scholarly journals Mortality in Dementia from 1996 to 2015: A National Registry-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-300
Author(s):  
Lærke Taudorf ◽  
Ane Nørgaard ◽  
Gunhild Waldemar ◽  
Thomas Munk Laursen
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Annual Mortality

Background: It remains unclear whether the increased focus on improving healthcare and providing appropriate care for people with dementia has affected mortality. Objective: To assess survival and to conduct a time trend analysis of annual mortality rate ratios (MRR) of dementia based on healthcare data from an entire national population. Methods: We assessed survival and annual MRR in all residents of Denmark ≥65 years from 1996–2015 using longitudinal registry data on dementia status and demographics. For comparison, mortality and survival were calculated for acute ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cancer. Results: The population comprised 1,999,366 people (17,541,315 person years). There were 165,716 people (529,629 person years) registered with dementia, 131,321 of whom died. From 1996–2015, the age-adjusted MRR for dementia declined (women: 2.76 to 2.05; men: 3.10 to 1.99) at a similar rate to elderly people without dementia. The sex-, age-, and calendar-year-adjusted MRR was 2.91 (95%CI: 2.90–2.93) for people with dementia. MRR declined significantly more for acute IHD and cancer. In people with dementia, the five-year survival for most age-groups was at a similar level or lower as that for acute IHD and cancer. Conclusion: Although mortality rates declined over the 20-year period, MRR stayed higher for people with dementia, while the MRR gap, compared with elderly people without dementia, remained unchanged. For the comparison, during the same period, the MRR gap narrowed between people with and without acute IHD and cancer. Consequently, initiatives for improving health and decreasing mortality in dementia are still highly relevant.

scholarly journals Improvement in age- and sex-dependent mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation between 2011 and 2016 – a nationwide retrospective study from Hungary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Kiss ◽  
László Márk ◽  
Béla Herczeg ◽  
Dániel Aradi ◽  
György Rokszin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Annual Mortality

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a higher risk of mortality; however, detailed analysis on the excess risk of death of patients diagnosed with AF compared to a non-AF population has not been carried out.Material and methodsIn our nationwide study, all AF patients were included if the I48 ICD-code was recorded twice in the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) database between 2009 and 2016. The annual mortality rates and rate ratios of AF patients compared with the non-AF population (excess risk) were evaluated as well as the change of these parameters between 2011 and 2016.ResultsWe identified 88,848 to 123,255 females and 80,525 to 116,448 males between 2011 and 2016 in the database. The excess risk of AF compared to the non-AF population was higher in females: the rate ratio (RR) was 4.47 (95% CI: 4.35–4.58; p < 0.001) versus 3.34 (95% CI: 3.27–3.40; p < 0.001) in 2011. We found significant reductions in the mortality rates of the AF population between 2011 and 2016 (18.0% p = 0.037 in females and 17.7% p < 0.001 in males) while reductions in excess mortality were significant in the older age groups (age 60 years and above). Though the age-specific mortality rates were higher among the older population and in males, mortality RR was higher in the lower age groups and in females.ConclusionsBy implementing a novel methodology, we were able to express the mortality risk of the total AF population. We found relevant reduction in the age-standardised mortality rates in both sexes during this 6-year period, which exceeded the reduction of mortality rates in the non-AF population.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of Pancreatic Cancer in China From 1990 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110515
Author(s):  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Xiaomei Wu ◽  
Tianyu Guo ◽  
Ning Guan ◽  
Yefu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Incident Cases

Background Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer and is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. To understand the epidemic trend of pancreatic cancer and formulate targeted preventive measures, it is important to analyze the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer. Methods The incidence and mortality data of pancreatic cancer in China were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data. We used joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the magnitude and direction of trends, and the age-period-cohort method to analyze the effects of chronological age, time period, and birth cohort. Results The age-standardized rates (ASRs) for both incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer increased from 1990 to 2019, and were higher in males than females. The incidence and mortality rates have increased year by year in the age group above 25 years. The most common age group was 55–79 years, accounting for approximately 50% of all incident cases. In terms of incidence and mortality rates, the overall net drifts were above 0. The local drifts in all age groups were above 0 in both sexes and males, while the local drifts in the 15–39 age groups were below 0 in females. The longitudinal age curves increased with age, with higher incidence and mortality rates, mainly in older age groups. The period rate ratios increased by year. The cohort rate ratios showed an upward trend before 1970 and fluctuated after 1975. Conclusions The burden of pancreatic cancer is still very high in China, and attention should be paid to the key population that is, males and older people. The results of our study can be used by policy makers to allocate resources efficiently to improve early diagnosis and treatment, improving the awareness of self-protection, and advocating a healthy lifestyle to prevent pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals Trends in diabetes mortality identified from death certificates in Colombia, 1979-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pablo Chaparro-Narváez ◽  
Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk ◽  
Diana Díaz-Jiménez ◽  
Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Annual Mortality

