scholarly journals Synthesis and application of amorphous magnesium silicate in sample preparation for analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Nhu Quynh ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Quy ◽  
Nguyen Anh Mai
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Magnesium Chloride Solution

Magnesium silicate, one of silicate materials, is widely used as adsorbent for sample cleanup in solid phase extraction as well as color reducing agent in the industry of sugar, paint, paper, ... In this research, magnesium silicate is synthesized by precipitation method. The synthesis process was optimized by experimental design with quadratic orthogonal experimental method. The optimal reaction conditions are as follows: the mole ratio of sodium silicate/magnesium chloride = 1:1, the speed of stirring sodium silicate solution: 177 rpm, the added flow rate of magnesium chloride solution: 3.86 mL/min, drying temperature: 98oC. In addition, it takes at least 6 hours to eliminate water adsorption at this temperature. The product has amorphous structure with average particle size of 116 m, surface area of 454 m2/g, and trioleate glyceryl absorption capacity of 110 mg/g. The efficiency in the removal of esters of glyceryl and fatty acids in hydrocarbons determination and the removal of matrix in the analysis of organochlorides are as good as that of commercial Florisil.  

scholarly journals A study on synthesis and characterization of Dy-dopedLa0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δvia co precipitation method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Khakpour ◽  
Amir Maghsoudipour ◽  
Aida Faeghinia
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Powder Morphology ◽  
Co Precipitation

Abstract The perovskite Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferrite (LSCF) is investigated as the cathode material used in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In the present study, La0.6-xDyxSr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ(x= 0, 0.3, 0.6) was synthesized through co precipitation method. The obtained precipitate was calcined at500, 700,900and 1000°С. Phase characterization of synthesized LSCF and LDySCF powder before and after heat treatment at 700°Сwas carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. XRD patterns revealed that the perovskite phase was obtained at 700 °С in all calcined samples. Chemical bond study to investigate synthesis process was done using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique. Thermalanalysis of DTA and TG has been utilized to investigate how the calcination temperature affects the peroveskite phase formation. According to the STA results, the perovskite phase formation started at 551°Сafterwarditcompleted at 700°С.The density values of synthesized powders were 6.10, 6.11 and 6.37g.cm-3for the undoped and doped samples calcined at 700°С. Powder morphology was studied by Field emission scanning electron microscopy. (FE-SEM) micrographs showed the spherical shaped particles with the average particle size of 24-131nm.

scholarly journals Green synthesis: Proposed mechanism and factors influencing the synthesis of platinum nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood S. Jameel ◽  
Azlan Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohammed Ali Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle

AbstractPlatinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have attracted interest in catalysis and biomedical applications due to their unique structural, optical, and catalytic properties. However, the conventional synthesis of Pt NPs using the chemical and physical methods is constrained by the use of harmful and costly chemicals, intricate preparation requirement, and high energy utilization. Hence, this review emphasizes on the green synthesis of Pt NPs using plant extracts as an alternative approach due to its simplicity, convenience, inexpensiveness, easy scalability, low energy requirement, environmental friendliness, and minimum usage of hazardous materials and maximized efficiency of the synthesis process. The underlying complex processes that cover the green synthesis (biosynthesis) of Pt NPs were reviewed. This review affirms the effects of different critical parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) on the size and shape of the synthesized Pt NPs. For instance, the average particle size of Pt NPs was reported to decrease with increasing pH, reaction temperature, and concentration of plant extract.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Synthesis of Metal–Matrix Composites (Ni-Ti)-TiB2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2426
Author(s):  
Vladimir Promakhov ◽  
Alexey Matveev ◽  
Nikita Schulz ◽  
Mikhail Grigoriev ◽  
Andrey Olisov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Temperature Synthesis ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis

Currently, metal–matrix composite materials are some of the most promising types of materials, and they combine the advantages of a metal matrix and reinforcing particles/fibres. Within the framework of this article, the high-temperature synthesis of metal–matrix composite materials based on the (Ni-Ti)-TiB2 system was studied. The selected approaches make it possible to obtain composite materials of various compositions without contamination and with a high degree of energy efficiency during production processes. Combustion processes in the samples of a 63.5 wt.% NiB + 36.5 wt.% Ti mixture and the phase composition and structure of the synthesis products were researched. It has been established that the synthesis process in the samples proceeds via the spin combustion mechanism. It has been shown that self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) powder particles have a composite structure and consist of a Ni-Ti matrix and TiB2 reinforcement inclusions that are uniformly distributed inside it. The inclusion size lies in the range between 0.1 and 4 µm, and the average particle size is 0.57 µm. The obtained metal-matrix composite materials can be used in additive manufacturing technologies as ligatures for heat-resistant alloys, as well as for the synthesis of composites using traditional methods of powder metallurgy.

