scholarly journals Alzheimer’s Disease and its Related Dementias among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahnah Lim ◽  
Sadia Mohaimin ◽  
Deborah Min ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
Young-Jin Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Medical Librarian

Background: The Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) aging population is rapidly growing and the burden of Alzheimer’s disease and its related dementias (ADRD) will likely mirror this demographic growth. AANHPIs face significant barriers in obtaining timely ADRD diagnosis and services; yet little is known about ADRD in this population. Objective: The study objective is to conduct a systematic review on the published literature on ADRD among AANHPIs to identify gaps and priorities to inform future research and action plans. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA Protocol for Systematic Reviews. Co-author (TR), an experienced Medical Librarian, searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central of Clinical Trials, Ageline, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles describing ADRD among AANHPIs. The search was not limited by language or publication date. Each citation was reviewed by two trained independent reviewers. Conflicts were resolved through consensus. Results: The title/abstract and full texts of 1,447 unique articles were screened for inclusion, yielding 168 articles for analysis. Major research topics included prevalence, risk factors, comorbidities, interventions and outreach, knowledge and attitudes, caregiving, and detection tools. A limited number of studies reported on national data, on NHPI communities generally, and on efficacy of interventions targeting AANHPI communities. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on ADRD among AANHPI populations. Our review provides a first step in mapping the extant literature on ADRD among this underserved and under-researched population and will serve as a guide for future research, policy, and intervention.

scholarly journals SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND GAP ANALYSIS ON ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN ASIAN AMERICANS, NATIVE HAWAIIANS, AND PACIFIC ISLANDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S117-S117
Author(s):  
Sahnah Lim ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
Jazmine Wong ◽  
Sadia Mohaimin ◽  
Young-Jin Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Study Objective

Abstract Background: The Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) aging population is rapidly growing and the burden of Alzheimer’s disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD) will likely mirror this demographic growth. AANHPIs face significant barriers in obtaining timely AD/ADRD diagnosis and services; yet little is known about AD/ADRD in this population. The study objective is to conduct a systematic review on the published literature on AD/ADRD among AANHPIs to identify gaps and priorities to inform future research and action plans. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA Protocol for Systematic Reviews. Co-author (TR), an experienced Medical Librarian, searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central of Clinical Trials, Ageline and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles describing AD/ADRD among AANHPIs. The search was not limited by language or publication date. Each citation was reviewed by two trained independent reviewers. Conflicts were resolved through consensus. Results: The title/abstract and full texts of 1,447 unique articles were screened for inclusion, yielding 310 articles for analysis. Major research topics included prevalence, risk factors, comorbidities, interventions and outreach, knowledge/perceptions/attitudes, caregiving, and detection tools. A limited number of studies reported on national data, on NHPI communities generally, and on efficacy of interventions targeting AANHPI communities. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on AD/ADRD among AANHPI populations. Our review provides a first step in mapping the extant literature on AD/ADRD among this underserved and under-researched population and will serve as a guide for future research, policy and intervention.

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s Disease Screening Tools for Asian Americans: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482096759
Author(s):  
Sahnah Lim ◽  
Stella Chong ◽  
Deborah Min ◽  
Sadia Mohaimin ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Future Research

With growing numbers of aging Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPIs), the availability of culturally and linguistically appropriate screening tools for Alzheimer’s disease and its related dementias (ADRD) is needed. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize the tools that have been adapted for and validated among the AANHPI population. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for systematic reviews, six databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles describing ADRD among AANHPIs. Among 1,477 articles screened for inclusion, 15 articles were included in the final analysis. Results showed a paucity of studies that psychometrically validate tools among this population. Furthermore, studies that culturally adapted and/or translated existing tools mostly targeted East Asian American populations. Our review provides a first step in mapping the extant literature on ADRD screening tools for this underresearched population and will serve as a guide for future research, policy, and intervention.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence, Speech, and Language Processing Approaches to Monitoring Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1547-1574
Author(s):  
Sofia de la Fuente Garcia ◽  
Craig W. Ritchie ◽  
Saturnino Luz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Speech And Language Processing

