scholarly journals MOTHERS KNOWLEDGE RELATED PREVENTIVE MEASURE OF PNEUMONIA IN SLUM COMMUNITY, KARACHI, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-159
Author(s):  
Adeel Eliyas ◽  
Badil Das Goil ◽  
Shaheen Sherali ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Kamran Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Participant ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
Slum Community

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death of children under five years of age. The considerable number of children having pneumonia has difficulty to reach health services in the appropriate time due to their mother's failure to recognize the seriousness of their infection. Methods: Present cross-sectional study was performed by using a close-ended, adapted questionnaire comprising of 15 closed-ended items. Data was gathered through a convenient sampling method. The calculated sample size was 120 subjects of the female gender. Written consent was taken from each participant before filling of the questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21.00. Results: Out of 120 subjects, 59.2% study participant was illiterate, 51.6% subjects were in the age group of 31 to 41 years. 15.8% of women had fair knowledge whereas 55.5% of women did not have knowledge about pneumonia. And 28.7% of women they did not know what is pneumonia. 60.8 % of respondents were unable to recognize sign and symptoms of pneumonia. Only 19.2% of participants know vaccination of pneumonia should be made essential for children. Conclusion: The study concluded that mother had scanty knowledge of pneumonia its preventive measure, and immunization. The government should also provide awareness through mass media, so that the mortality and morbidity rates can be reduced and many valuable lives can be protected.

scholarly journals Work-environmental determinants of mass fainting illness among textile factory workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Maly Phy ◽  
Twisuk Pungpeng ◽  
Chaweewon Boonshuyar ◽  
Thanu Chartananondh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a brief screening instrument to identify risk factors of factory workers experiencing mass fainting illness (MFI) due to work-environmental determinants. Design/methodology/approach A factory-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 740 workers in October 2017 and was completed with face-to-face interviews. Data analyses included univariate logistic regression, backward stepwise linear regression and multiple logistic regression. Sum scores on significant items and receiver operator characteristic curves were used to compute potential cut-off points and the sensitivity and specificity rates. Findings Significant work-environmental factors were identified as working at very high speeds, having less influence on the choice of working partners, perceived high temperature at work, having less opportunity to do their best at work, and concern about losing a job in the next six months. In developing a screening instrument, a 6.5 cut-off point that corresponded to 99.6 percent sensitivity and 92.2 percent specificity was identified. Originality/value The study concludes that this MFI-instrument could potentially be used to prevent MFI. By understanding the policy implications, the government body, employers, workers, development partners and stakeholders should work toward preventing MFI. Implementing a preventive measure is therefore warranted due to the health education impact.

scholarly journals Parental Declaration of Adverse Event Following Immunization in a Cross-Sectional Study in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Barański ◽  
Maksymilian Gajda ◽  
Bogumiła Braczkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Product ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Number Of Children

Vaccines are a well-known and effective preventive measure in communicable diseases. However, like any medical product, vaccines can cause some adverse effects. With increasing population awareness, the number of reported events related to vaccination has increased. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and type of reported adverse events following childhood immunization (AEFI), and to recognize the determinant of their occurrence related with a socio-demographic situation, parental knowledge, and/or opinions on vaccinations. Material and Methods: The self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to a group of 3000 random parents or legal guardians living in the Silesian Voivodship (the southern part of Poland) in 2016. The response rate was eventually 41.3% from 1239 participants. Both, the number of children and the percentage of vaccinations given in the studied region, was representative for Poland as a whole. Results: Approximately one-third (32%) of surveyed parents declared the occurrence of AEFI in their children. The most frequently declared AEFIs were: redness, pain, swelling at the injection site (27%), and fever (24.9%). The frequency of reported AEFI was associated with a higher level of parental education and the number of vaccinations given. A negative attitude toward vaccination and the belief that vaccination is unsafe were associated with a higher number of reported AEFI. Conclusions: The results obtained confirmed that the number of declared mild and moderate AEFI is related to a lower parental educational level and is associated with a better experience as a consequence of a higher number of vaccinations given. Frequent AEFI reporters represent negative attitudes toward vaccinations. Further investigation with the exact surveillance system is needed to improve parental trust in vaccination safety.

scholarly journals COVID-19 – what do we know and how are we dealing with it? A quick online cross-sectional study in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Verma ◽  
Dhanshree R Gunjawate ◽  
Sanny Bhushan Kumar ◽  
CNV Sai Bharath ◽  
Rohit Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Infection Spread

PurposeCoronavirus disease 2019 is a global public health emergency affecting almost the entire world. The exponential spread of the infection has become a matter of concern. The study aims to determine how well people in India know about COVID-19 outbreak and actions taken to cope up during lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA total of 5,000 randomly selected participants were sent the survey link, of which 1,526 responded (response rate of 30.5%). The survey was conducted from March 28 till March 31, 2020. The 20-item questionnaire aimed to determine how well people know about COVID-19 outbreak as well as actions taken to cope up during the lockdown. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings.FindingsParticipants exhibited good knowledge about the primary and secondary symptoms of COVID-19 and infection spread. Over 95% participants knew preventive measures such as use of masks, sanitizers and hand wash. And, 80% of the participants felt that steps taken by the government are effective, while 93% opined that lockdown would be effective. There was apprehension regarding the infection spread, its containment and age group affected. Over 60% referred the World Health Organization website as their source of information. During the lockdown, participants engaged in home-based exercise (39%) and yoga (28%) for fitness while used social media (64%) and television (63%) for entertainment.Originality/valueAlthough participants exhibited good knowledge related to symptoms and preventive measure related to COVID-19, the beliefs related to infection spread and containment need to be addressed. These should be targeted through health promotional campaigns focusing on mental health and home-based physical activities.

