scholarly journals Informed Consent In Patients Undergoing ENT Surgery: What Do Patients Want To Know?

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Bikash lal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Written Information ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To determine patient satisfaction with the informed consent process in ear, nose and throat (ENT) diseases requiring surgery. Specifically, to determine relationships between educational levels of patients and their satisfaction with information given by doctors versus self-gathered information; whether complications of the operation were explained to, and could be listed by patients; the types of complications patients expected to be informed about and the importance of this information to them; their familiarity with the term “informed consent” and their preference for written or spoken information; and whether they were convinced about what they consented to. Methods:  Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive Study Setting: Tertiary Public Hospital Patients: One Hundred   Results:  There were 55 males and 45 females (average age 26.7 years, range 4 - 74 years). Ten percent (all children) had no formal education, 56% had primary to high school education, 23% had certificate level education, and 11% had a baccalaureate or masters degree. Ninety-five percent claimed they knew what informed consent was. Ninety percent were satisfied with the information given to them by doctors. Eighty percent, mainly with educational levels of high school and above, preferred to receive written information from doctors. Twenty three percent accessed other sources of information. Those with certificate level education talked with previously operated patients (10%) or read magazines (2%), while the internet was favored by almost all of those with baccalaureate degrees (8%) and all those with masters degrees (2%). Of those who accessed self-gathered information, 21% were not satisfied while only 2% were satisfied. Seventy percent considered the information given by doctors very important. Similarly, seventy percent (mostly from the higher educational levels) considered the impact of information provided by the doctor completely convincing for decision making, while thirty percent (mostly from lower educational levels) only found the information partly convincing. Forty nine percent (again from the lower educational levels), could not list even a single complication. Nineteen percent, with educational levels of certificate and above, wanted to know all complications of surgery, including those that were very rare while fifty six percent wanted to know most of the complications.  Conclusion: We should not underestimate the importance of the outpatient consultation, the importance of written material and non medical information sources as patients’ expectations are quite high and the majority of them wanted to be informed about most complications.  We should also find ways to improve the provision of patient information, and where possible and appropriate, as per specific patient groups.   Key words: Informed consent, otorhinolaryngology, surgical procedures

Hospital Informatization in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Internet-Based Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zeng ◽  
Weiguo Zhu ◽  
Caiyou Wang ◽  
Liyan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The rapid spread of COVID-19 has created a severe challenge to China’s healthcare system. Hospitals across the country reacted quickly under the leadership of the Chinese government and implemented a range of informatization measures to effectively respond to the COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of the pandemic on the medical business of Chinese hospitals and the difficulties faced by hospital informatization construction. To discuss the application of hospital informatization measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. To summarize the practical experience of hospitals using information technology to fight the pandemic. METHODS Performing a cross-sectional on-line questionnaire survey in Chinese hospitals, of which the participants are invited including hospital information staff, hospital administrators, medical staff, etc. Statistical analyzing the collected data by using SPSS version 24. RESULTS A total of 804 valid questionnaires (88.45%) are collected in this study from 30 provinces in mainland China, of which 731 (90.92%) were filled out by hospital information staff. 473 (58.83%) hospitals are tertiary hospitals while the remaining 331 (41.17%) are secondary hospitals. The majority hospitals (82.46%) had a drop in their business volume during the pandemic and a more substantial drop is found in tertiary hospitals. 70.40% (n=566) of hospitals have upgraded or modified their information systems in response to the epidemic. The proportion of tertiary hospitals that upgraded or modified systems is significantly higher than that of secondary hospitals. Internet hospital consultation (70.52%), pre-check and triage (62.56%), telemedicine (60.32%), health QR code (57.71%), and telecommuting (50.87%) are the most used informatization anti-pandemic measures. There are obvious differences in the application of information measures between tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals. Among these measures, most of them (41.17%) are aiming at serving patients and most of them (62.38%) are universal which continue to be used after pandemic. The informatization measures are mostly used to control the source of infection (48.19%), such as health QR Code, etc. During the pandemic, the main difficulties faced by the hospital information department are “information construction projects are hindered” (58.96%) and “increased difficulty in ensuring network information security” (58.58%). There are significant differences in this issue between tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals. The shortcomings of hospital informatization that should be made up for are “shorten patient consultation time and optimize consultation process” (72.51%), “Ensure network information security” (72.14%) and “build internet hospital consultations platform” (59.95%). CONCLUSIONS A significant number of innovative medical information technology have been used and played a significant role in all phases of COVID-19 prevention and control in China. Since the COVID-19 brought many challenges and difficulties for informatization work, hospitals need to constantly improve their own information technology skills to respond to public health emergencies that arise at any moment.