Background: Language is a valuable source of clinical information in Alzheimer’s disease, as it declines concurrently with neurodegeneration. Consequently, speech and language data have been extensively studied in connection with its diagnosis. Objective: Firstly, to summarize the existing findings on the use of artificial intelligence, speech, and language processing to predict cognitive decline in the context of Alzheimer’s disease. Secondly, to detail current research procedures, highlight their limitations, and suggest strategies to address them. Methods: Systematic review of original research between 2000 and 2019, registered in PROSPERO (reference CRD42018116606). An interdisciplinary search covered six databases on engineering (ACM and IEEE), psychology (PsycINFO), medicine (PubMed and Embase), and Web of Science. Bibliographies of relevant papers were screened until December 2019. Results: From 3,654 search results, 51 articles were selected against the eligibility criteria. Four tables summarize their findings: study details (aim, population, interventions, comparisons, methods, and outcomes), data details (size, type, modalities, annotation, balance, availability, and language of study), methodology (pre-processing, feature generation, machine learning, evaluation, and results), and clinical applicability (research implications, clinical potential, risk of bias, and strengths/limitations). Conclusion: Promising results are reported across nearly all 51 studies, but very few have been implemented in clinical research or practice. The main limitations of the field are poor standardization, limited comparability of results, and a degree of disconnect between study aims and clinical applications. Active attempts to close these gaps will support translation of future research into clinical practice.

Dance for People with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 919-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Ruiz-Muelle ◽  
María Mar López-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dance Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Future Research

Background: In recent years, several reviews have addressed the effectiveness of dance therapy in dementia, healthy older adults, or the elderly in general. However, reviews regarding the effect of this therapy exclusively on patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease have not been found. Objective: The purpose of this study is to review the available literature describing clinical trials which explore the effects of dancing on psychological and physical outcomes, functionality, cognitive function, and quality of life in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, this review aims to assess the quality of studies that perform dance therapy interventions in these patients. Methods: This study is a systematic review of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials regarding the effect of intervention including a dancing activity in people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Results: In total, the evidence for this review rests on 12 studies with a total of 349 participants. The findings of this mini-review confirm the positive effect of dance therapy on physical and cognitive function, functionality, psychological outcomes, and quality of life in people with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: Most of the studies implementing dance as part of the therapeutic treatment has shown to improve or slow the worsening in the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers. Future research focused on these patients should use a more exhaustive methodology and make a more detailed description of these kind of interventions.

scholarly journals Factors associated with brain ageing - a systematic review

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Wrigglesworth ◽  
Phillip Ward ◽  
Ian H. Harding ◽  
Dinuli Nilaweera ◽  
Zimu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Brain Ageing

Abstract Background Brain age is a biomarker that predicts chronological age using neuroimaging features. Deviations of this predicted age from chronological age is considered a sign of age-related brain changes, or commonly referred to as brain ageing. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and synthesize the evidence for an association between lifestyle, health factors and diseases in adult populations, with brain ageing. Methods This systematic review was undertaken in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of Embase and Medline was conducted to identify relevant articles using search terms relating to the prediction of age from neuroimaging data or brain ageing. The tables of two recent review papers on brain ageing were also examined to identify additional articles. Studies were limited to adult humans (aged 18 years and above), from clinical or general populations. Exposures and study design of all types were also considered eligible. Results A systematic search identified 52 studies, which examined brain ageing in clinical and community dwelling adults (mean age between 21 to 78 years, ~ 37% were female). Most research came from studies of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or Alzheimer’s disease, or healthy populations that were assessed cognitively. From these studies, psychiatric and neurologic diseases were most commonly associated with accelerated brain ageing, though not all studies drew the same conclusions. Evidence for all other exposures is nascent, and relatively inconsistent. Heterogenous methodologies, or methods of outcome ascertainment, were partly accountable. Conclusion This systematic review summarised the current evidence for an association between genetic, lifestyle, health, or diseases and brain ageing. Overall there is good evidence to suggest schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease are associated with accelerated brain ageing. Evidence for all other exposures was mixed or limited. This was mostly due to a lack of independent replication, and inconsistency across studies that were primarily cross sectional in nature. Future research efforts should focus on replicating current findings, using prospective datasets. Trial registration A copy of the review protocol can be accessed through PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020142817.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Single Chinese Herbs for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Min Fu ◽  
Ju-Tzu Li
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Huperzine A ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research

