A fuzzy computational approach for selecting interdependent projects using prioritized criteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Majdi Beseiso ◽  
Gulshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Project Portfolio ◽  
Ambiguous Information ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Fuzzy Input ◽  
Three Stages

This paper presents a fuzzy computational approach for selecting project portfolio by combining fuzzy logic, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Genetic algorithm (GA) approaches with the consideration of prioritized selection criteria as per objectives of the organization to make decisions effectively with incomplete and ambiguous information to help in portfolio selection. This approach addresses the issues of the uncertainty of experts in selecting projects, prioritizing criteria before initiating project selection process and evaluating the number of interdependent projects for their maximal values. It completes the task in three stages. Firstly, it involves interaction with experts to extract fuzzy input about the benefits of organization and selection criteria for selecting a project portfolio. The second stage requires the application of fuzzy QFD to prioritize criteria before deciding the project portfolio. In this stage, the paper contributes a method for using fuzzy values in a distinct way for obtaining priorities of selection criteria. The final stage evaluates the candidate projects concurrently based on top priority selection criteria by considering interrelation among projects by proposing a distinct fitness function of GA. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated by an example that considers three experts, three objectives of the organization and four selection criteria.

A QFD-ANP Method for Supplier Selection with Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks Considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 911-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Bottani ◽  
Piera Centobelli ◽  
Teresa Murino ◽  
Ehsan Shekarian
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Network Process

This paper presents an original integrated procedure to evaluate and select suppliers for purchasing decisions. The procedure exploits the quality function deployment approach to define the suppliers’ characteristics, coupled with the analytic network process to capture the interrelations among the selection criteria and integrated with a benefits, opportunities, costs and risks (BOCR) analysis. As such, the proposed approach is more structured than the existing methods for supplier selection; in particular, it allows simultaneously to take into account the relevant criteria for supplier selection, to capture the situation in which the decision criteria are somehow dependent on one another and to evaluate the positive and negative aspects of the selection process. By using the proposed approach, companies can derive useful information to guide their partner selection process. An extensive case study is reported to show the application of the model to a selection process of a real Italian company. The application shows that the model is effective in identifying the most suitable supplier; moreover, a detailed sensitivity analysis highlights that the results of the ranking are very robust against possible changes in the relative importance of the BOCR perspectives.

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

The Subject Matter of Intellectual Property

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Pila
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Relationship

This book offers a study of the subject matter protected by each of the main intellectual property (IP) regimes. With a focus on European and UK law particularly, it considers the meaning of the terms used to denote the objects to which IP rights attach, such as ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, and ‘design’, with reference to the practice of legal officials and the nature of those objects specifically. To that end it proceeds in three stages. At the first stage, in Chapter 2, the nature, aims, and values of IP rights and systems are considered. As historically and currently conceived, IP rights are limited (and generally transferable) exclusionary rights that attach to certain intellectual creations, broadly conceived, and that serve a range of instrumentalist and deontological ends. At the second stage, in Chapter 3, a theoretical framework for thinking about IP subject matter is proposed with the assistance of certain devices from philosophy. That framework supports a paradigmatic conception of the objects protected by IP rights as artifact types distinguished by their properties and categorized accordingly. From this framework, four questions are derived concerning: the nature of the (categories of) subject matter denoted by the terms ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, ‘design’ etc, including their essential properties; the means by which each subject matter is individuated within the relevant IP regime; the relationship between each subject matter and its concrete instances; and the manner in which the existence of a subject matter and its concrete instances is known. That leaves the book’s final stage, in Chapters 3 to 7. Here legal officials’ use of the terms above, and understanding of the objects that they denote, are studied, and the results presented as answers to the four questions identified previously.

scholarly journals Adapting the definition of multimorbidity – development of a locality-based consensus for selecting included Long Term Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Hafezparast ◽  
Ellie Bragan Turner ◽  
Rupert Dunbar-Rees ◽  
Alice Vodden ◽  
Hiten Dodhia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Local Health Service