Compliance with packaging and labelling rules for tobacco products marketed in slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (e1) ◽  
pp. e13-e15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansuman Panigrahi ◽  
Dheeraj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Display Area ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
Promotional Messages ◽  
Packaging And Labelling ◽  
Slum Areas

BackgroundThe Government of India has been issuing notifications regarding packaging and labelling rules for tobacco products since 2003 under the ‘Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act’ (COTPA) guidelines.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was carried out during November 2016 to March 2017 to assess the extent of compliance with the COTPA prescribed packaging and labelling rules for packages of tobacco products marketed in 11 slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India. From 81 retail outlets, 42 different brands of tobacco products were purchased which consisted of 23 in smoking form (17 brands of cigarette, 6 brands of bidi) and 19 in smokeless form (9 brands of gutkha, 4 brands of khaini and 6 brands of betel quid with tobacco).ResultsIn most of the product packages, particularly in smokeless tobacco, the health warnings were not in compliance with the COTPA specifications. In a majority of the tobacco brands (69.0%), specified health warnings occupied less than the prescribed size of 85% of the principal display area of the package. Misleading descriptors and promotional messages were also present.ConclusionThe tobacco products marketed in Bhubaneswar slums were not in compliance with the packaging and labelling rules specified by COTPA. This underscores the need for strict implementation of COTPA guidelines and enforcement measures to assure full compliance.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Dengue: A Study among the Inhabitants of Malibagh of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nowshin Sharmila ◽  
Shah Ehsan Habib
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Government

Background: Dengue remains a major public health challenge causing death among many people in Bangladesh. The magnitude of dengue-related illness and death has significantly increased over recent years. Study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to Dengue fever. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 193 males and females who consented to participate in the study. Respondents were included purposively from selected areas in Malibagh an area classified as a stable dengue-prone region of the capital city. The survey was carried out by face-to-face interview using a pre-tested standardized and structured questionnaire. Results: The results reveal that dengue infection occurred in 20.2% of residents. Only 27.5% had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items), and 83.9% had a positive attitude, while 34.2% had a good compliance practice.  Knowledge was significantly associated with education, income, and age (p < 0.05). Misconceptions existed about the transmission of dengue – more than one-third (36.8%) reported that the Aedes aegypti mosquito could only breed in clean water, and 32.1% were aware of the biting time of the mosquito. Most participants (55.4%) strongly agreed that dengue is a serious illness, and over half (65.3%) reported that it could be prevented with coverage of vector control interventions. The majority (64.2%) used mosquito nets as a preventive measure, while over one-third (35.2%) reported they discarded waste, containers, and non-used bottles across their yards that hold water. Although the respondents had quite positive attitude of preventive measures regarding dengue (83.9%), a sizeable number (34.2%) did not put this attitude into practice. Conclusion: Poorly planned urbanization combined with an explosive urban population in the capital city has brought the mosquito and the human host into close proximity. The government should launch health education programs on dengue prevention to educate the community members, addressing misconceptions about their preventive measures and on how they could eliminate the risk factors related to practices.

scholarly journals Immunization coverage among anganwadi preschool children in Kannur, Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2042
Author(s):  
Anitha S. S. ◽  
A. K. Jayasree ◽  
Devaki Antherjanam S.
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The Government of India launched the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 1978 with the objective of reducing the mortality and morbidity resulting from vaccine-preventable diseases of childhood. The Coverage Evaluation Survey by UNICEF in 2009 reported that the percentage of children fully immunized in India is only 61%. The objective of this study was to assess the immunization coverage among preschool children attending Anganwadi in Kannur district.Methods: Cross-sectional study done during July 2013- June 2014 among Anganwadi pre-school children. Anganwadi centres were selected using multistage random sampling. The data regarding immunization and socio-demographic factors were collected by interviewing the mothers using a standardized questionnaire. Data was entered in Epi Data version 3.1 and analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 software.Results: In this study 456 preschool children (3-6 years) were studied. Among the study population, 429 children (94.1%) were fully immunized, 25 (5.5%) were partially immunized and 2 (0.4%) were non-immunized. The major reasons for not taking immunization as stated by the respondents were: religious beliefs, personal engagements at the time of immunization, fear of fever after immunization, and that the child had fever at the proposed date.Conclusions: The present study shows that regular follow up and motivation through systems like Anganwadi can improve immunization coverage. The study also identified that children taking vaccination from government sector are more likely to complete the schedule. 