The objectives here are to provide a systematic review of the current evidence concerning the use of Chinese herbs in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to understand their mechanisms of action with respect to the pathophysiology of the disease. AD, characterized microscopically by deposition of amyloid plaques and formation of neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, has become the most common cause of senile dementia. The limitations of western medications have led us to explore herbal medicine. In particular, many Chinese herbs have demonstrated some interesting therapeutic properties. The following databases were searched from their inception: MEDLINE (PUBMED), ALT HEALTH WATCH (EBSCO), CINAH and Cochrane Central. Only single Chinese herbs are included. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and performed quality assessment. The quality assessment of a clinical trial is based on theJadadcriteria. Seven Chinese herbs and six randomized controlled clinical trials were identified under the predefined criteria.Ginkgo biloba, Huperzine A (Lycopodium serratum) and Ginseng have been assessed for their clinical efficacy with limited favorable evidence. No serious adverse events were reported. Chinese herbs show promise in the treatment of AD in terms of their cognitive benefits and more importantly, their mechanisms of action that deal with the fundamental pathophysiology of the disease. However, the current evidence in support of their use is inconclusive or inadequate. Future research should place emphasis on herbs that can treat the root of the disease.

scholarly journals The Association Between Impaired Awareness and Depression, Anxiety, and Apathy in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacia Azocar ◽  
Gill Livingston ◽  
Jonathan Huntley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Impaired Awareness

Objectives: Impaired awareness of cognitive and functional deficits is a common feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although a lack of awareness has been suggested to be a protective factor against experiencing affective symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, and apathy which are common in AD, there is conflicting evidence about the links between them. This systematic review examines the evidence for an association between impaired awareness and depressive, anxiety, and apathy symptoms in mild to moderate AD.Method: We searched four databases (OvidMedline, Embase, PsycInfo, and PsycArticles) using terms encompassing awareness, apathy, depression, anxiety, and mild-moderate AD. We included studies that assessed the relationship between awareness and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or apathy. We assessed included papers for quality and report results using a narrative approach, prioritizing high quality studies.Results: We identified 1,544 articles, and twenty-seven studies fulfilled inclusion criteria (high-quality = 15; moderate-quality = 12). Most high-quality studies reported that impaired awareness in early-stage AD is cross-sectionally linked with fewer depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms (correlation ranged from −0.3 to −0.7), but with more apathy.Conclusions: High-quality studies suggested that in people with early AD, impaired awareness is related to fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms and to more apathy. Future research should focus on elucidating causality among impaired awareness and these symptoms in AD.

scholarly journals Transfer Learning for Alzheimer’s Disease through Neuroimaging Biomarkers: A Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7259
Author(s):  
Deevyankar Agarwal ◽  
Gonçalo Marques ◽  
Isabel de la Torre-Díez ◽  
Manuel A. Franco Martin ◽  
Begoña García Zapiraín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Neuroimaging Biomarkers ◽  
Prognostic Prediction

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a remarkable challenge for healthcare in the 21st century. Since 2017, deep learning models with transfer learning approaches have been gaining recognition in AD detection, and progression prediction by using neuroimaging biomarkers. This paper presents a systematic review of the current state of early AD detection by using deep learning models with transfer learning and neuroimaging biomarkers. Five databases were used and the results before screening report 215 studies published between 2010 and 2020. After screening, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. We noted that the maximum accuracy achieved to date for AD classification is 98.20% by using the combination of 3D convolutional networks and local transfer learning, and that for the prognostic prediction of AD is 87.78% by using pre-trained 3D convolutional network-based architectures. The results show that transfer learning helps researchers in developing a more accurate system for the early diagnosis of AD. However, there is a need to consider some points in future research, such as improving the accuracy of the prognostic prediction of AD, exploring additional biomarkers such as tau-PET and amyloid-PET to understand highly discriminative feature representation to separate similar brain patterns, managing the size of the datasets due to the limited availability.

