Evaluation of Knowledge, Practices, Attitude, and Anxiety of Nurses towards COVID-19 during the Current Outbreak in Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Shaheena Salman Alwani ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Majeed ◽  
Zoobia Ramzan ◽  
Shahzad Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Saad Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Background: Since the emergence of the novel coronavirus, the front line soldiers during this pandemic are the healthcare professionals because of their direct association with COVID19 patients. In the management of such patients, nurses play a significant role through proper care and preventive measures. Due to its contagious nature, fatality, and no proper medicine, it is a risk to the health and life of nurses and has an impact on their psychological health. The aim of the current study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, and anxiety levels of the frontline nurses. Methods: It was an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey targeting only those nurses involved in the management of COVID-19 patients from different hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Descriptive analysis, Chi-Square, and t-tests were applied. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Data of 78 nurses were analyzed. We observed that nurses possess good knowledge about COVID-19, its sources, symptoms, and routes of transmission of the Virus, etc. The knowledge mean score was calculated at 14.67 ± 3.36. Health Department /Hospital and social media are the main sources of information regarding COVID-19. We investigated that 92.3% of the nurses had mild to severe anxiety and anxiety levels are significantly higher among females (P<0.05). Conclusion:-We concluded that the nurses performing their duties with COVID-19 positive patients have good knowledge and attitude. But their anxiety levels are high. Psychological interventions along with training should be given.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Knowledge, Practices, Attitude and Anxiety of Pakistan’s Nurses towards COVID-19 during the Current Outbreak in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Alwani ◽  
MM Majeed ◽  
MZ Hirwani ◽  
S Rauf ◽  
SM Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Levels

AbstractSince the emergence of the novel corona virus, the front line soldiers during this pandemic are the healthcare professionals because of their direct association with COVID19 patients. In the management of such patients, nurses play a significant role through proper care and preventive measures. Due to its contagious nature, fatality and no proper medicine, it is a risk to the health and life of nurses and has an impact on their psychological health.In the current study we assessed the knowledge, attitude, practices and anxiety levels of nurses who are directly involved in the management of COVID-19 patients.It was an online questionnaire based cross sectional survey targeting only those nurses involved in the management of COVID-19 patients from different hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Descriptive analysis, Chi Square and t-tests were applied. P value < 0.05 was considered significant.Data of 78 nurses was analyzed. We observed that nurses possess good knowledge about COVID-19, its sources, symptoms and routes of transmission of the Virus etc. The knowledge mean score was calculated 14.67 ± 3.36. Health department /Hospital and social media are the main sources of information regarding COVID-19. We investigated that 92.3% of the nurses had mild to very severe anxiety and anxiety levels are significantly higher among females (P< 0.05).We concluded that the nurses performing their duties with COVID-19 positive patients have good knowledge and attitude. But their anxiety levels are high. Psychological interventions along with training should be given.

scholarly journals Analyzing Predictors of Control Measures and Psychosocial Problems Associated with COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Eight Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Sheikh Saifur Rahman Jony ◽  
Ubydul Haque ◽  
Nathaniel J. Webb ◽  
Emily Spence ◽  
Md. Siddikur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Determinant

COVID-19 has harshly impacted communities globally. This study provides relevant information for creating equitable policy interventions to combat the spread of COVID-19. This study aims to predict the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the COVID-19 pandemic at a global level to determine control measures and psychosocial problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to October 2020 using an online questionnaire. Questionnaires were initially distributed to academicians worldwide. These participants distributed the survey among their social, professional, and personal groups. Responses were collected and analyzed from 67 countries, with a sample size of 3031. Finally, based on the number of respondents, eight countries, including Bangladesh, China, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, the United States, and Zambia were rigorously analyzed. Specifically, questionnaire responses related to COVID-19 accessibility, behavior, knowledge, opinion, psychological health, and susceptibility were collected and analyzed. As per our analysis, age groups were found to be a primary determinant of behavior, knowledge, opinion, psychological health, and susceptibility scores. Gender was the second most influential determinant for all metrics except information about COVID-19 accessibility, for which education was the second most important determinant. Respondent profession was the third most important metric for all scores. Our findings suggest that greater encouragement from government health authorities and the promotion of health education and policies are essential in the dissemination of COVID-19-awareness and increased control of the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Knowledge and Anxiety Levels toward COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-363
Author(s):  
Fatmah Alsharif
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Health Organization

