Technical Education and Vocational Training for Women: A case study of Yemen

1970 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Lara Uhlenhaut
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Skills Shortage

Soaring population growth in Yemen has led to approximately 200,000 young people entering the labor market each year. Figures are outpacing labor demand, in a country where the deteriorating economy is leading to less job creation. The majority of youth in Yemen works mostly in the informal economy with no prospects of regular contracts, social security, or forms of insurance. The limited ability of the formal education system to prepare young people for the labor market is also leading to a chronic ‘skills shortage’ in Yemen.

scholarly journals Vocational Training and Labor Market Outcomes in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Reis
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labor Earnings ◽  
Market Experience

Abstract This paper examines the effect of vocational training on labor market outcomes in Brazilian metropolitan areas. Estimates based on difference-in-differences matching indicate that vocational training increases monthly and hourly labor earnings, as well as the probability of getting a job. However, evidence does not indicate that this kind of training improves access to jobs in the formal sector. Also according to the results, vocational training in Brazil seems to be more effective for workers with more labor market experience and for those with a higher level of formal education than for individuals in disadvantaged groups.

scholarly journals Artistic and Educational Projects – Perspectives in Non-Formal Education. A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-274
Author(s):  
Ondina-Oana Turturică
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The present article aims to analyze the impact of artistic and educational projects from the perspective of non-formal education. This will be done with the help of a case study that brings forth the aforementioned elements in order to improve the educational standards of the students that participate in these projects. Also, here will be detailed the specific objectives of the projects in this category and the impact imprinted on the target groups as well as the implementation manners of the objectives themselves, by following the factors that stimulate creativity and the degree of young people involvement in this project.

Labor Demand in Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiane Ghali ◽  
Habib Zitouna
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Enterprise Surveys

This chapter explores the employment performance and capacities of the Tunisian private sector. The analysis relies mainly on data from the annual enterprise surveys and on the TLMPS 2014 data. The size and the structure of the Tunisian labor market are analyzed, showing that the creation of more jobs requires the private sector to invest more, especially in new technologies. The private sector must increase its share in the economy and improve its competitiveness internationally. The intra- and inter-sectoral allocation of employment and variation of labor productivity are described, analyzing the capacity of the economy to improve the quality of labor demand and absorb highly educated young people. The link between firm size and labor demand is also analyzed, showing the need for a new industrial structure with a bigger share of larger and more dynamic enterprises.

The surprisingly exclusive nature of medium- and low-skilled jobs

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Beblavý ◽  
Lucia Mýtna Kureková ◽  
Corina Haita
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Labor Market Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Feasibility Test

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to learn more about demand for competences is crucial for revealing the complex relationship between employee selection, different strands of education and training and labor market regulation. Design/methodology/approach – Content analysis and statistics of job advertisements. Findings – Employer skills requirements even for low- and medium-skilled jobs are highly specific. Formal education requirements are higher than they “should” be. No detectable “basic package” of general cognitive skills for low- and medium-skilled jobs was found. Employer demand focusses on non-cognitive skills and specific cognitive skills. Specificity of skill requirement across different sectors or occupation groups differs vastly between different types of low- and medium-skilled jobs and is linked to the interactive nature of the job, not to the qualifications or the experience required. Research limitations/implications – The analysis can be considered an initial feasibility test for a larger comparative cross-country project that would aim to understand labor demand in different EU countries. Practical implications – The analysis could be used as input in designing labor market policy and life-long learning programs to integrate low-skilled and unemployed. Social implications – The research provides a tool to match disadvantaged workers to jobs for which they possess greater capabilities or to help them develop crucial skills for a given occupation. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the HRM literature with a more demand-led approach to labor market policy. The authors reveal what role skills and upskilling can play in alleviating the problem of unemployment. The results can be useful for HR specialists and policy makers.

Labor Market Uncertainties for Youth and Young Adults: An International Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 688 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Jun Jean Yeung ◽  
Yi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Labor Market Conditions ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Market Uncertainties

A crisis for youth labor market conditions has been building globally for more than two decades, reflected in the persistently high rates of youth unemployment around the world, which is about three times as high as that for adults. About one in five young people are not in education, employment, or training, and a large share of young adults are working in the informal economy or in precarious conditions. This volume includes a collection of thirteen articles that examine the causes, patterns, and consequences of labor market uncertainties for youth and young adults in Europe, Latin/South America, the United States, and Asia, as well as a concluding article. They reveal vast inequalities among young people, with those having the least education and lowest skills, females, those with low family socioeconomic status (SES), ethnic minorities, and migrants being the most vulnerable. In this introduction, we describe the global trends and regional variation in labor market conditions for young people, explicate the importance of integrating young people into labor markets, and summarize the findings and policy implications of these articles.

scholarly journals CAREER DECISION AND READINESS IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF LAO PDR

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Phanhpakit Onphandala ◽  
Vanvisa Philavong ◽  
Bouadam Sengkhamkhoutlavong
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government

