjami tamprių tilto santvarų optimizavimo uždaviniai, kuriais siekiama nustatyti minimalų konstrukcijos tūrį (masę), optimizuojant strypų skerspjūvius, santvaros aukštį bei tinklelio struktūrą. Jie formuluojami kaip netiesiniai diskrečiojo matematinio programavimo uždaviniai. Santvaros viršutinės juostos elementai ne tik gniuždomieji elementai, bet ir lenkiamieji. Strypų skerspjūviai projektuojami iš plieninių valcuotųjų profiliuočių. Uždavinių matematiniai modeliai sudaromi taikant baigtinių elementų metodą ir atsižvelgiant į konstrukcijos stiprumo, standumo bei pastovumo reikalavimus. Suformuluoti uždaviniai sprendžiamai iteraciniu būdu, naudojant matematinį kompiuterinį paketą MATLAB ir jo paprogramį fmincon. Kiekvienoje iteracijoje koreguojami gniuždomųjų elementų klupumo koeficientai. Skerspjūvių sortimento (diskretiškumo) reikalavimai užtikrinami taikant šakų ir rėžių metodą.

scholarly journals Saint-Venant’s torsion of thin-walled nonhomogeneous open elliptical cross section

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
István Ecsedi ◽  
Ákos József Lengyel ◽  
Attila Baksa ◽  
Dávid Gönczi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Torsional Rigidity ◽  
Elliptical Cross Section ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinates ◽  
Torsion Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elliptical Cross ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The One

This paper deals with the Saint-Venant’s torsion of thin-walled isotropic nonhomogeneous open elliptical cross section whose shear modulus depends on the one of the curvilinear coordinates which define the cross-sectional area of the beam. The approximate solution of torsion problem is obtained by variational method. The usual simplification assumptions are used to solve the uniform torsion problem of bars with thin-walled elliptical cross-sections. An example illustrates the application of the derived formulae of shearing stress and torsional rigidity.

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