Numerical simulation of single and double slope solar still for temperature distribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Rohit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Condensation Process ◽  
Glass Temperature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Vapor Mixture ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Simulation Results

Water and the use of conventional energy sources are two significant problems of the world. Water is essential for sustenance. Human beings need of potable water at less consumption of non- renewable energy resources. There are many techniques to convert saline water into potable water. In this paper, three-phase, three dimensional a single slope and double slope single basin still both were prepared and simulated by using ANSYS FLUENT v19.2. Simulation results of solar stills were made by using evaporation as well as condensation process at the climate conditions of Delhi (27.0238° N, 74.2179° E). Within the scope of this study, simulation results of both systems were calculated and compared with each other. It is examined that temperature inside the single slope solar still is maximum from 13:00 to 14:00 hrs while double slope still has low temperature compared to single still. The maximum and minimum temperature of water-vapor mixture inside the single slope still were calculated 435.39K and 22.283K and maximum and minimum temperature on glass were 379 K and 16.22 K whereas in double slope, maximum and minimum temperature of water-vapor mixture inside the still were 92.12K and 25.60K and glass temperature were 76.154K and 19.22K Hence, due to temperature difference between glass surface and outer environment, more condensation will be in single slope. Inner water temperature is responsible for more evaporation and higher temperature more than 50? can be found in single slope still as compared to double slope. Hence, single slope still could be better there.

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical evaluation on performance of potable water productivity with rectangular fins basin triangular solar still

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramaniyan C ◽  
◽  
Prakash K B ◽  
Amarkarthik A ◽  
Kalidasan B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Distillate Output ◽  
Water Output ◽  
Typical Day

Demand and conservation for potable water has become a foremost concern world-wide. Many technologies were adapted for converting the saline water to potable water to meet the required demand on water conservation. In the current research work triangular solar still with rectangular-fins attached to the basin is proposed to enhance the output of potable water from the solar still setup. Solar still with and without rectangular-fins on the basin are fabricated for experimental comparison and evaluation in addition to numerical investigations. Thermal Performance, instantaneous efficiency and potable water output of the proposed solar still & base solar still are investigated during March month for the location of Sathyamangalam. Investigation shows enhancement of water production in the proposed solar still by 41% higher compared to the base still. The maximum distillate output from modified still and base still for a typical day is 3.1 liter and 2.2 liter respectively.

A review on various designs of solar still

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Md. Raquibul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Day By Day

The availability of drinking water is reducing day by day, whereas the freshwater necessity is tremendously increasing. There is a need for some sustainable water distillation (purification) to overcome this problem. Solar desalination is a technique used to convert brackish or saline water into potable water, and solar still is a useful device to distil brackish water for drinking purposes. Numerous designs of the solar still system have been developed worldwide. Many researchers outlined mathematical terms, performed experiments and validated the outcome from the various types of solar stills by varying the design and operating parameters. In this article, a review of the active and passive solar stills' performance has been carried out.

scholarly journals An Exhaustive Review on a Solar Still Coupled with a Flat Plate Collector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Ayoobi ◽  
Mahdi Ramezanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

In recent years, producing energy and potable water has become a contemporaneous issue in all areas, especially in rural and remote areas. It is due to the limitation of fossil fuels in generating energy and the daily increase of potable water topic pollution due to various development activities in the industries. Gradually, the use of renewable energies has been suggested as far as humans focus on using these energies in various activities, which is gratis and accessible in more areas without having negative anthropogenic hazards. Solar radiation has an important position in renewable energies and has played a significant role in the desalination process due to the convenience in applying and abundance in the areas with potable water shortages. However, one of the active solar stills is the coupling of conventional solar still with a flat plate collector. In this type, a flat plate collector is used to raise the temperature of saline water which increases the productivity. In this research, the solar still coupled with a flat plate collector is reviewed as the active solar still and the affecting parameters on its performance and efficiency are discussed. First, a summary of working research and their research of flat plate collectors is reviewed to be more familiar with flat plate collectors, their details, and technology. Then, solar still coupled with a flat plate collector is extensively reviewed and discussed in detail. Four types of studies on solar still coupled with a flat plate collector were done, including energy analysis, exergy analysis, economic analysis, and productivity evaluation.

Novel Concept on the Enhancement of Conventional Solar Still Performance via Constant Heat Rate Supply to the Saline Water 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael M. El-Maghlany ◽  
enass massoud ◽  
mohamed Elhelw
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Glass Temperature ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Makeup Water ◽  
Solar Intensity ◽  
Novel Concept

Abstract One of most reduction reasons of simple conventional solar still productivity is the coupling between high solar intensity and the high ambient temperature in the same time. The high intensity increases the saline water temperature while the outside temperature increases the glass temperature and consequently reduction in saline water and glass temperature difference leads to reduction in condensation and productivity. The present theoretical study focuses on the completion of the absorbed solar energy in the basin to be constant during the day. The basin water will be in high temperature level all day especially at the time of low outside temperature far away the noon. The absorbed heat in the basin is held constant at αw Imax by extra heat from wind turbine power with battery storage system all day hours. The results show that, the solar still productivity with constant heat supply is more than that with same amount of variable energy during sun rise time only (6 AM to 6 PM) by 69.133 %. So, constant absorbed heat in the water basin (αw Imax) through the 24 hr of the day enhances the performance with productivity up to 248 % with the hybrid solar and electric power consumption of the wind turbine power. The water in the basin is held constant at 2 cm via makeup water to compensate the evaporation rate.

