scholarly journals A Local-Global Analysis Method for Arctic Drilling Riser Suffering from Ice Load

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahui Liu ◽  
Yao Teng ◽  
Shoujun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Polar Region ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Collision Response

As world energy consumption intensifies, the oil and gas exploitation technology in the polar region are drawing more and more attention. However, due to the harsh environment, the oil and gas exploitation operation in the polar region are faced with enormous challenges, such as low temperature and sea ice collision, etc. This paper mainly focuses on the structural strength and integrity study of the arctic drilling riser suffering from the floe collision loading. First, the discrete element software IceDEM is employed to develop a local drilling riser - sea ice interaction model subjected to the floe collision loading in the splash zone, and the corresponding dynamic collision response between the drilling riser and the floe ice could be calculated and acquired. Then, a global drilling riser model is built within the framework of general finite element analysis software ABAQUS to investigate the dynamic behavior of the arctic drilling riser in the polar environment, and the dynamic collision loading derived from IceDEM simulation is also introduced in this global model. Finally, the dynamic responses of the arctic drilling riser based on the finite element simulation are investigated to research the riser’s security and integrity, which can provide reference for the design and application of the drilling riser in the polar region.

Formulation of 3D Soil Springs for Pipe Stress Analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Barrett ◽  
Ryan Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Frictional Interface ◽  
Vertical Bearing ◽  
Single Pipe ◽  
Axial Resistance ◽  
Stress Analyses

Abstract Interdependence between pipe-soil interaction springs in a pipe stress analysis should be considered. This example focused on a single pipe configuration “wished” in place in a clay soil. A conventional pipe stress analyses often idealizes the pipe soil interaction with a beam-spring finite element model where independence is assumed between reactions in axial, lateral and vertical directions. There is however interdependence between these springs as recognized in recent Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) guidelines. For a frictional interface, axial resistance can be much higher than indicated by PRCI guidelines when accounting for increased lateral and vertical bearing pressure. At the same time, lateral and vertical capacities are shown to be reduced in comparison to pure vertical and lateral loading directions. This paper highlights the development of a 3D soil-spring interaction model based on a continuum finite element analysis approach. By developing a soil capacity envelope based on 3D continuum modeling, updated soil springs can reflect modified capacities depending on the direction of pipe movement. For the landslide scenarios considered in application of the model, the directional dependency is shown to change the accumulated plastic strain profile in the pipe.

Pipeline Dent Management Program

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Ironside ◽  
L. Blair Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Past

Enbridge Pipelines Inc. operates the world’s longest and most complex liquids pipeline network. As part of Enbridge’s Integrity Management Program In-Line Inspections have been and will continue to be conducted on more than 15,000 km of pipeline. The Inspection Programs have included using the most technologically advanced geometry tools in the world to detect geometrical discontinuities such as ovality, dents, and buckles. During the past number of years, Enbridge Pipelines Inc. has been involved in developing a method of evaluating the suitability of dents in pipelines for continued service. The majority of the work involved the development of a method of modeling the stresses within a dent using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The development and validation of this model was completed by Fleet Technology Limited (FTL) through several projects sponsored by Enbridge, which included field trials and comparisons to previously published data. This model combined with proven fracture mechanics theory provides a method of determining a predicted life of a dent based on either the past or future operating conditions of the pipeline. CSA Standard Z662 – Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems provides criteria for the acceptability of dents for continued service. There have been occurrences, however, where dents that meet the CSA acceptability criteria have experienced failure. The dent model is being used to help define shape characteristics in addition to dent depth, the only shape factor considered by CSA, which contribute to dent failure. The dent model has also been utilized to validate the accuracy of current In-Line Inspection techniques. Typically a dent will lose some of its shape as the overburden is lifted from the pipeline and after the indentor is removed. Often there can be a dramatic “re-rounding” that will occur. The work included comparing the re-rounded dent shapes from a Finite Element model simulating the removal of the constraint on the pipe to the measured dent profile from a mold of the dent taken in the field after it has been excavated. This provided a measure of the accuracy of the tool. This paper will provide an overview of Enbridge’s dent management program, a description of the dent selection process for the excavation program, and a detailed review of the ILI validation work.