Abstract Background Defining multimorbidity has proved elusive in spite of attempts to standardise definitions. For national studies, a broad definition is required to capture national diversity. For locally based studies, the definition may need to reflect demographic and morbidity patterns. We aimed to define multimorbidity for an inner city, multi-ethnic, deprived, young age community typical of many large cities. Methods We used a scoping literature review to identify the international literature, standards and guidelines on Long Term Condition (LTC) definitions for inclusion in our multimorbidity definition. Consensus was categorised into high, medium or low consensus, depending on the number of literature sources citing each LTC. Findings were presented to a workshop consisting of local health service stakeholders who were asked to select LTCs for inclusion in a second stage review. In the second stage, each LTC was tested against seven evaluation domains: prevalence, impact, preventability, treatment burden, progression to multiple LTCs, impact on younger people, data quality. These domains were used to create 12 target criteria. LTC rankings according to consensus group and target criteria scores were presented to a second workshop for a final decision about LTC inclusion. Results The literature review identified 18 literature sources citing 86 LTCs: 11 were excluded because they were LTC clusters. The remainder were allocated into consensus groupings: 13 LTCs were ‘high consensus’ (cited by ≥ 11 sources); 15 were ‘medium consensus’ (cited by 5–10 sources); 47 were ‘low consensus’ (cited by < 5 sources). The first workshop excluded 31 LTCs. The remaining 44 LTCs consisted of: 13 high consensus LTCs, all with high target score (score 6–12); 15 medium consensus LTCs, 11 with high target scores; 16 low consensus LTCs, 6 with high target scores. The final workshop selected the 12 high consensus conditions, 12 medium consensus LTCs (10 with high target scores) and 8 low consensus LTCs (3 with high target scores), producing a final selection of 32 LTCs. Conclusions Redefining multimorbidity for an urban context ensures local relevance but may diminish national generalisability. We describe a detailed LTC selection process which should be generalisable to other contexts, both local and national.

scholarly journals Effect of Sago Starch Modifications on Polystyrene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2867
Author(s):  
Mohamad Kahar Ab Wahab ◽  
Halimatul Syahirah Mohamad ◽  
Elammaran Jayamani ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Izabela Wnuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Void Formation ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Starch Modifications

The preparation of polystyrene/thermoplastic starch (PS/TPS) blends was divided into three stages. The first stage involved the preparation of TPS from sago starch. Then, for the second stage, PS was blended with TPS to produce a TPS/PS blend. The ratios of the TPS/PS blend were 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, and 80:20. The final stage was a modification of the composition of TPS/PS blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid treatment. Both untreated and treated blends were characterized by their physical, thermal, and surface morphology properties. The obtained results indicate that modified blends have better tensile strength as the adhesion between TPS and PS was improved. This can be observed from SEM micrographs, as modified blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid had smaller TPS dispersion in PS/TPS blends. The micrograph showed that there was no agglomeration and void formation in the TPS/PS blending process. Furthermore, modified blends show better thermal stability, as proved by thermogravimetric analysis. Water uptake into the TPS/PS blends also decreased after the modifications, and the structural analysis showed the formation of a new peak after the modification process.

scholarly journals Change detection and building spatial geodatabase for Iraqi marshes

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Oday Jasim ◽  
Noor Hamed ◽  
Tamarra Abdulgabar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
The Other ◽  
Image Mosaic ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Three Stages

The Iraqi Marshlands has natural and economic potential through its environment rich in various forms of lives. This region has suffered numerous setbacks due to human and natural factors, especially in the last two decades of the last century, which led to significant environmental degradation. The purpose of this paper is to prepare spatial data for the area of the marshes in Iraq as a base (Hour-al Hoveizah and central marshes and Hammar). Also, the other aim is to produce a digital geodatabase for the marshes for the years 1973, 1986, 1999, 2006 and 2016 by using ArcGIS. The process of building geodatabase has been through done in three stages: the first stage is including data collection. The second stage will be by merging the satellite images covering the Iraqi marshes and add to images in order to get the image mosaic process. Also, a georeferencing of satellite images is to be done with all the traditional maps of the same area of the marsh. Finally, complete the full geodatabase for the area of interest by using ArcGIS as the in Cartography Design. The results of this research would be a geodatabase for the Iraqi marshes.