scholarly journals Provisional research criteria for the behavioral variant of Alzheimer’s disease A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ossenkoppele ◽  
E.H. Singleton ◽  
C. Groot ◽  
Anke A. Dijkstra ◽  
Willem S. Eikelboom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Research Criteria

ABSTRACTImportanceThe behavioral variant of Alzheimer’s disease (bvAD) is characterized by early and predominant behavioral deficits caused by AD pathology. This AD phenotype is insufficiently understood and lacks standardized clinical criteria, limiting reliability and reproducibility of diagnosis and scientific reporting.ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the bvAD literature, and use the outcomes to propose provisional research criteria for this syndrome.Data sourcesA systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline and Web-of-Science databases (from inception through April 7th, 2021, performed in duplicate) led to the assessment of 83 studies, including 13 suitable for meta-analysis.Study selectionStudies reporting on behavioral, neuropsychological or neuroimaging features in bvAD, and, when available, providing comparisons with “typical” amnestic-predominant AD (tAD) or behavorial variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).Data extraction and synthesisWe performed random-effects meta-analyses on group-level study results of clinical data, and systematically reviewed the neuroimaging literature.Main outcome and measuresBehavioral symptoms (neuropsychiatric symptoms and bvFTD core clinical criteria), cognitive function (global cognition, episodic memory and executive functioning) and neuroimaging features (structural MRI, [18F]FDG-PET, perfusion SPECT, amyloid-PET and tau-PET).ResultsData were collected for 591 patients with bvAD. There was moderate-to-substantial heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias across studies. bvAD showed more severe behavioral symptoms compared to tAD (standardized mean difference [SMD, 95% confidence interval]: 1.16[0.74–1.59], p<0.001), and a trend towards less severe behavioral symptoms compared to bvFTD (SMD:-0.22[-0.47–0.04], p=0.10). Meta-analyses of cognitive data indicated worse executive performance in bvAD versus tAD (SMD:-1.03[-1.74–-0.32], p<0.01), but not compared to bvFTD (SMD:-0.61[-1.75–0.53], p=0.29). bvAD showed a trend towards worse memory performance compared to bvFTD (SMD:-1.31[-2.75–0.14], p=0.08), but did not differ from tAD (SMD:0.43[-0.46–1.33], p=0.34). The neuroimaging literature revealed two distinct bvAD neuroimaging-phenotypes: an “AD-like” posterior-predominant pattern and a “bvFTD-like” anterior-predominant pattern, with the former being more prevalent.Conclusions and relevanceOur data indicate that bvAD is clinically most similar to bvFTD, while it shares most pathophysiological features with tAD. Based on these insights, we propose provisional research criteria for bvAD aimed at improving the consistency and reliability of future research and aiding the clinical assessment of this AD phenotype.KEY POINTSQuestionHow does the behavioral variant of Alzheimer’s disease (bvAD) relate to typical AD (tAD) and to behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) in terms of clinical presentation and neuroimaging signatures?FindingsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that, at time of diagnosis, bvAD showed more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms and other behavioral deficits compared to tAD. Two distinct neuroimaging phenotypes were observed across reported bvAD cases: an “AD-like” posterior-predominant pattern and a “bvFTD-like” anterior-predominant pattern, with the posterior-predominant neuroimaging phenotype being the most prevalent across reported bvAD cases.MeaningbvAD is clinically most reminiscent of bvFTD, while it shares most pathophysiological features with tAD. The provisional research criteria are aimed at improving the consistency and reliability of future research, and potentially aid in the clinical assessment of bvAD.

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