Finite Element Analysis of Casing Material Behavior in Steam Injection Well Operations

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Abhilash M. Bharadwaj ◽  
Sonny Irawan ◽  
Saravanan Karuppanan ◽  
Mohamad Zaki bin Abdullah ◽  
Ismail bin Mohd Saaid
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Element Analysis

Casing design is one of the most important parts of the well planning in the oil and gas industry. Various factors affecting the casing material needs to be considered by the drilling engineers. Wells partaking in thermal oil recovery processes undergo extreme temperature variation and this induces high thermal stresses in the casings. Therefore, forecasting the material behavior and checking for failure mechanisms becomes highly important. This paper uses Finite Element Methods to analyze the behavior two of the frequently used materials for casing - J55 and L80 steels. Modeling the casing and application of boundary conditions are performed through Ansys Workbench. Effect of steam injection pressure and temperature on the materials is presented in this work, indicating the possibilities of failure during heating cycle. The change in diameter of the casing body due to axial restriction is also presented. This paper aims to draw special attention towards the casing design in high temperature conditions of the well.

Dynamic Analysis of Large-Scale Power House

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 837-840
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Shu Fang Yuan ◽  
Jian Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Power House ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The underwater structure of power house is major structure under the dynamic loads of unit. The vibration problem is very common in operation. So the structures should have sufficient stiffness to resist dynamic loads of unit. This paper establishes three-dimensional finite element models with finite element analysis software—ANSYS. Dynamic characteristics of the power house and dynamic responses of structure under earthquake are analyzed. The results of the computation show that fluid-solid coupling may be ignored when studying dynamic characteristics of structures of the underground power house.

A Screening Methodology to Rapidly Reduce ILI Data, Visualise and Determine Most Detrimental Defects in Pipelines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas O. Larrosa ◽  
Pablo Lopez-Crespo ◽  
Robert A. Ainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Starting Point

The amount of data requiring detailed analysis from that obtained during in-line inspection (ILI)is reduced by a screening methodology. The methodology uses ILI outputs (dimensions of flaws, orientation and distance from starting point) to generate a visualisation of the pits within the pipeline, a ranking of pits in terms of sphericity (roundness) and depth, to evaluate pit density and generate the models for finite element analysis. The rendering tool allows a clearer view of defects within the pipelines and provides a simplified way to focus on critical pits. For a particular case of in-field data provided by BP, the number of pits in a 12-inch riser of 11 km length was reduced from 1750 obtained to 43, 15 or 4 requiring analysis, depending on the level of conservatism introduced by the analyst. The tool will allow Oil and Gas owners and operators to reduce the immense amount of data obtained during pigging to a much less time-consuming set for flaw assessment.

Design of the Full Scale Experiments for the Testing of the Tensile Strain Capacity of X52 Pipes With Girth Weld Flaws Under Internal Pressure and Tensile Displacement

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celal Cakiroglu ◽  
Samer Adeeb ◽  
J. J. Roger Cheng ◽  
Millan Sen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Strain Capacity ◽  
Tensile Strain Capacity

Pipelines can be subjected to significant amounts of tensile forces due to geotechnical movements like slope instabilities and seismic activities as well as due to frost heave and thaw cycles in arctic regions. The tensile strain capacity εtcrit of pipelines is crucial in the prediction of rupture and loss of containment capability in these load cases. Currently the Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems code CSA Z662-11 0 contains equations for the prediction of εtcrit as a function of geometry and material properties of the pipeline. These equations resulted from extensive experimental and numerical studies carried out by Wang et al [2]–[6] using curved wide plate tests on pipes having grades X65 and higher. Verstraete et al 0 conducted curved wide plate tests at the University of Ghent which also resulted in tensile strain capacity prediction methods and girth weld flaw acceptability criteria. These criteria are included in the European Pipeline Research Group (EPRG) Tier 2 guidelines. Furthermore Verstrate et al 0 introduced a pressure correction factor of 0.5 in order to include the effect of internal pressure in the tensile strain capacity predictions in a conservative way. Further research by Wang et al with full scale pipes having an internal pressure factor of 0.72 also showed that εtcrit decreases in the presence of internal pressure [10]–[15]. In their work, Wang et al presented a clear methodology for the design of full scale experiments and numerical simulations to study the effect of internal pressure on the tensile strain capacity of pipes with girth weld flaws [10]–[15]. However, there has been limited testing to enable a precise understanding of the tensile strain capacity of pipes with grades less than X65 as a function of girth weld flaw sizes and the internal pressure. In this paper the experimental setup for the testing of grade X52 full scale specimens with 12″ diameter and ¼″ wall thickness is demonstrated. In the scope of this research 8 full scale specimens will be tested and the results will be used to formulate the tensile strain capacity of X52 pipes under internal pressure. The specimens are designed for the simultaneous application of displacement controlled tensile loading and the internal pressure. Finite element analysis is applied in the optimization process for the sizes of end plates and connection elements. Also the lengths of the full scale specimens are determined based on the results from finite element analysis. The appropriate lengths are chosen in such a way that between the location of the girth weld flaw and the end plates uniform strain zones could be obtained. The internal pressure in these experiments is ranging between pressure values causing 80% SMYS and 30% SMYS hoop stress. The end plates and connection elements of the specimens are designed in such a way that the tensile displacement load is applied with an eccentricity of 10% of the pipe diameter with the purpose of increasing the magnitude of tensile strains at the girth weld flaw location. The results of two full scale experiments of this research program are presented. The structural response from the experiments is compared to the finite element simulation. The remote strain values of the experiment are found to be higher than the εtcrit values predicted by the equations in 0.