scholarly journals Polymer Binders of Ceramic Nanoparticles for Precision Casting of Nickel-Based Superalloys

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Paweł Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Precision Casting ◽  
Polymer Binders ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Nano Alumina ◽  
Solid Phase Content

This study presents the general characteristics of binders used in precision casting of Nickel-based superalloys. Three groups of binders were described: resins, organic compounds, and materials containing nanoparticles in alcohol or aqueous systems. This study also includes literature reports on materials commonly used and those recently replaced by water-soluble binders, i.e., ethyl silicate (ES) and hydrolysed ethyl silicate (HES). The appearance of new and interesting solutions containing nano-alumina is described, as well as other solutions at the initial stage of scientific research, such as those containing biopolymers, biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL), or modified starch. Special attention is paid to four binders containing nano-SiO2 intended for the first layers (Ludox AM, Ludox SK) and structural layers (EHT, Remasol) of shell moulds. Their morphology, viscosity, density, reactions, and electrokinetic potential were investigated. The binders were characterized by a high solid-phase content (>28%), viscosity, and density close to that of water (1–2 mPa·s) and good electrokinetic stability. The nanoparticles contained in the binders were approximately spherically shaped with an average particle size of 16–25 nm.

scholarly journals Influence of Cu on the Improvement of Magnetic Properties and Structure of L10 FePt Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Luran Zhang ◽  
Xinchen Du ◽  
Hongjie Lu ◽  
Dandan Gao ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Fept Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Phase Reduction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
One Step

L10 ordered FePt and FePtCu nanoparticles (NPs) with a good dispersion were successfully fabricated by a simple, green, one-step solid-phase reduction method. Fe (acac)3, Pt (acac)2, and CuO as the precursors were dispersed in NaCl and annealed at different temperatures with an H2-containing atmosphere. As the annealing temperature increased, the chemical order parameter (S), average particle size (D), coercivity (Hc), and saturation magnetization (Ms) of FePt and FePtCu NPs increased and the size distribution range of the particles became wider. The ordered degree, D, Hc, and Ms of FePt NPs were greatly improved by adding 5% Cu. The highest S, D, Hc, and Ms were obtained when FePtCu NPs annealed at 750 °C, which were 0.91, 4.87 nm, 12,200 Oe, and 23.38 emu/g, respectively. The structure and magnetic properties of FePt and FePtCu NPs at different annealing temperatures were investigated and the formation mechanism of FePt and FePtCu NPs were discussed in detail.

Titanium Powder from the TiRO™ Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 520 ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Doblin ◽  
Andrew Chryss ◽  
Andreas Monch
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Vacuum Distillation ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Tap Density

A new continuous process for the direct production of CP titanium powder is being developed at CSIRO. The TiRO™ process has two major steps. The first step is conducted in a fluidised bed where titanium tetrachloride and magnesium powder react to form small (1.5 µm) titanium metal particles uniformly dispersed inside larger spheroidal magnesium chloride particles with an average particle size of 350 µm. The second step involves vacuum distillation in which the magnesium chloride is removed from the titanium. During vacuum distillation the magnesium chloride is volatilised and the micron sized titanium particles come together to form partially sintered predominantly spheroidal porous particles with a similar shape to the starting particle, some which appeared to be hollow. A mechanism for their formation is proposed. The spheroidal particles are all lightly sintered together. The vacuum distilled product was very lightly ground to liberate the spheroidal particles which had an average particle size of about 200 µm. With further grinding an angular Ti powder was produced. The ground titanium was free flowing and had a tap density of 2.4 g/cm3.

Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Powder Synthesized from Eggshell and Phosphoric Acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4061-4064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Jin Lee ◽  
Young-Soo Yoon ◽  
Myung-Hyun Lee ◽  
Nam-Sik Oh
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
Milling Method

The present research describes synthesis of highly sinterable, nano-sized hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders using a wet chemical route with recycled eggshell and phosphoric acid as calcium and phosphorous sources. The raw eggshell was easily turned to CaO by the calcining process, and phosphoric acid was mixed with the calcined eggshell by the wet, ball-milling method. The crystalline development and microstructures of the synthesized powders and sintered samples were examined by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The observed phases on the powder synthesis process were dependent on the mixing ratio (wt%) of the calcined eggshell to phosphoric acid and the heating temperature. The ball-milled, nano-sized HAp powder, which has an average particle size of 70 nm, was fully densified at 1300 °C for 1h. The Ca/P ratio for stoichiometric composition of HAp was controlled by adjustment of the mixing ratio.

Enhanced oral bioavailability of nisoldipine-piperine-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Permender Rathee ◽  
Anjoo Kamboj ◽  
Shabir Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Interaction ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Average Particle

AbstractBackground:Piperine helps in the improvement of bioavailability through pharmacokinetic interaction by modulating metabolism when administered with other drugs. Nisoldipine is a substrate for cytochrome P4503A4 enzymes. The study was undertaken to assess the influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nisoldipine nanoparticles in rats.Methods:Optimization studies of nanoparticles were performed using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, and the nanoparticles were formulated by the precipitation method. The influence of piperine and nanoparticles was evaluated by means of in vivo kinetic and dynamic studies by oral administration in rats.Results:The entrapment efficiency, drug loading, ζ potential, and average particle size of optimized nisoldipine-piperine nanoparticles was 89.77±1.06%, 13.6±0.56%, −26.5 mV, and 132±7.21 nm, respectively. The in vitro release in 0.1 n HCl and 6.8 pH phosphate buffer was 96.9±0.48% and 98.3±0.26%, respectively. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a 4.9-fold increase in oral bioavailability and a >28.376±1.32% reduction in systemic blood pressure by using nanoparticles as compared to control (nisoldipine suspension) in Wistar rats.Conclusion:The results revealed that piperine being an inhibitor of cytochrome P4503A4 enzymes enhanced the bioavailability of nisoldipine by 4.9-fold in nanoparticles.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Nanostructures of CuO/Cu2O Fabricated via Potentiostatic and Galvanostatic Anodization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. Mary Margaret ◽  
Albin John P. Paul Winston ◽  
S. Muthupandi ◽  
P. Shobha ◽  
P. Sagayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Aqueous Electrolyte ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Molecular Vibration ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Cu Foil

A detailed comparative study on the synthesis process of coral-like CuO/Cu2O nanorods (NRs) and nanopolycrystals (NPCs) fabricated on Cu foil employing aqueous electrolyte via potentiostatic (POT) and galvanostatic (GAL) modes is discussed. The structural, morphological, thermal, compositional, and molecular vibration of the prepared CuO/Cu2O nanostructures was characterized by XRD, HRSEM, TG/DTA, FTIR, and EDX techniques. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline phase of the formation of monoclinic CuO and cubic Cu2O nanostructures with well-defined morphology. The average particle size was found to be 21.52 nm and 26.59 nm for NRs (POT) and NPCs (GAL), respectively, and this result is corroborated from the HRSEM analysis. POT synthesized nanoparticle depicted a higher thermal stability up to 600°C implying that the potentiostatically grown coral-like NRs exhibit a good crystallinity and well-ordered morphology.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of domperidone nanoparticles for dissolution improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sabar Al-lami ◽  
Malath H. Oudah ◽  
Firas A. Rahi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Antisolvent Precipitation ◽  
Stirring Time

This study was carried out to prepare and characterize domperidone nanoparticles to enhance solubility and the release rate. Domperidone is practically insoluble in water and has low and an erratic bioavailability range from 13%-17%. The domperidone nanoparticles were prepared by solvent/antisolvent precipitation method at different polymer:drug ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 using different polymers and grades of poly vinyl pyrolidone, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as stabilizers. The effect of polymer type, ratio of polymer:drug, solvent:antisolvent ratio, stirring rate and stirring time on the particle size, were investigated and found to have a significant (p? 0.05) effect on particle size. The best formula was obtained with lowest average particle size of 84.05. This formula was studied for compatibility by FTIR and DSC, surface morphology by FESEM and crystalline state by XRPD. Then domperidone nanoparticles were formulated into a simple capsule dosage form in order to study of the in vitro release of drug from nanoparticles in comparison raw drug and mixture of polymer:drug ratios of 2:1. The release of domperidone from best formula was highly improved with a significant (p? 0.05) increase.

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