scholarly journals Prevalence and quality of life in high school pupils with acne in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Peric ◽  
Natasa Maksimovic ◽  
Janko Jankovic ◽  
Biljana Mijovic ◽  
Vesna Reljic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Serbian Version ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Background/Aim. Acne is a common problem in adolescent children with considerable emotional and psychological effects. The aim of this study was to determine the self-reported prevalence of acne and to assess its impact on the quality of life in high school pupils in Serbia. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2011 in two medical high schools in Serbia. Only pupils who gave a written informed consent to participate in the study (n = 440) were asked to fill in two questionnaires: short demographic questionnaire and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), a disease-specific questionnaire measuring disability induced by acne. Internal consistency (tested by Cronbach?s alpha) and item-total score correlations (Spearman's correlation analysis) were used for reliability analyses. Results. The study population consisted of 440 pupils, 281 from Belgrade and 159 from Uzice. Among them 371 (84.3%) were girls and 69 (15.7%) boys, with similar sex distribution in Belgrade and Uzice. The total mean age of pupils was 16.48 years (SD = 0.55). Out of 440 pupils 228 (51.8%) self-reported their acne. The acne prevalence was significantly higher in pupils from Uzice (73.6%) than in those from Belgrade (39.6%). The overall mean CADI score for the whole sample was 2.87 ? 2.74, with the similar quality of life impairment in adolescents from Belgrade and from Uzice. The mean Cronbach?s alpha was 0.82. Conclusion. This study shows that the quality of life impairment due to acne is mild for the majority of the affected pupils. The Serbian version of the CADI is a reliable, valid, and valuable tool for assessing the impact of acne on the quality of life.

scholarly journals Timing and Reasons Behind Single-Sport Specialization in Soccer: A Survey of 64 Major League Soccer Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Derrick M. Knapik ◽  
Katherine H. Rizzone ◽  
James E. Voos
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
School Location ◽  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League ◽  
The Impact

Background: Single-sport specialization at the exclusion of other sports has become increasingly popular in youth sporting culture. The purpose of this study was to survey Major League Soccer (MLS) athletes to examine factors influencing the timing of single-sport specialization in soccer. Hypothesis: The majority of surveyed athletes will have participated in multiple sports prior to specialization and specialized primarily as a result of a coach’s recommendation, with no significant impact on specialization timing stemming from birth or high school location, obtaining a collegiate scholarship, MLS experience, or position. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Anonymous surveys were distributed to 3 MLS organizations and completed by MLS athletes during preseason physicals. Surveys evaluated the age and reason(s) behind an athlete’s decision to specialize in soccer, birth location, geographic high school location for US-born athletes, participation in a developmental league, college scholarship, years in the MLS, and position played. Results: Approximately 74% (64/86) of athletes returned completed surveys. Athletes reported beginning soccer at a mean age of 5.1 ± 2.1 years and specializing at age 12.6 ± 4.3 years. Athletes who participated in no other sports prior to specialization ( P < 0.001), athletes reporting soccer to be their first sport played at an advanced level ( P < 0.001), and athletes receiving a college scholarship ( P = 0.02) specialized at a significantly younger age. Internationally born athletes specialized at significantly younger ages when compared with US-born athletes ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: The majority of athletes participated in multiple sports prior to specialization and eventually specialized to focus exclusively on soccer. The timing of sport specialization in professional MLS athletes was not associated with multisport participation prior to specialization, playing soccer at an advanced level prior to other sports, receiving a college scholarship, or being born outside the United States. Clinical Relevance: Timing of sport specialization is associated with multiple factors prior to athlete promotion to the MLS that warrant further investigation to better understand the impact of specialization on injury incidence, performance, and career length.