scholarly journals MOTHER’S KNOWLEDGE AND PARTICIPATION IN MEASLES RUBELLA (MR) IMMUNIZATION FOR TODDLERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Haspita Rizki Syurya Handini ◽  
Yussie Ater Merry ◽  
Dhina Khairina
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Influential Variable

Measles rubella (MR) immunization is to provide immunity against measles and rubella. To reduce measles and rubella, the government carried out the MR immunization campaign. The target of MR immunization achievement is at 95%; however, in West Sumatra Province it is still at 38,98% and Padang City is at 47%. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factor as participation in MR immunization for toddlers. This analytic survey used a cross sectional study design. The population was mothers who had toddlers with a sample of 86 respondents taken by proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data processing was analyzed by bivariate and multivariate using chi square test and logistic regression. The results of the bivariate analysis showed factors related to MR immunization, namely knowledge (p = 0.003), level of education (p = 0.006), and attitude (p = 0.006), while employment (p = 0,222) and number of children (p = 0,160) were not related to MR immunization and the most influential variable was the level of knowledge with p value 0.009 and OR 0.28. It can be concluded that knowledge, education and attitude are related to maternal participation in MR immunization with the most influential variable being knowledge. Therefore, there needs to be innovation in providing counseling to mothers and families about the importance of MR immunization.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Dengue: A Study among the Inhabitants of Malibagh of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nowshin Sharmila ◽  
Shah Ehsan Habib
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Government

Background: Dengue remains a major public health challenge causing death among many people in Bangladesh. The magnitude of dengue-related illness and death has significantly increased over recent years. Study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to Dengue fever. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 193 males and females who consented to participate in the study. Respondents were included purposively from selected areas in Malibagh an area classified as a stable dengue-prone region of the capital city. The survey was carried out by face-to-face interview using a pre-tested standardized and structured questionnaire. Results: The results reveal that dengue infection occurred in 20.2% of residents. Only 27.5% had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items), and 83.9% had a positive attitude, while 34.2% had a good compliance practice.  Knowledge was significantly associated with education, income, and age (p < 0.05). Misconceptions existed about the transmission of dengue – more than one-third (36.8%) reported that the Aedes aegypti mosquito could only breed in clean water, and 32.1% were aware of the biting time of the mosquito. Most participants (55.4%) strongly agreed that dengue is a serious illness, and over half (65.3%) reported that it could be prevented with coverage of vector control interventions. The majority (64.2%) used mosquito nets as a preventive measure, while over one-third (35.2%) reported they discarded waste, containers, and non-used bottles across their yards that hold water. Although the respondents had quite positive attitude of preventive measures regarding dengue (83.9%), a sizeable number (34.2%) did not put this attitude into practice. Conclusion: Poorly planned urbanization combined with an explosive urban population in the capital city has brought the mosquito and the human host into close proximity. The government should launch health education programs on dengue prevention to educate the community members, addressing misconceptions about their preventive measures and on how they could eliminate the risk factors related to practices.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms in School Children: A Highly Consanguineous Community

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Bener
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
School Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government

Objective:The objective of the present study was to find the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity (ADH) symptoms in a highly consanguineous community.Design:A cross sectional study was conducted during October 2006 - January 2007.Subjects and methods:A total of 2500 primary school students, aged 6-12 years were randomly selected from the government primary schools and 1869 students (74.8%) gave consent to participate in this study.Results:Of the students surveyed, 50.7% were boys and 49.3% girls. The data revealed that 158 boys [16.7%; 95%CI (14.4-19.2] and 50 girls [5.4%;95%CI (4.1-7.1)] scored above the cut-off (≥15) for ADH symptoms, thus giving an overall prevalence of [11.1%; 95%CI (9.7-12.6)]. The Children who had higher score for ADH symptoms were in the age group 6-9 years. Children who had higher score for ADH symptoms had school performance poorer than those with lower scores (P=0.002). 200 children (96.2%) with ADH were disobedient, 60.6% noisy and hyperactive, 36.5% very cranky, 37.5% troublesome and 37.9% nervous. The logistic regression identified in our study that socio-economic condition, number of children, school performance and poor relationship between parents were the main contributors for ADH. This shows that the consanguinity has no impact on ADH children.Conclusion:The study revealed that ADH symptoms are found to be a common problem among the school children in Qatar. A significant difference was found between children with and without ADHD for their behaviour.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Preventive Behavior of COVID-19 Outbreak Among Community in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110125
Author(s):  
Normaliza Ab Malik ◽  
Rusyda Helma Mohd ◽  
Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second Wave

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak using an online self-administered questionnaire. A high percentage of the respondents had high knowledge and perceived self-efficacy scores. Most of them performed the government-recommended preventive measure such as hand washing for 20 seconds, wearing a face mask, use of hand disinfectant, avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth, cover mouth when coughing, staying home when sick, and not travelling abroad, as these are effective preventive measures to prevent the spread of the disease. However, less than half of the participants believed social distancing, self-quarantine, and avoiding crowded places were effective preventive measures. Enhancing social distancing along with other preventive measures help prevent the spread of COVID-19 transmission.

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