scholarly journals Angiogenesis and de novo Arteriogenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ren
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Notch Pathway ◽  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cancers

Arteriogenesis supply oxygen and nutrients in tumor microenvironment (TME), which may play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Current anti-angiogenetic targeted treatments have not shown substantial clinical benefits and they are poorly tolerated, and even lead to more malignant relapse. The heterogeneity of tumor-associated endothelial cells (TAECs) and tumor vasculature may be important and should be appreciated in therapeutic targeting the TME. In this regard, the de novo arteriogenesis within the TME may be associated with tumor progression, stemness of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and therapeutic resistance and relapse. Targeting tumor arteriogenesis may thus be a potential novel therapeutic target. Specifically, targeting the FoxO1-CD36-Notch pathway could show the clinical potential by acting on arteriolar niche and CSCs at the same time in a variety of cancers including neuroendocrine cancers, breast cancers, lung cancers and malignant melanoma.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Lung Metastases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbo Chen ◽  
Kelsey C. Stoltzfus ◽  
Eric J. Lehrer ◽  
Samantha R. Horn ◽  
Shankar Siva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Metastasis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Introduction: Lung metastasis is usually associated with poor outcomes in cancer patients. This study was performed to characterize and analyze the population of patients with de novo (synchronous) lung metastases using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.Materials and Methods: Baseline characteristics of lung metastasis patients were obtained from SEER case listings. Incidence rates and counts of synchronous lung metastasis were also obtained using the SEER*Stat software. Survival outcomes were analyzed using univariate and multivariable Cox regressions, controlling for confounders. An alpha threshold of 0.05 was used for statistical significance and p-values were subject to correction for multiple comparisons.Results: The age-adjusted incidence rate of synchronous lung metastasis was 17.92 per 100,000 between 2010 and 2015. Synchronous lung metastases most commonly arose from primary lung cancers, colorectal cancers, kidney cancers, pancreatic cancers and breast cancers. During this time period, 4% of all cancer cases presented with synchronous lung metastasis. The percentage of patients presenting with synchronous lung metastasis ranged from 0.5% of all prostate cancers to 13% of all primary lung cancers. The percentage of all cancer cases presenting with synchronous lung metastasis increased over time. De novo metastatic patients with lung metastases had worse overall survival [hazard ratio = 1.22 (1.21–1.23), p < 0.001] compared to those with only extrapulmonary metastases, controlling for potential confounders.Conclusions: Synchronous lung metastasis occurs frequently and is an independent predictors of poor patient outcomes. As treatment for lung metastases becomes more complicated, patients with synchronous lung metastasis represent a high-risk population.

scholarly journals De novo ALK kinase domain mutations are uncommon in kinase inhibitor-naïve ALK rearranged lung cancers

Lung Cancer ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio R. Lucena-Araujo ◽  
Jason P. Moran ◽  
Paul A. VanderLaan ◽  
Dora Dias-Santagata ◽  
Erik Folch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Kinase Domain Mutations

scholarly journals Epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer therapy and resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Garcia-Martinez ◽  
Yusheng Zhang ◽  
Yuichiro Nakata ◽  
Ho Lam Chan ◽  
Lluis Morey
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Resistant Phenotype ◽  
Early Adoption ◽  
Clinical Resistance

AbstractThe majority of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ERα) and agents targeting this pathway represent the main treatment modality. Endocrine therapy has proven successful in the treatment of hormone-responsive breast cancer since its early adoption in the 1940s as an ablative therapy. Unfortunately, therapeutic resistance arises, leading to disease recurrence and relapse. Recent studies increased our understanding in how changes to the chromatin landscape and deregulation of epigenetic factors orchestrate the resistant phenotype. Here, we will discuss how the epigenome is an integral determinant in hormone therapy response and why epigenetic factors are promising targets for overcoming clinical resistance.

scholarly journals Spot 14: A Marker of Aggressive Breast Cancer and a Potential Therapeutic Target

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (9) ◽  
pp. 4048-4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Kinlaw ◽  
Jennifer L. Quinn ◽  
Wendy A. Wells ◽  
Christopher Roser-Jones ◽  
Joel T. Moncur
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Spot 14 ◽  
Aggressive Breast Cancer

Spot 14 (S14) is a nuclear protein that communicates the status of dietary fuels and fuel-related hormones to genes required for long-chain fatty acid synthesis. In mammary gland, S14 is important for both epithelial proliferation and milk fat production. The S14 gene is amplified in some breast cancers and is strongly expressed in most. High expression of S14 in primary invasive breast cancer is conspicuously predictive of recurrence. S14 mediates the induction of lipogenesis by progestin in breast cancer cells and accelerates their growth. Conversely, S14 knockdown impairs de novo lipid synthesis and causes apoptosis. We found that breast cancer cells do not express lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hypothesize that they do not have access to circulating lipids unless the local environment supplies it. This may explain why primary breast cancers with low S14 do not survive transit from the LPL-rich mammary fat pad to areas devoid of LPL, such as lymph nodes, and thus do not appear as distant metastases. Thus, S14 is a marker for aggressive breast cancer and a potential target as well. Future effort will center on validation of S14 as a therapeutic target and producing antagonists of its action.