scholarly journals Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers Including a Flexure-Shear Interaction Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rasulo ◽  
Angelo Pelle ◽  
Davide Lavorato ◽  
Gabriele Fiorentino ◽  
Camillo Nuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Shear Failures

This paper discusses the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge structures, focusing on the shear–flexure interaction phenomena. The assessment of reinforced concrete bridges under seismic action needs the ability to model the effective non-linear response in order to identify the relevant failure modes of the structure. Existing RC bridges have been conceived according to old engineering practices and codes, lacking the implementation of capacity design principles, and therefore can exhibit premature shear failures with a reduction of available strength and ductility. In particular, recent studies have shown that the shear strength can decrease with the increase of flexural damage after the development of plastic hinges and, in some cases, this can cause unexpected shear failures in the plastic branch with a consequent reduction of ductility. The aim of the research is to implement those phenomena in a finite-element analysis. The proposed model consists of a flexure fiber element coupled with a shear and a rotational slip spring. The model has been implemented in the OpenSEES framework and calibrated against experimental data, showing a good ability to capture the overall response.

Finite-Element Analysis of Effect of Wide-Base Tire on Tire-Pavement Noise

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Sheng Yang ◽  
Tien Fang Fwa ◽  
Ghim Ping Ong ◽  
Chye Heng Chew
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Sound Propagation ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Pavement Noise

This paper investigates the effect of tire width to tire-pavement noise. A tire-pavement noise numerical model in the near field has been developed using the three-dimensional finite-element method, and performed in the standard FEM code package ADINA. The model is composed of two main components: a rolling tire pavement interaction model and a sound propagation model. The tire width studied ranged from 180 to 210 mm. The computer simulation model was calibrated and validated using experimental results made available from past research. From the simulation results, it was found that tire width has a noticeable effect on tire-pavement noise. In particular, it was found that tires with wider base were found to produce higher noise levels.

Finite Element Analysis of Creep Induced Volume Shrinkage of Salt Caverns

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 1379-1385
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Shao Xin Zhang ◽  
Qiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Volume Shrinkage ◽  
Salt Rock ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Storage Volume ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Salt Caverns

Salt rock is now being used widely as storage vault of oil and gas. However, the rheological properties of salt rock have significant influence on the stability of salt caverns and, in particular, induce the reduction of storage volumes. Therefore, the classical Nishihara model is used to describe the rheology of salt rock and incorporated into the finite element simulation firstly. Then the volume shrinkage is calculated for two typical simplified models with single cavern and double caverns. The results show that the storage volume of salt cavern decreases with the internal pressure and increases with service time for either single-cavern model or double-cavern model, which remains unchanged though the volume shrinkage of one cavern is influenced by others.

Three years (2017-19) of field observation of the marginal ice the Western Barents Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Ice Floes ◽  
The University

<p>Knowledge of sea ice state (distribution, characteristics and movement) is interesting both from a practical point of view and for fundamental science. The western part of the Barents Sea is a region of increasing activity – oil and gas exploration may growth in addition to traditional fishing and transport. So theinformation is requested by industry and safety authorities.</p><p>Three last years (2017-19) the Arctic Technology Department of the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) performed expeditions on MS Polarsyssel in April in the sea ice-marginal zone of the Western Barents Sea, as a part of teaching and research program. In (Marchenko 2018), sea ice maps were compared with observed conditions. The distinguishing feature of ice in this region is the existence of relatively small ice floes (15-30 m wide) up to 5 m in thickness, containing consolidated ice ridges. In (Marchenko 2019) we described several such floes investigated by drilling, laser scanning and ice mechanical tests, on a testing station in the place with very shallow water (20 m) where ice concentrated. In this article, we summarise three years results with more attention for level ice floes and ice floe composition, continuing to feature ice condition in comparison with sea ice maps and satellite images.</p><p>These investigations provided a realistic characterization of sea ice in the region and are a valuable addition to the long-term studies of sea ice in the region performed by various institutions.</p>

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