Agent-based economic models and econometrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Heng Chen ◽  
Chia-Ling Chang ◽  
Ye-Rong Du
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Computational Finance ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Stages

AbstractThis paper reviews the development of agent-based (computational) economics (ACE) from an econometrics viewpoint. The review comprises three stages, characterizing the past, the present, and the future of this development. The first two stages can be interpreted as an attempt to build the econometric foundation of ACE, and, through that, enrich its empirical content. The second stage may then invoke a reverse reflection on the possible agent-based foundation of econometrics. While ACE modeling has been applied to different branches of economics, the one, and probably the only one, which is able to provide evidence of this three-stage development is finance or financial economics. We will, therefore, focus our review only on the literature of agent-based computational finance, or, more specifically, the agent-based modeling of financial markets.

scholarly journals A Multi-criteria Approach in the Project Selection Process in Multi-Project Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Charles Éric Manyombé ◽  
Sébastien H. Azondékon
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Project Selection ◽  
Project Portfolio ◽  
Organizational Complexity ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Project Environment ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making

In a multi-project environment, organizational complexity refers to the difficulties that organizations often face in choosing projects to build their portfolios, since they do not aim to achieve the same strategic business objectives. It is for this reason that the project selection process requires the implementation of an effective decision-making tool when composing a project portfolio. The objective of this paper is to propose an adapted framework for a better project selection procedure inspired by the approaches of strategic relevance, profitability criteria, uncertainty, and risk analysis, the ability to dispose of scarce resources, and the determination of interdependencies between different projects.&nbsp;

scholarly journals Matemáticas para la Ingeniería de Sistemas [Mathematics for systems engineering]

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Mauricio Argote ◽  
Robinson Andrés Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Engineering Program ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Education Courses ◽  
Current Curriculum

Resumen La investigación tiene como propósito la restructuración de la malla curricular del Programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas, de la Universidad Mariana, respecto al área de matemática y su aporte al desarrollo de competencias del respectivo currículo. El proceso de reconstrucción del plan de estudios se llevó a cabo en tres etapas. La primera etapa presenta la identificación de los contenidos curriculares de los cursos de educación matemática del currículo vigente que son pertinentes y esenciales a la formación del Ingeniero de Sistemas. La segunda etapa determina los contenidos que no están presentes en el actual plan de estudios y que deben ser incorporados en los cursos de educación matemática para desarrollar el pensamiento lógico - matemático del Ingeniero de Sistemas. La tercera etapa rediseña los cursos del programa de educación matemática para que sean pertinentes y esenciales, con el área específica del programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas. Palabras Claves: Currículo, Matemática, Ingeniería de Sistemas, Pertinencia, Modelación.   Abstract The research has the purpose of restructuring the curriculum of the Systems Engineering Program, University of Mariana, respect to the area of mathematics and its contribution to the development of the skills of the respective curriculum. The reconstruction process of the curriculum took place in three stages. The first stage presented the identification of the curricula of mathematics education courses current curriculum that are relevant and material to the formation of Systems Engineer. The second stage determines the contents that are not present in the current curriculum and should be incorporated into mathematics education courses to develop logical thinking - Mathematical Systems Engineer. The third stage redesign courses mathematics education program to be relevant and material, with the specific area of Systems Engineering program. Keywords: Curriculum, Mathematics, Systems Engineering, Relevance, Modeling.

scholarly journals Selection of the most adequate trip-modelling tool for integrated transport planning system

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Sawicki ◽  
Marcin Kiciński ◽  
Szymon Fierek
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Phase Selection ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Selection Of

This paper deals with the problem of selection the most suitable trip-modelling tool (TMT), which is a part of the more complex integrated transport planning system (ITPS) at the regional scale. Since an application of TMT is not autonomous and several different users exist the selection problem is not a trivial. In this paper, an original five-phase selection procedure is presented. The first phase consists in specifica¬tion of both, detailed expectations of all identified users and technical requirements of ITPS. Second phase deals with research on available TMT while a third one is concentrated on defining a comprehensive set of criteria. In this phase critical criteria as well as selection criteria are defined. First one is utilised to eliminate unacceptable TMTs in phase four and second one to evaluate and select most adequate TMT in phase five. In the paper an exemplary application of this procedure is presented. The authors have defined 2 critical criteria and a set of 19 selection criteria. The last one is divided into 3 main subsets, i.e. functional, technical and financial contexts of selection process. All the selection criteria are characterised by 43 sub-criteria and some of them are more detailed extended. Using this procedure 3 out of 6 alternative TMTs including Emme, Aimsun and Visum have been initially accepted and next evaluated. Finally, Visum has been selected and recommended for application into ITPS.

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