scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF AN INTEGRATED RESEARCH OF BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE TO FIBROUS MATERIALS BY THE METHOD OF RASTER ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-534
Author(s):  
T. Balinyan ◽  
L. Derecha ◽  
Yu. Nosatenko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article considers the need for a comprehensive study of biological damage to fibrous materials by scanning electron microscopy. The main types and characteristics of fibers and fibrous materials, their types of damage, in particular, biological, and the mechanism of their formation are described. It is shown that with modern methods for studying morphological characteristics, the most effective is the method of scanning electron microscopy, which makes it possible to directly study the object in a wide range of magnifications. The use of scanning electron microscopy makes it possible to identify qualitatively new volumetric microsigns when conducting studies of fibrous materials. Biological damage agents (biofactors) are considered — microbiological (bacteria, microbes, fungi, blue-green algae), phytological (mosses, lichens, higher plants, algae), zoological (insects, birds, mammals). Attention is focused on the study of injuries caused by mold caused by moths, dogs, etc. Conducting a comprehensive study of various types of damage to materials of various fibrous nature allows us to obtain an information database, the possibility of differentiating chemical, mechanical, thermal and biological damage, identifying microsigns that individualize one or another object (factor) of action, influence, increasing the potential for obtaining trace information about the actual data and circumstances of the event in those cases when only by external morphological features of the diagnosis It is not possible to repair damage. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of the chosen research area. The results of the studies are positive for creating the optimal research scheme, methods of microscopic studies of damage to materials of fibrous nature in order to solve diagnostic, identification and situational tasks of forensic examination.

Delamination Behavior of Cu-Low-k Stack Under Different Slurries

2003 ◽  
Vol 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sikder ◽  
S. Thagella ◽  
P. B. Zantye ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Cu Metallization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low K ◽  
Delamination Behavior ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractLower mechanical strength, reduced cohesive strength and lack of compatibility with other interconnect materials, are the major challenges involved in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of Cu metallization with ultra low-k materials as interlayer dielectrics. In this study we have investigated the polishing behavior of patterned Cu samples with underneath different low-k materials using two different slurries and a wide range of machine parameters. CMP micro tribometer was used to polish the samples with different rotations of platen (50 to 250 RPM) and down forces (1-6 PSI). Friction co-efficient and wear behavior were also investigated at different conditions. Optical and scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the polished surface. It was observed that the two different Cu slurries used for polishing have marked effects on the polishing of Cu-low-k stack with respect to wear and delamination.

Ultrastructural Analysis of Mouthparts of Adult Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) From the Brazilian Midwest Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1447-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Ana Cristina Bahia ◽  
Nágila Francinete Costa Secundino ◽  
Paulo Filemon Paolucci Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The ultrastructure of the mouthparts of Haematobia irritans (L.) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics of the maxillary palps, labium (prementum and postmentum), labrum, hypopharynx, haustellum, and labellar lobes are described, as well as of the sensilla evidenced on all the surface of the mouthparts, and the set of different positions assumed by the mouth apparatus of this fly. Based on their morphology, 12 well-differentiated sensilla were identified, among three types of cuticular sensilla: trichoidea, coeloconica, and campaniformia. A slight sexual dimorphism in the sensilla patterns found in the mouthparts of H. irritans was evidenced. These observations are discussed with reference to the current literature on the functional morphology of sense organs of Insecta. These results could facilitate the recognition of the chemosensory sensilla by electrophysiological techniques, and foment future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies to better elucidate the evolution of Diptera, Muscomorpha.

scholarly journals Dry Sliding Tribological Properties of a Hard Anodized AA6082 Aluminum Alloy

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Eleonora Santecchia ◽  
Marcello Cabibbo ◽  
Abdel Magid Salem Hamouda ◽  
Farayi Musharavati ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Alumina Layer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Scanning Electron

The applications of aluminum and its alloys are still limited by low hardness and low wear resistance properties. Surface modifications, such anodizing and plasma electrolytic oxidation, represent a feasible way to overcome these drawbacks. In this study, discs of AA6082 were subjected to the so-called G.H.A. hard anodizing process leading to an anodized layer having a honeycomb-like structure. Samples having alumina layer thicknesses of 10, 50 and 100 μm were subjected to unidirectional dry sliding wear tests, using bearing steel and silicon nitride as counterbody materials. Surface and structure characterization of the samples were performed before and after the tribological tests, using a wide range of techniques; atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used before the wear tests. The wear scars were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Results show that the different thickness of the anodized layer does not affect the pores dimensions but has an influence on the micrometric domains in which the pores are divided. These features coupled with the wear test conditions, show to have a strong influence on the wear behavior. The thinnest sample showed also the best performance against the ceramic counterbody.

scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopy of Circulating Tumor Cells and Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afroditi Nanou ◽  
Mateus Crespo ◽  
Penny Flohr ◽  
Johann De Bono ◽  
Leon Terstappen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
Scanning Electron

To explore morphological features of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs), we developed a protocol for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of CTCs and tdEVs. CTCs and tdEVs were isolated by immunomagnetic enrichment based on their Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) expression or by physical separation through 5 μm microsieves from 7.5 mL of blood from Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) patients. Protocols were optimized using blood samples of healthy donors spiked with PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. CTCs and tdEVs were identified among the enriched cells by fluorescence microscopy. The positions of DNA+, CK+, CD45− CTCs and DNA−, CK+, CD45− tdEVs on the CellSearch cartridges and microsieves were recorded. After gradual dehydration and chemical drying, the regions of interest were imaged by SEM. CellSearch CTCs retained their morphology revealing various shapes, some of which were clearly associated with CTCs undergoing apoptosis. The ferrofluid was clearly distinguishable, shielding major portions of all isolated objects. CTCs and leukocytes on microsieves were clearly visible, but revealed physical damage attributed to the physical forces that cells exhibit while entering one or multiple pores. tdEVs could not be identified on the microsieves as they passed through the pores. Insights on the underlying mechanism of each isolation technique could be obtained. Complete detailed morphological characteristics of CTCs are, however, masked by both techniques.