Objective. To describe the mortality trends of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Colombia, by sex and age group, from 1979 to 2017. Methods. We carried out an ecological study using mortality data from the Colombian National Administrative Department of Statistics. Crude and age-standardized annual mortality rates per 100 000 people were estimated. Trends of standardized rates were described by sex and age groups. Joinpoint regression models were performed to study mortality trends. Results. Throughout the whole period, the total number of DM recorded deaths in Colombia was 200 650, 58% (116 316) in women (p<0.05). The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) by sex increased from 13.2 to 26.6 deaths per 100 000 in women and from 10.1 to 22.7 in men from 1979 to 1999. We observed a decrease from 26.6 to 15.4 per 100 000 in women, and from 22.7 to 15.9 in men for the period 1999-2017. The joinpoint regression analysis showed that the average annual percentage change of the period did not vary in both sexes (men: -0.2%, 95% CI –1.0 to 1.4%; women: 0.7%, 95% CI –0.1 to 1.6%). Conclusions. The DM mortality showed a decreasing trend after 2000 in women and 2004 in men. Primary and secondary prevention programs must continue to be strengthened for an earlier diagnosis of diabetes.

scholarly journals Estimating the early impact of immunization against COVID-19 on deaths among elderly people in Brazil: analyses of secondary data on vaccine coverage and mortality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Victora ◽  
Marcia C Castro ◽  
Susie Gurzenda ◽  
Aluisio J D Barros
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Two Age Groups

ABSTRACTBackgroundImmunization against COVID-19 in Brazil started in January 2021, with health workers and the elderly as the priority groups. We assessed whether there was an impact of immunizations on the mortality of individuals aged 80+ years.MethodsBy April 22, 2021, 147,454 COVID-19 deaths had been reported to the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Denominators for mortality rates were calculated by correcting population estimates for all-cause deaths reported in 2020. Proportionate mortality at ages 80+ and 90+ years relative to deaths at all ages were calculated, and mortality rate ratios compared these two age groups with individuals aged 0-79 years. Vaccine coverage data were obtained from the Ministry of Health vaccination monitoring website. All results were tabulated by two-week periods from epidemiological weeks 1-14, 2021.FindingsAs the P.1 variant spread throughout Brazil, the total number of deaths increased over time starting in epidemiological week 9 of 2021. The proportion of all deaths occurring at ages 80+ years was over 25% in weeks 1-6 and declined rapidly to 13.1% in weeks 13-14. Mortality rates were over 13 times higher in the 80+ years age group compared to that of 0-79 year olds up to week 6, and declined to 6.9 times in weeks 13-14. Coronavac accounted for 77.3% and AstraZeneca for 15.9% of all doses administered. Vaccination coverage (first dose) increased rapidly among individuals aged 80+ years, reaching 49.1% in weeks 5-6 and over 90% after week 9.InterpretationRapid scaling up of vaccination coverage among elderly Brazilians was associated with an important decline in relative mortality compared to younger individuals, in a setting where the P.1 variant predominates. Had mortality rates among the elderly remained proportionate to what was observed up to week 6, an estimated additional 13,824 deaths would have been expected up to week 14.

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

scholarly journals Incidence of Benign Meningiomas in the United States: Current and Future Trends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bhala ◽  
Douglas R Stewart ◽  
Victoria Kennerley ◽  
Valentina I Petkov ◽  
Philip S Rosenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Benign Meningioma ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Future Burden ◽  
Rate Ratios