scholarly journals Consentimento Informado - Visão e Perspetivas de Adolescentes, Pais e Profissionais: Estudo Multicêntrico em Seis Hospitais

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Céu Machado ◽  
Rodrigo Sousa ◽  
Rosário Stone ◽  
Maria Inês Barreto ◽  
Filipa Garcês ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Leaflets ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Group Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Attending Physicians

Introduction: According to the Convention on the Rights of Children and the national standards of the Portuguese Directorate-General for Health, adolescents have the right to make decisions about their own health. The aim of this study was to identify the dynamics of the implementation of assent and informed consent in hospital settings.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional and multicentre study based on surveys, which included adolescents from 14 to 18 years and their parents. Heads of departments of Pediatrics and attending physicians were also interviewed.Results: 194 responses from adolescents and parents were collected, and 46 interviews were conducted with physicians and heads of department. Adolescents and parents consider participation in decision making important, but parents value their own participation significantly higher (91.7% vs 47.8%, p < 0.001 in the 14 - 15 year group, 91.8% vs 53, (89.6% vs 69.6%, p = 0.016 in the 14 - 15 year group, 91.8% vs 69.4%, p = 0.005 in the 16 - 17 years group). Information leaflets are difficult to understand by teenagers. The eight heads of department felt that doctors have awareness towards communication with teenagers but have little time available. Of the 38 attending physicians, 36 said they had learned from their older colleagues and confirmed gaps in postgraduate training.Discussion: This pioneering study in Portugal enabled the identification of areas that can be optimized, through health education programs for parents and adolescents, written information that is adequate to the different age groups, training in undergraduate education for medical students and also education in health institutions for professionals.Conclusion: Adolescents and parents, are unaware of legal and ethical standards for consent and assent. The implementation of the adolescents’ right to informed assent / informed consent was not observed. Our proposal is to implement local programs for adolescents and parents.

scholarly journals Game-Related Impacts in High School Boys’ Lacrosse

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596711983558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane V. Caswell ◽  
Patricia Kelshaw ◽  
Andrew E. Lincoln ◽  
Lisa Hepburn ◽  
Reginald Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
The Impact

Background: The rate of concussions in boys’ lacrosse is reported to be the third highest among high school sports in the United States, but no studies have described game-related impacts among boys’ lacrosse players. Purpose: To characterize verified game-related impacts, both overall and those directly to the head, in boys’ varsity high school lacrosse. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 77 male participants (mean age, 16.6 ± 1.2 years; mean height, 1.77 ± 0.05 m; mean weight, 73.4 ± 12.2 kg) were instrumented with sensors and were videotaped during 39 games. All verified game-related impacts ≥20 g were summarized in terms of frequency, peak linear acceleration (PLA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV). Descriptive statistics and impact rates per player-game (PG) with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated. Results: Overall, 1100 verified game-related impacts were recorded (PLA: median, 33.5 g [interquartile range (IQR), 25.7-51.2]; PRV: median, 1135.5 deg/s [IQR, 790.0-1613.8]) during 795 PGs. The rate for all verified game-related impacts was 1.38 impacts per PG (95% CI, 1.30-1.47). Of these, 680 (61.8%) impacts (PLA: median, 35.9 g [IQR, 26.7-55.5]; PRV: 1170.5 deg/s [IQR, 803.2-1672.8]) were directly to the head (impact rate, 0.86 impacts/PG [95% CI, 0.79-0.92]). Overall, midfielders (n = 514; 46.7%) sustained the most impacts, followed by attackers (n = 332; 30.2%), defenders (n = 233; 21.2%), and goalies (n = 21; 1.9%). The most common mechanisms for overall impacts and direct head impacts were contact with player (overall: n = 706 [64.2%]; head: n = 397 [58.4%]) and stick (overall: n = 303 [27.5%]; head: n = 239 [35.1%]), followed by ground (overall: n = 73 [6.6%]; head: n = 26 [3.8%]) and ball (overall: n = 15 [1.4%]; head: n = 15 [2.2%]). Direct head impacts were associated with a helmet-to-helmet collision 31.2% of the time, and they were frequently (53.7%) sustained by the players delivering the impact. Nearly half (48.8%) of players delivering contact used their helmets to initiate contact that resulted in a helmet-to-helmet impact. Players receiving a head impact from player contact were most often unprepared (75.9%) for the collision. Conclusion: The helmet is commonly used to initiate contact in boys’ high school lacrosse, often targeting defenseless opponents. Interventions to reduce head impacts should address rules and coaching messages to discourage intentional use of the helmet and encourage protection of defenseless opponents.