Abstract B28: Rictor/mTORC2 drives formation, progression, and therapeutic resistance of HER2-amplified breast cancers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan M. Morrison ◽  
Bayley A. Jones ◽  
Donna J. Hicks ◽  
Violeta Sanchez ◽  
Valeria M. Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Breast Cancers

scholarly journals Critical Roles of Tumor Extracellular Vesicles in the Microenvironment of Thoracic Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6024
Author(s):  
Lyna Kara-Terki ◽  
Lucas Treps ◽  
Christophe Blanquart ◽  
Delphine Fradin
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, are critical mediators of intercellular communication between tumor cells and other cells located in the microenvironment but also in more distant sites. Exosomes are small EVs that can carry a variety of molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and non-coding RNA, especially microRNAs (miRNAs). In thoracic cancers, including lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma, EVs contribute to the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment and to tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the recent understanding of how exosomes behave in thoracic cancers and how and why they are promising liquid biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, with a special focus on exosomal miRNAs.

scholarly journals Biphasic Temporal Relationship between Cancers and Systemic Sclerosis: A Clinical Series from Montpellier University Hospital and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léo Partouche ◽  
Radjiv Goulabchand ◽  
Alexandre Thibault Jacques Maria ◽  
Sophie Rivière ◽  
Christian Jorgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Clinical Series

Cancer among patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) would appear to be more prevalent than in the general population. Pathophysiological hypotheses are multiple, involving intertwined factors such as immune system antitumoral response, oxygen species dysregulation, and immunosuppressive treatments. We aimed to identify SSc patients with cancer monitored at our center, describing their clinical and immunological characteristics, such as cancer-specific outcomes. We focused in particular on the temporal relationships between cancer onset and SSc diagnosis. A retrospective study was conducted on SSc patients from Montpellier University Hospital from 2003 to 2018. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of each SSc patient with cancer were recorded. Fifty-five patients with SSc and at least one cancer was included (median age 56 years (47–66)), with a median follow-up time of 11 years (4–15). Sixty-four metachronous malignancies were identified (12 patients had two cancers). Among them, early-onset cancer occurrences (±5 years from SSc diagnosis) included 23 cancers (39% breast cancers, 13% lung cancers, and 13% gastro-intestinal tract cancers). Twenty-two cancers occurred 10 years (±5 years) after SSc diagnosis (14% breast cancers, 23% gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers, and 18% lung cancers). Patients without any of the two autoantibodies (anti-centromere (ACA) and anti-topoisomerase (ATA-scl70) antibodies) were more prevalent in the early-onset cancer subgroup (14 vs. 6, p = 0.02). This study brought to light two peaks of cancer occurrence in SSc patients. Early-onset cancers were associated with SSc with a specific immunological signature. Late-onset cancers might be the consequence of a subtle interplay between repeated target organ inflammation, immunosuppressant use, mesenchymal cell dysfunction and subsequent genetic alterations.

Pancreatic Mass of Unusual Etiology: Case Report of Metastatic Disease after a Prolonged Lag Phase

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082-1085
Author(s):  
Saadiya Haque ◽  
Raja R. Gopaldas ◽  
Matthew R. Plymyer ◽  
Andrew I. Glantz
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Pancreatic Mass ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Radical Treatment

Although not a typical site, the pancreas does occasionally harbor metastatic disease. Management of these metastases differs from the management of conventional primary cancers. Our case is one of an 85-year-old female presenting with obstructive jaundice and whose workup revealed a pancreatic mass. Her past medical history included a mastectomy 14 years previous for invasive lobular carcinoma. She underwent celiotomy, and an intraoperative diagnosis of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast was made based on frozen section. Due to pulmonary metastasis and vascular infiltration, which precluded pancreatoduodenectomy, the patient underwent palliative bypass and fared well postoperatively. With more aggressive management of primary breast cancers in the past decade, isolated metastatic disease is of increasing concern and raises questions about surgical strategies to be implemented with these patients. For instance, should palliative treatment be considered or should a radical intention to cure procedure be performed despite the metastatic disease? Factors favoring radical procedures include prolonged lag phase between the primary and the recurrence; presence of well-differentiated tumors; and isolated metastatic disease. Primary lung and renal cancers metastasize more frequently than breast cancers do to the pancreas. Hence, existing literature has not clearly defined indications for radical treatment of metastatic breast cancers to the pancreas. Based on experiences with metastatic renal and lung cancers, one can reasonably infer that radical procedures performed on selected cases could possibly achieve a cure or prolonged disease-free survival. The key factor in determining whether the patient undergoes palliative versus radical treatment is a slow growth pattern of the tumor, characterized by a prolonged lag phase between the primary and the metastatic disease.

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