Background: In the battle against the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, medical care staff, especially nurses, are at a higher risk of encountering psychological health issues and distress, such as stress, tension, burdensome indications, and, most importantly, fear. They are also at higher risk of becoming infected and transmitting this virus. In Saudi Arabia, it was noticed that the healthcare workforce suffered from anxiety, and that this more evident in women than men. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of nurses regarding COVID-19 and the level of anxiety toward the COVID-19 outbreak in the current pandemic situation. Design: A cross-sectional design was used and a validated self-administered online questionnaire with a set of questions related to COVID-19 was distributed to 87 participating nurses. Results: The results showed that more than half of the nurses (71.90%) had an adequate and good knowledge about the causes, transmission, symptoms, treatment, and death rate of COVID-19. The main sources of information for the nurses were social media (51.7%) and the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health (36.8%). Conclusions: The results allowed the conclusion that, though the nurses had satisfactory knowledge about COVID-19, more than 50% of them experienced mental health issues such as anxiety. To address this, along with providing more knowledge about COVID-19, nurses should be supported in managing their anxiety.

scholarly journals PREDICTORS OF UPTAKE OF A POTENTIAL COVID-19 VACCINE AMONG NIGERIAN ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Oluwatemitope Olomofe ◽  
Victor Kehinde Soyemi ◽  
Bolaji Felicia Udomah ◽  
Adeyinka Olabisi Owolabi ◽  
Emmanuel Eziashi Ajumuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
The Face ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) pandemic is not abating and there is no approved treatment yet. The development of vaccines is hoped to help in addressing this disease outbreak. However, in the face of anti-vaccines uprise, it is important to understand the factors that may influence the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines as this will influence how successful the fight against COVID-19 will be in the long term.MethodsA cross-sectional study among 776 adult Nigerians (age ≥18 years) was conducted in the 36 States of Nigeria and the Capital City with online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 5 sections: socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, respondent’s knowledge of COVID-19, respondents risk perception of COVID-19, vaccination history of respondents, and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive analysis of variables was done and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was carried out to determine the predictors of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine. The level of significance was predetermined at a p-value < 0.05. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21.ResultsMost of the respondents were male (58.1%). Most participants were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine (58.2%), while 19.2% would not take it with 22.6% indecisive. 53.5% would prefer a single dose COVID-19 vaccine. For vaccine uptake, being male (p= 0.002) and the perception that “vaccines are good” (p< 0.001) were the positive predictor of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionMost Nigerians were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine with the male gender and perception that “vaccines are good” being positive predictors. There is a need for public enlightenment aim at encouraging those that are indecisive or averse to receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Development: Exploring the Knowledge of Environmental Impact Assessment among Undergraduates in a Nigerian University

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Queencallista N Sidney- Nnebue ◽  
Anita O. Garba ◽  
Gbenga E. Fadiora ◽  
Felicia C. Etim ◽  
Amanda N. Ezenagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Efficient project management suffices that decision makers are adequately informed on the impacts of their actions and inactions on the environment. Objective: To explore the knowledge of environmental impact assessment (EIA) among undergraduates of the faculty of environmental sciences in a university in Nigeria.                                                Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional survey of 350 undergraduates selected via multistage sampling technique. Data were obtained using self- administered semi-structured questionnaires, and analysed using statistical package for social sciences software version 22. Statistical significance were done using Chi-square test at p value < 0.05. Results: Two hundred and eighteen (62.3%) respondents reported awareness of EIA and cited their sources of information on EIA as 111(50.6%) schools, 109 (50%) textbooks, etc. Only (12.6%) out of 350 respondents had good level of knowledge on EIA. Fifty one (14.6%) out of 350 respondents reported ever participated in EIA process, while 34 (9.7%) were participating in EIA process currently. The level of knowledge of EIA process among respondents significantly vary with [gender, p=0.002) and marital status, p= 0.032)] respectively. Conclusions: This study found apparently poor awareness of EIA, poor knowledge of EIA and poor participation in the EIA process. The level of knowledge on EIA vary significantly with gender and marital status. We recommend comprehensive but targeted, need- based environmental education to help create awareness, impart knowledge and equip these students with EIA strategies and skills to handle environmental challenges.