Concussion knowledge, attitude and reporting intention in rugby coaches and high school rugby players

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412096120
Author(s):  
Danielle M Salmon ◽  
Janelle Romanchuk ◽  
S John Sullivan ◽  
Simon Walters ◽  
Amanda Clacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reporting Intentions

The aim of this study was to evaluate New Zealand high school rugby union players’ and community coaches’ concussion knowledge (CK), concussion attitude (CA) and concussion reporting intentions (CRI) and to explore the impact gender, age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, experience, and concussion history had on these outcome measures. This cross-sectional study utilised the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes survey to evaluate CK, CA and CRI. The survey and demographic information were completed by 533 high school players (61.5% male, M = 16.2 yrs) and 733 community rugby coaches (93.0% male, M = 42.2 yrs). Coaches displayed greater awareness, safer attitudes, and stronger reporting intentions towards concussion than players. Among players, differences in CK, CA and CRI were observed by gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Among coaches, differences in CRI were found by age and coaching experience. No differences were observed for age or concussion history in players. Gender, ethnicity, and grade coached were not significant for coaches. Players who identified as Māori or Pasifika and those from schools in low socio-economic areas displayed poorer CK and CA. Years of experience for both players and coaches played a critical role in improving CA and is a factor that should be considered when welcoming new participants to either role. Concussion non-disclosure is a systemic issue and is common across gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status and appears to worsen as the playing season progresses. More work is needed to develop educational strategies that are both culturally responsive, sustainable, and address reporting behaviours.

scholarly journals Effect of suicidality on clinical and behavioural outcomes in HIV positive adults in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254830
Author(s):  
Godfrey Zari Rukundo ◽  
Jonathan Levin ◽  
Richard Stephen Mpango ◽  
Vikram Patel ◽  
Eugene Kinyanda
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction Suicidality is a risk of a person committing suicide often characterized by suicidal ideation, intent or attempts. Despite the high burden of suicidality among individuals living with HIV and HAIDS, there is paucity of data on the impact of suicidality on clinical (such as CD4 counts and HIV disease progression) and behavioural outcomes (such as adherence to HIV Medications). Cross-sectional investigations of these associations are often complicated by bidirectional causal relationships and hence the need for longitudinal study designs. We conducted a cohort study to determine the impact of suicidality on clinical and behavioural outcomes among adults living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Materials and methods We conducted the study among 1099 ART naïve adults living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Data were collected at three time points: baseline, 6 and 12 months. Multiple regression and discrete time survival models were used to determine the relationship between suicidality and indices of HIV outcomes. Results Majority of the participants were female and the participant mean age was 35 years. Most of them (73%) had primary or no formal education. The proportion of participants with suicidality decreased from 2.9% at baseline to roughly 1% both at month 6 and month 12. Of the investigated clinical and behavioural outcomes, baseline suicidality only had a negative impact on missing a dose of ART where the odds of missing a dose of ART were 8.25 (95% CI 2.45–27.71, p>0.01) times higher for participants with suicidality compared to those without suicidality. The following outcomes were not significantly impacted by baseline suicidality: HIV clinical stage, CD4 count and risky sexual behaviour. Conclusions The fact that baseline suicidality significantly negatively impacted ART adherence calls for the incorporation of psychosocial interventions to target indices of psychological distress such as suicidality to improve HIV related outcomes.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge for Healthcare Professionals and Assessment of Anxiety Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Maestro ◽  
Sabina Šegalo ◽  
Dinko Remić ◽  
Arzija Pašalić ◽  
Anes Jogunčić
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Worldwide, COVID-19 pandemic caused millions of infected people and thousands of deaths. Due to enormous pressure on health-care systems and its inadequate preparedness, utter collapse is expected. In the current epidemic response, healthcare workers’ (HCWs) knowledge and practice are crucial, while the impact on their mental health is still unknown.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs redeployed to COVID points in the Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton. According to guidelines and information provided by the World Health Organization and Ministries of Health, a questionnaire was developed. In addition, General Anxiety Disorder-7 as a screening tool for anxiety disorders was used.Results: Of 180 respondents, 26 (14.4%) were in direct contact with the sick patient. In total, 79 (43.9%) respondents consider their personal protective equipment is in accordance with the guidelines of the world health authorities. A total of 72 (39.7%) of respondents used the same mask for several days. In general, the danger from new coronavirus was considered minimal by 59 (32,6%) HCWs. Based on the achieved score for assessing the anxiety disorder, in 63 (35%) subjects, the presence of severe symptoms was detected.Conclusion: This study found that most HCWs do not have enough knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified that there are differences in the sources of information and gap in perceptions of the native origin of the virus. Considering the frequency of anxiety symptoms among HCWs, interventions are necessary in order to preserve their mental health.