Abstract Background Benign meningiomas are the most frequently reported central nervous system tumors in the United States (US), with increasing incidence in past decades. However, the future trajectory of this neoplasm remains unclear. Methods We analyzed benign meningioma incidence of cases identified by any means (eg, radiographically with or without microscopic confirmation) in US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registries among 35–84-year-olds during 2004–2017 by sex and race/ethnicity using age-period-cohort (APC) models. We employed APC forecasting models to glean insights regarding the etiology, distribution, and anticipated future (2018–2027) public health impact of this neoplasm. Results In all groups, meningioma incidence overall increased through 2010, then stabilized. Temporal declines were statistically significant overall and in most groups. JoinPoint analysis of cohort rate-ratios identified substantial acceleration in White men born after 1963 (from 1.1% to 3.2% per birth year); cohort rate-ratios were stable or increasing in all groups and all birth cohorts. We forecast that meningioma incidence through 2027 will remain stable or decrease among 55–84-year-olds but remain similar to current levels among 35–54-year-olds. Total meningioma burden in 2027 is expected to be approximately 30,470 cases, similar to the expected case count of 27,830 in 2018. Conclusions Between 2004–2017, overall incidence of benign meningioma increased and then stabilized or declined. For 2018–2027, our forecast is incidence will remain generally stable in younger age groups but decrease in older age groups. Nonetheless, the total future burden will remain similar to current levels because the population is aging.

82 The Significant Burden of Burn Injuries in the Middle East: An Epidemiological Study of Nineteen Countries over 27 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S56-S57
Author(s):  
Zachary J Collier ◽  
Yasmina Samaha ◽  
Priyanka Naidu ◽  
Katherine J Choi ◽  
Christopher H Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction Despite ongoing improvements in burn care around the world, the burden of burn morbidity and mortality has remined a significant challenge in the Middle East due to ongoing conflicts, economic crises, social disparities, and dangerous living conditions. Here, we examine the epidemiology of burn injuries in the Middle East (ME) relative to socio-demographic index (SDI), age, and sex in order to better define regional hotspots that may benefit most from sustainability and capacity building initiatives. Methods Computational modeling from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD17) database was used to extrapolate burn data about the nineteen countries that define the ME. Using the GBD17, the yearly incidence, deaths, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2017 were defined with respect to age and sex as rates of cases, deaths, and years per 100,000 persons, respectively. Mortality ratio represents the percentage of deaths relative to incident cases. Data from 2017 was spatially mapped using heat-mapping for the region. Results Over 27 years in the ME, an estimated 18,289,496 burns and 308,361 deaths occurred causing 24.5 million DALYs. Burn incidence decreased by 5% globally but only 1% in the ME. Although global incidence continued to decline, most ME countries exhibit steady increases since 2004. Compared to global averages, higher mortality rates (2.8% vs 2.0%) and DALYs (205 vs 152 years) were observed in the Middle East during this time although the respective disparities narrowed by 95% and 42% by 2017. Yemen had the worst death and DALY rates all 27 years with 2 and 2.2 times the ME average, respectively. Sudan had the highest morality ratio (3.7%) for most of the study, twice the ME average (1.8%), followed by Yemen at 3.6%. Sex-specific incidence, deaths, and DALYs in the ME were higher compared to the global cohorts. ME women had the worst rates in all categories. With respect to age, all rates were worse in the ME age groups except in those under 5 years. Conclusions For almost three decades, ME burn incidence, deaths, DALYs, and mortality rates were consistently worse than global average. Despite the already significant differences for burn frequency and severity, especially in women and children, underreporting from countries who lack sufficient registry capabilities likely means that the rates are even worse than predicted.

scholarly journals Mortality Associated with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Northeastern Italy, 2008–2020: A Multiple Cause of Death Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7249
Author(s):  
Alessandro Marcon ◽  
Elena Schievano ◽  
Ugo Fedeli
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing in most European countries, but there are no data for Italy. We analysed the registry data from a region in northeastern Italy to assess the trends in IPF-related mortality during 2008–2019, to compare results of underlying vs. multiple cause of death analyses, and to describe the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. We identified IPF (ICD-10 code J84.1) among the causes of death registered in 557,932 certificates in the Veneto region. We assessed time trends in annual age-standardized mortality rates by gender and age (40–74, 75–84, and ≥85 years). IPF was the underlying cause of 1310 deaths in the 2251 certificates mentioning IPF. For all age groups combined, the age-standardized mortality rate from IPF identified as the underlying cause of death was close to the European median (males and females: 3.1 and 1.3 per 100,000/year, respectively). During 2008–2019, mortality rates increased in men aged ≥85 years (annual percent change of 6.5%, 95% CI: 2.0, 11.2%), but not among women or for the younger age groups. A 72% excess of IPF-related deaths was registered in March–April 2020 (mortality ratio 1.72, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.24). IPF mortality was increasing among older men in northeastern Italy. The burden of IPF was heavier than assessed by routine statistics, since less than two out of three IPF-related deaths were directly attributed to this condition. COVID-19 was accompanied by a remarkable increase in IPF-related mortality.

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