scholarly journals Design and Development of Solar Desalination Plant: Point-Focus Parabolic Solar Still

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
S.M. Atnaw ◽  
R.M. Ramli ◽  
S.A. Rusdah ◽  
T. Marimuthu ◽  
P. Mardarveran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Is Design ◽  
Installation Cost

Direct sunlight has been utilized long back for desalination of water. Solar still is a device that converts saline water to potable water. This project mainly discussed about point-focus parabolic solar still (PPSS). Since lack of water supply has become a serious problem today, this prototype is design to produce fresh water from saline water to enable continuous supply of water. However, the current solar desalination generation capacity is generally low and has high installation cost. Hence, there is a need for the enhancement of the productivity which can be achieved through point focus parabolic solar still. Existing PPSS produces of 3.56 L/m2 fresh water of per day. In this project, we have some modifications which will increase the productivity of PPSS.

Solar Water Distillation Using Two Different Phase Change Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 2409-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Naga Sarada ◽  
Banoth Hima Bindu ◽  
Sri Rama R. Devi ◽  
Ravi Gugulothu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
The World

In recent years with the exacerbation of energy shortage, water crisis increases around the world. With the continuous increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions, the use of various sources of renewable energy is increasingly becoming important for sustainable development. Due to the rising oil price and environmental regulations, the demand of utilizing alternative power sources increased dramatically. Alternative energy and its applications have been heavily studied for the last decade. Energy and water are essential for mankind that influences the socioeconomic development of any nation. Pure water resources become more and more scarce every day as rivers, lakes wells and even seawater pollution rapidly increases. Solar energy is one promising solution to secure power and potable water to future generation. The process of distillation can be used to obtain fresh water from salty, brackish or contaminated water. Water is available in different forms such as sea water, underground water, surface water and atmospheric water. Clean water is essential for good health. The search for sustainable energy resources has emerged as one of the most significant and universal concerns in the 21st century. Solar energy conversion offers a cost effective alternative to our traditional usages. Solar energy is a promising candidate in many applications. Among the alternative energy sources used for electricity production, wind and solar energy systems have become more attractive in recent years. For areas where electricity was not available, stand alone wind and solar systems have been increasingly used. The shortage of drinking water in many countries throughout the world is a serious problem. Humankind has depended for ages on river, sea water and underground water reservoirs for its fresh water needs. But these sources do not always prove to be useful due to the presence of excessive salinity in the water. To resolve this crisis, different methods of solar desalination have been used in many countries. Distillation is a well known thermal process for water purification, most importantly, water desalination. Most of the conventional water distillation processes are highly energy consuming and require fossil fuels as well as electric power for their operation. Single basin solar still is a popular solar device used for converting available brackish or waste water into potable water. Because of its lower productivity, it is not popularly used. Numbers of works are under taken to improve the productivity and efficiency of the solar still. There are large numbers of PCMs that melt and solidify at wide range of temperatures, making them attractive in a number of applications. PCMs have been widely used in latent heat thermal storage systems for heat pumps, solar engineering and spacecraft thermal control applications. The use of PCMs for heating and cooling applications for buildings has been investigated within the past decade. The experimental results computed in the field of water distillation process using solar energy in the presence of energy storage materials sodium sulphate and sodium acetate are discussed in this paper. Keywords: solar energy, saline water, distillation, phase change material.

Experimental investigation of a pyramid type solar still with porous material: productivity assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Yarramsetty ◽  
Naveen Sharma ◽  
Modumudi Lakshmi Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Porous Material ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Clay Pots

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of porous material (clay pots) and it is facing on the productivity performance of a pyramid type solar still. The clay pots are placed in the basin facing up and facing down. The numbers of clay pots considered were 9 and 25, and its performance was compared with normal (0 clay pots) solar still. Design/methodology/approach The pyramid solar water distillation system has been designed, fabricated and tested under the actual environmental conditions of Kanchikacherla (16.6834 0N, 80.3904 0E), Andhra Pradesh, India. The solar still is used to produce the fresh water and hot water simultaneously from the brackish (i.e. containing dissolved salts) feed water for domestic applications. From open literature, it was established that the rate of evaporation is higher when the flowing water is held for a longer duration on the black color absorber plate, thereby leading to an increase in productivity of freshwater. Therefore, the pyramid solar still has been tested for smooth absorber plate and the absorber plate with porous heat storage material. Findings The porous material increases the production rate of freshwater compared to a base plate. However, the pyramid still with clay pots has higher productivity at a lower temperature because of the porosity effect. Originality/value The total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and pH of the distilled water and the saline water have also been measured and compared.

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