Seed morphology of perennial taxa of Euphorbia section Pithyusa (Euphorbiaceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
İLKER GENÇ ◽  
ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study based on seed morphology of perennial Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) sect. Pithyusa species occurring in Turkey is presented. A total of 14 species were studied. Seed characteristics were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as dissecting light microscopy. Significant features are: seed size, seed shape, shape of caruncle and seed surface ornamentation. Three different seed surface types (smooth, pitted, and wrinkled) were observed. Four main seed shapes (ovoid, oblong, quadrangular, and globose), as well as seven types of seed coat ornamentation (reticulate-areolate, areolate, alveolate, falsifoveate, pusticulate, colliculate and smooth) were found. The number of testa cells per 100 µm2 and also its range, from 8–12 to 57–63, are given.

Synthesis of Fe2O3/CNTs for the Fast Removal of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 933-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Jie Zhang ◽  
Chang Yu Lu ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Wei Sheng Guan ◽  
Yue Xin Peng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fast Removal ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effective remove to tetracycline still remains a big challenge for scientists. In this work, we used a new method for preparing functional magnetic CNTS with ferrite nanoparticles. A wide range of techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and magnetic measurements were applied to characterize the obtained Fe2O3/CNTs. Moreover, we have also studied the properties of adsorbent to tetracycline. In addition, we have found that the Fe2O3/CNTs are better reusable adsorbent than other traditional adsorbents by magnetic separation recycling method.

scholarly journals Understanding the degradation mechanism of rechargeable lithium/sulfur cells: a comprehensive study of the sulfur–graphene oxide cathode after discharge–charge cycling

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 16931-16940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefei Feng ◽  
Min-Kyu Song ◽  
Wayne C. Stolte ◽  
David Gardenghi ◽  
Duo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Cathode ◽  
Lithium Sulfur ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Degradation mechanism of rechargeable lithium/sulfur-graphene oxide cell was studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Micromorphological characterization of adhesive interface of sound dentin and total-etch and self-etch adhesives

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Milan Drobac ◽  
Igor Stojanac ◽  
Bojana Ramic ◽  
Milica Premovic ◽  
Ljubomir Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Adhesive Bond ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Nih Image ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Scanning Electron

Introduction. The ultimate goal in restorative dentistry has always been to achieve strong and permanent bond between the dental tissues and filling materials. It is not easy to achieve this task because the bonding process is different for enamel and dentin - dentin is more humid and more organic than enamel. It is moisture and organic nature of dentin that make this hard tissue very complex to achieve adhesive bond. One of the first and most widely used tools for examining the adhesive bond between hard dental tissues and composite restorative materials is scanning electron microscopy. The aim of this study was scanning electron microscopy analyzes the interfacial micro morphology of total-etch and self-etch adhesives. Material and Methods. Micro morphological characteristics of interface between totaletch adhesive (Prime & Bond NT) in combination with the corresponding composite (Ceram X Mono) were compared with those of self-etching adhesive (AdheSE One) in combination with the corresponding composite (Tetric EvoCeram). The specimens were observed under 1000 x magnification of scanning electron microscopy (JEOL, JSM-6460 Low Vacuum). Measurement of the thickness of the hybrid layer of the examined composite systems was performed with the software of the device used (NIH Image ?nalyser). Results. Micromorphological analysis of interface showed that the hybrid layer in sound dentin was well formed, its average thickness being 2.68 ?m, with a large number of resin tags and a large amount of lateral branches for specimens with a composite system Prime & Bond NT - Ceram X Mono. However, the specimens with composite systems Adhese One - Tetric EvoCeram did not show the presence of hybrid layer and the resin tags were poorly represented. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that total-etch adhesives bond better with sound dentin than self-etch adhesives.

Copulatory system of the spider crab Libinia spinosa (Crustacea: Brachyura: Majoidea)

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 1617-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Sal Moyano ◽  
M.A. Gavio ◽  
E.I. Cuartas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Spider Crab ◽  
Flexible Membrane ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Functional morphology of the male gonopods, female holding systems and vulvae of Libinia spinosa are described using scanning electron microscopy and histological sections, establishing differences between immature and mature individuals. The first gonopod of mature males, larger than 35.1 mm of carapace width (CW), is long, slender, and ending in two wing-like processes; abdominal, characterized by the presence of a sub-terminal seminal canal, and sternal, closed and where the cuticle holds setae. In immature males, smaller than 29.9 mm CW, both processes are shorter, and the tip of the abdominal process closed. Six different types of setae are described for both gonopods. Internally, the gonopods have rosette glands in immature and mature individuals. The presence of secretions, which may be involved in the moulting process, was observed in immature males towards the external cuticle corresponding to the rosette glands. The rosette glands may be related to reproduction in mature males. Females presented a press-button holding system and a biconcave vulva. In immature females, smaller than 36.1 mm CW, the vulva aperture was closed by integument bulging to the outside. In mature females, larger than 42.6 mm CW, the locking system was almost fused to the cuticle, and the vulvae showed an open biconcave form with a more inner flexible membrane. Morphological characteristics shown by the gonopods of mature males develop synchronously with the acquisition of physiological maturity, not with morphometrical maturity. The mature holding systems and vulvae of females are developed synchronously with physiological and morphometrical maturity.

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