scholarly journals SELF-MEDICATION PRACTICES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
SHAKEEL AHMAD MIR ◽  
DANISH SHAKEEL ◽  
ZULFKAR LATIEF QADRI
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
It Impacts ◽  
University Level

Objective: Self-medication is a worldwide practice in which individuals, families, and/or communities choose pharmaceuticals to address health conditions without consulting a doctor. It impacts the health of people both negatively as well as positively. This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-medication for COVID-19 like symptoms during the pandemic. Methods: This is an online questionnaire-based survey on the perceptions and use of certain drugs for COVID-like symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. 168 people responded to the questionnaire. Results: Out of 168 respondents, 53.0% were males. 71.4% were below 30 years of age and, 25.6% were 31–60 years. The majority (72.6%) were unmarried. 50.0% had studied up to university level. 49.4% were unemployed. 39.9% were healthcare workers. 59.9% had suffered from respiratory symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. All those who developed symptoms had self-medicated. The most commonly used drugs were Paracetamol (85.0%), Azithromycin (58.0%), Expectorants (30.0%), Ivermectin (18.0%), Doxycycline (16.0%), Corticosteroids (7.0%), and Hydroxychloroquine (4.0%). The major sources of information about the disease and drugs were pharmacists (46.6%) and the internet (28.0%). Conclusion: There were significant percentages of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the drugs without sufficient scientific evidence.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Knowledge among Healthcare Professionals in Gombe, Northeast, Nigeria: A Quick Online Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Rabiu Ibrahim ◽  
Abdulsalam Yakubu ◽  
Ahmed Iya Girei ◽  
Danladi Muhammed Umar
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: Despite control measures adopted to check the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, healthcare workers still face a serious threat to infection due to SARS-CoV-2 virus. Adherence to control measures by healthcare workers depends on their knowledge. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of COVID-19 and related infection control practices among healthcare professionals in Gombe State. Mythology: A cross sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in Gombe. Relying on our network with the healthcare professionals, 500 participants were recruited into the study using simple random sampling method.  The data were collected using online questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic questions and 17questions based on knowledge and infection control practices related to COVID-19 disease in the healthcare setting adapted from a study in India. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 at uni-variate and bivariate levels with p value at < 0.05. Results: Close to three-fourth (72.1%) of the participants reported correct answer about knowledge of COVID-19, thus overall knowledge was found to be adequate for all subgroups. About four-fifth (78.9%) of doctors’ responses were correct. and the lowest (65.5%) was from CHOs, Laboratory assistants and health recorders. 43.7% of the participants could correctly define “close contact.” More than three-fourths of the participants knew the various infection control measures like rapid triage, respiratory hygiene, and cough etiquette and having a separate, well ventilated waiting area for suspected COVID-19 patients. However, less than half (47.8) of the participants were aware of the correct sequence for the application of a mask/respirator, and 62.2% of them knew the preferred hand hygiene method for visibly soiled hands. Conclusion: Regular health educational programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge and infection control are needed.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN (PHASE 2) AMONG INDIAN GENERAL POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pragati Kaurani ◽  
Kavita Batra ◽  
Himangini Rathore Hooja
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented disruption of all spheres of life, including health, financial, and socio behavioral. Given the rampant nature of the pandemic, several nations, including India has instituted stringent public health measures, with one being nationwide lockdown, to mitigate COVID-19 transmission. Previous studies reported increased stress and anxiety levels among general population during phase 1 (complete) lockdown, however, the effect of extended lockdown (phase 2) on mental health outcomes remains the subject of investigation till today. Therefore, this cross-sectional study endeavors to assess the psychological outcomes among general population during phase 2 lockdown. The online questionnaire surveyed 627 individuals from the general population using a non-probability snowball sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, including the frequency distribution, mean and standard deviations were generated. Mean differences across groups were analyzed through independent-samples- t and analysis of variance tests. Consistent with previous studies, our results indicated a higher mean score of anxiety and stress among females compared to males. Young adults aged between 21-39 years had the highest mean stress and anxiety scores compared to other categories. The mean anxiety score increased from retired (M=3.96, SD=4.76, to students (M=7.04, SD=7.11), to unemployed (M=9.0, SD=6.53) occupation groups. The findings of this study highlight the need for designing psychosocial regulatory frameworks and suitable interventions to address the needs of those being mentally traumatized by the pandemic and associated lockdowns. The study also advocates for establishing psychological health monitoring and telepsychiatry systems for identifying and treating mental health problems.