Diklat Keterampilan Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru Taman Pendidikan Qur’an

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-529
Author(s):  
Lilik Sri Hariani ◽  
Endah Andayani
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Implementation Plan ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
The Impact

Pesantren "Asy-Syadzili" Pakis Malang currently has both formal and non-formal education which is experiencing rapid growth, marked by the increasing number of students coming from various regions of Java and outside with the number of santri more than 350 people. To organizing the Islamic Boarding School for the Qur'an, Madrasah Diniyah and the Qur'an Education Park, it also organizes junior and senior high school education, but the management is still simple and the majority of Ustadzahs have never attended education or training that supports their duties. The development of increasingly rapid technology, teaching staff must be able to compensate by increasing competence for themselves, so that learning is more fun and meaningful. The strategy developed is the introduction of multimedia-based learning to improve quality, become urgent demands and needs to be done. This training will be attended by all TPQ teachers and TPQ teachers, amounting to 30 people. The impact is that 83.33% of students have begun to understand the concept of multimedia-based learning, 33.33% of clerics have the ability or learning skills using simple mindmapping, 50% of clerics are able to practice the concepts of learning correctly, and 26.67% of clerics are able make a Learning Implementation Plan.

scholarly journals Examining Vaccine Hesitancy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Survey of the Knowledge and Attitudes among Adults to Receive COVID-19 Vaccines in Ghana

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Theophilus Acheampong ◽  
Eli A. Akorsikumah ◽  
John Osae-Kwapong ◽  
Musah Khalid ◽  
Alfred Appiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Iterative Proportional Fitting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination programmes on disease transmission, morbidity and mortality relies heavily on the population’s willingness to accept the vaccine. We explore Ghanaian adult citizens’ vaccine hesitancy attitudes and identify the likelihood of participation or non-participation in the government’s effort to get citizens vaccinated. A fully anonymised cross-sectional online survey of 2345 adult Ghanaians was conducted from 23 to 28 February 2021. Differences in intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccination were explored using Pearson Chi-square tests. Additionally, multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the factors associated with willingness to receive vaccines. Responses were weighted using the iterative proportional fitting technique to generate a representative sample. About half (51%) of mostly urban adult Ghanaians over 15 years are likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine if made generally available. Almost a fifth (21%) of the respondents were unlikely to take the vaccine, while another 28% were undecided. Additionally, we find differences in vaccine hesitancy among some socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and primary sources of information. Attaining the proverbial 63% to 70% herd immunity threshold in Ghana is only possible if the preventive vaccination programmes are combined with an enhanced and coordinated public education campaign. Such a campaign should focus on promoting the individual and population-level benefits of vaccination and pre-emptive efforts towards addressing misinformation about vaccines.

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