Background and Purpose: In Lao PDR, young people have been striving to earn higher degrees, especially in economics or business administration, in the hope of having more opportunities to be employed in the public sector. Meanwhile, they also assume a high risk of unemployment, since the government intends to limit the number of approved civil servants. As labor demand is smaller than labor supply, there will be labor surplus and, even worse, the labor market is moving away from its equilibrium. This raises the questions of why young people aspire to work in the government and how they react to this phenomenon. Methodology: This research study involved a field survey which collected data from final year undergraduate students studying in the faculties of economics and business administration using a crosssectional questionnaire. The survey was conducted from June to August 2018. A descriptive analysis was employed to identify determinants of education and career decisions together with level of career readiness. Findings: The research findings from a sample of 571 undergraduate students, majoring in economics and business administration at four public universities in 2018, revealed that the most influential factors affecting career preference are job security and prestige. As competition among government applicants increases, they seem not to be well-prepared in terms of employability skills. Contributions: These research findings will be useful for the improvement of national policies relating to education and labor market development that aim to alleviate labor market inefficiency. Keywords: career decision, readiness, employability skill, undergraduate, Lao PDR Cite as: Onphanhdala, P., Philavong, V., & Sengkhamkhoutlavong, B. (2020). Career decision and readiness in undergraduate students of Lao PDR. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 1-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp1-26

scholarly journals Success as social: Exploring young people's understandings of success in rural Java

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rara Sekar Larasati
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Success

<p>Using the case of desa wisata adat (official tourism and traditional cultural village) Ngadas, East Java, Indonesia, this thesis explores the meanings of success from the perspectives of rural young people and how the particular local context of Ngadas shaped their understandings of success. Unlike many rural young people in Indonesia, young people from Ngadas are known for their land ownership, successful farming, low rate of urbanisation and low participation in formal education. With its particular social, economic and cultural background, young people from Ngadas serves as a valuable case study to understand Indonesian rural youth success as it is situated within the village.  In this research, I utilise Bourdieu’s theory of practice to focus on the practices of young people for success and explore the capitals and habitus within Ngadas (the field). In doing so, I explore how the adat (customs, rituals, values) is significantly embedded within young people’s practices for success in three key aspects of their lives: work practices, familial/relational practices and religious practices. Drawing on six weeks of ethnographic fieldwork with six youth participants and four village leaders, data were collected through focus group discussion or klumpukan, auto-driven photo-elicitation, individual interviews, and participant observation.  My study shows that for young people in Ngadas, their success practices were underpinned by a form of social capital that is founded on reciprocity or a gift exchange which is embedded within and shaped by adat, and in turn also serves to maintain adat. The significance of social capital for young people’s success explains how success in Ngadas is founded on strong relationships, reciprocity, a sense of belonging, and a sense of community to maintain harmony or guyub rukun. Thus, social capital for young people’s success holds a symbolic value not only for the individual, but also for the field of Ngadas. The case study of young people in Ngadas also presents an understanding of success as illusio, a sense of purpose that is gained from investing in social relationships. It is an understanding of success as a sense of being and belonging with and for others that ties young people’s individual success to the collective success of Ngadas as an economic, social and cultural community.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of Agricultural Programs on Youth Engagement in Agribusiness in Nigeria: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Dolapo F. Adeyanju ◽  
John Mburu ◽  
Djana Mignouna
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Outcome ◽  
Youth Engagement ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Agricultural Programs ◽  
Unemployed Youth ◽  
The Impact

Using the case of Fadama Graduate Unemployed Youth and Women Support (FGUYS) program, this study assessed the impact of agricultural programs on youth engagement in agribusiness in Nigeria. A total of 977 respondents comprising of 455 participants of the program and 522 non-participants were sampled across three states in Nigeria. Data were analysed using Descriptive and Endogenous Switching Probit Regression (ESPR) Model. The result showed that participation in the program was influenced by age, years of formal education, perception of agricultural programs and type of employment. Furthermore, the results showed a positive impact of the program on youths&rsquo; likelihood to engage in agribusiness. The study recommends the need to invest more in agricultural programs such as the case study since it has desirable economic outcome for young people. Also, there is a need to improve the general outlook of agriculture such that it becomes more attractive to young people.

scholarly journals Knowledge Acquisition System of Traditional Crafts in Bida and Gusau Towns in Northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Jibril Attahiru Alhassan ◽  
Lawal Abubakar ◽  
Musa Majaidu Ndayako ◽  
Fatimah Jibril Abduldayan ◽  
Katamba Abubakar Saka
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Frequency Counts

This study investigated knowledge acquisition and transfer system among traditional crafts in Bida and Gusau towns in Northern Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study and include variables such as types of crafts practiced, sources of knowledge and skills; people involved sustainability and challenges to traditional crafts in the two towns. Case study was used with population of all traditional craftsmen in Bida and Gusau (Niger and Zamfara States) respectively. A sample size of 90 craftsmen was drawn through stratified random sampling. Descriptive statistics involving frequency counts and percentages were used to analyze the collected data. Results showed that embroidery and blacksmithing were the major crafts practiced; knowledge and skills were obtained through inheritance/initiation and that the unemployed were the major craftsmen. Other findings include ‘no alternative’ jobs as a factor that sustain traditional crafts and that limited capital was the major obstacle to traditional crafts in the two towns. The study recommended amongst others the inclusion of limitless type of crafts to various skills through formal education, vocational training, apprenticeship, etc. Keywords: Traditional crafts, Apprenticeship, Knowledge, Skills, Nigeria

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