scholarly journals Reasons for not seeking early dental care in patients presenting in the exodontia department at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113
Author(s):  
Anoosha Waseem ◽  
◽  
Varda Hussain ◽  
Rida Binte Zahid ◽  
Maliha Shahbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Department ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Objective: The aim was to gain insight on patient factors and administrative shortcomings in the dental health department that prevent patients from seeking timely dental care. Study Design: Cross Sectional Survey. Setting: Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Period: 7 January 2020 to 28 February 2020. Material & Methods: A structured close ended questionnaire was filled by information obtained from 400 patients that presented in the Exodontia OPD requiring extractions due to irreversible tooth damage. The data was collected from 244 (61%) females and 156 (39%) males. It was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and post stratification chi-square test was applied to see the significance of all comparative statistics. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of 400 patients, 350 had not visited a dentist when the symptoms first appeared. Of these n=213 (60.86%) were females and n=137 (39.14%) were males. Majority of the patients were in the age range of 40-65 years and belonged to the low socioeconomic class n=213 (60.9%). The main causes of patients presenting now were pain and swelling. The major reasons reported for delayed visit were: “Self-medication” n=113 (24.57%),” Symptoms will resolve on their own” n=79 (17.17%),” No awareness” n=64 (13.91%),” Non serious and lazy attitude” n=39 (8.48%) and “Busy schedule” n=36 (7.83%). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that only a small proportion of people visited the dentist when the symptoms first appeared. Most of the patients ignored their symptoms to such an extent that the only possible treatment that could be offered was extraction of the concerned tooth. There was a general misconception that dental diseases are not very serious and can be resolved by over the counter medications. Thus, more dental awareness programs should be incorporated in the government health policy to increase focus on oral health.

Perception of Malaria Transmission and Preventive Strategies among Adolescents in Rivers State, South-South Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nneka Gabriel-Job ◽  
Joyce Okagua
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Rivers State

Introduction: Malaria is a cause of mortality in African. Though preventable it has remained a public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa where more than 90% of all malaria cases occur. The study is intended to determine the perception of malaria transmission and prevention among adolescent in Rivers State. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adolescents in secondary schools in Port Harcourt.  A Self-administered questionnaire was employed for data collection. Descriptive analysis was carried out. Comparing two mean was by t-test while test for significance was by chi square. In all a p value of ≤ 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results: Results of the 969 subjects 445 (45.9%) were males while 524 (54.1%) were females. The mean age was 14.3 ± 1.2 years. All the respondent (100%) had heard of malaria, 957 (98.8%) were aware that mosquito was the vector, 923(95.3%) reported that the mode of transmission was through a bite by mosquito. Misconception regarding transmission of malaria was identified among 46(4.7%) participants. 760 (78.4%) of them possessed Insecticidal Treated Nets (ITN). Factors that enhanced ITN use among the respondents includes being a Junior student (p<0.001, OR=12.48, CI= 8.07-19.31), higher socioeconomic class (p<0.001, OR= 2.39, CI=1.71-3.33) while age and family size were not significantly associated. Conclusion: Adolescents in Rivers State have considerable information on malaria transmission and prevention however utilization of ITN is poor. Health education is needed to enhance the use of ITN among adolescents in Rivers State.

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