scholarly journals COMPLICATIONS IN DENGUE LIKE ILLNESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaitan Singh Balai
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Initial Symptoms

Background: Dengue has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. While most patients recover following a self-limiting nonsevere clinical course, small proportion progress to severe disease. Early recognition of dengue is challenging because the initial symptoms are often non-specific.  Methods: The hospital based study was conducted on patients presenting to paediatric hospital, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: According to complications, in dengue positive cases, bleeding was the most common complication seen in 51.00% cases while shock, myocarditis, and convulsion were present in 34.00%, 3.00% and 1.00% of cases respectively. Among the dengue negative cases, 63.00% had no complication while shock and bleeding were present in 23.00% and 14.00% cases respectively. Conclusion: It concluded that shock was most common complication. Keywords: Complication, Fever, Dengue Like Illness

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE COMPLICATIONS IN DENGUE LIKE ILLNESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Girdhari lal Sharma ◽  
Rakesh Bilwal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Comprehensive History

Background: Dengue has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. While most patients recover following a self-limiting nonsevere clinical course, small proportion progress to severe disease Methods: The hospital based study was conducted on patients presenting to tertiary care teaching hospital, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. A comprehensive history taking, physical examination, and lab investigations were carried out and data were collected in pre-designed proforma. Results: According to complications, in dengue positive cases, bleeding was the most common complication seen in 48.00% cases while shock, myocarditis, and convulsion were present in 31.00%, 2.00% and 1.00% of cases respectively. Among the dengue negative cases, 60.00% had no complication while shock and bleeding were present in 28% and 12.00% cases respectively. Conclusion: It concluded that shock was most common complication. Keywords: Hematocrit, Dengue, Dengue Like Illness

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE COMPLICATIONS IN DENGUE LIKE ILLNESSES IN CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Kumar ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Background: Dengue has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. To study the complication of dengue like illness in children Methods: The hospital based study was conducted on patients presenting to paediatric hospital, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: According to complications, in dengue positive cases, bleeding was the most common complication seen in 51.00% cases while shock, myocarditis, and convulsion were present in 34.00%, 3.00% and 1.00% of cases respectively. Conclusion: It concluded that dengue hemorrhagic shock was most common complication. Keywords: Dengue Like Illness, Complication, Shock.

scholarly journals Fournier's Gangrene Complicating Hematologic Malignancies: Literature Review and Treatment Suggestions

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e2013067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni D'Arena ◽  
Giuseppe Pietrantuono ◽  
Emilio Buccino ◽  
Giancarlo Pacifico ◽  
Pellegrino Musto
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a rare but severe necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia that may complicate the clinical course of hematologic malignancies and sometimes may be the first sign of the disease. The clinical course of FG is very aggressive and the mortality is still high despite the improvement in its management. Early recognition of FG and prompt appropriate treatment with surgical debridement and administration of antibiotics are the cornerstone of the management of this very severe disease.

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Colopathy Mimicking Malignant Masses of the Colon: A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1282-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Margolius ◽  
Thomas E. Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the colon have been reported as a wide spectrum of symptoms, signs, and endoscopic findings. Despite the extensive use of NSAIDs, and the potential seriousness of NSAID colopathy, this condition often goes unrecognized or misdiagnosed. We report three cases of NSAID colopathy in which the diagnosis of malignancy was incorrectly made based on endoscopic findings. Before any surgical intervention, we entertained the diagnosis of NSAID colopathy based on clinical presentation. Ultimately, in two of the three cases, surgery was avoided and the lesions resolved. We present their clinical course and a review of the pertinent literature reviewing theories of the pathophysiology, the range of clinical presentations, and the pathological findings of this entity.

COMPLICATIONS IN DENGUE LIKE ILLNESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thakur Vikrant Anand
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Paediatric Hospital

Abstract Background: Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral infection of humans. Methods: The hospital based study was conducted on patients presenting to paediatric hospital, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: According to complications, in dengue positive cases, bleeding was the most common complication seen in 47.00% cases while shock, myocarditis, and convulsion were present in 33.00%, 4.00% and 1.00% of cases respectively. Among the dengue negative cases, 58.00% had no complication while shock and bleeding were present in 29% and 13.00% cases respectively. Conclusion: It concluded that shock was most common complication. Keywords: Hematocrit, Dengue, Dengue like Illness

scholarly journals Spectrum of innate and adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection across asymptomatic, mild and severe cases – a longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Carsetti ◽  
Salvatore Zaffina ◽  
Eva Piano Mortari ◽  
Sara Terreri ◽  
Francesco Corrente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune

AbstractBackgroundSARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, not encountered before by humans. The wide spectrum of clinical expression of SARS-CoV-2 illness suggests that individual immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 play a crucial role in determining the clinical course after first infection.Immunological studies have focussed on patients with moderate to severe disease, demonstrating excessive inflammation in tissues and organ damage.We have studied the individual response to SARS-CoV-2 of asympromatic, mild and severe COVID-19 patients in order to investigate the role of innnate and adaptive immunity in determining the clinical course after first infection.MethodsTo understand the basis of the protective immune response in COVID-19, we performed a longitudinal follow-up analysis of innate and adaptive immunity in 64 adults with a spectrum of clinical presentations: (28 healthy SARS-CoV-2-negative contacts of COVID-19 cases; 20 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected cases; 8 patients with mild COVID-19 disease and 8 cases of severe COVID-19 disease).ResultsOur data show that high frequency of NK cells and early and transient increase of specific IgA and, to a lower extent, IgG are associated to asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. By contrast, monocyte expansion and high and persistent levels of IgA and IgG, produced relatively late in the course of the infection, characterize severe disease. Modest increase of monocytes and rapidly declining antibodies are detected in mild COVID-19.ConclusionsThe importance of innate NK cells and the short-lived antibody response of asymptomatic individuals and patients with mild disease suggest that only severe COVID-19 may result in protective memory established by the adaptive immune response.SummaryThe ratio between monocytes and NK may represent a prognostic marker of disease development in COVID-19. Individuals with asymptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection have a high frequency of NK cells associated to a transient IgA response to the infection

scholarly journals Pattern of inflammatory immune response determines the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19: unbiased clustering analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunyoung Emily Lee ◽  
Kyoung-Ho Song ◽  
Woochang Hwang ◽  
Sin Young Ham ◽  
Hyeonju Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Validation Cohort ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Inflammatory Immune Response ◽  
Cluster 2

AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify distinct patterns in inflammatory immune responses of COVID-19 patients and to investigate their association with clinical course and outcome. Data from hospitalized COVID-19 patients were retrieved from electronic medical record. Supervised k-means clustering of serial C-reactive protein levels (CRP), absolute neutrophil counts (ANC), and absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) was used to assign immune responses to one of three groups. Then, relationships between patterns of inflammatory responses and clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 were assessed in a discovery and validation cohort. Unbiased clustering analysis grouped 105 patients of a discovery cohort into three distinct clusters. Cluster 1 (hyper-inflammatory immune response) was characterized by high CRP levels, high ANC, and low ALC, whereas Cluster 3 (hypo-inflammatory immune response) was associated with low CRP levels and normal ANC and ALC. Cluster 2 showed an intermediate pattern. All patients in Cluster 1 required oxygen support whilst 61% patients in Cluster 2 and no patient in Cluster 3 required supplementary oxygen. Two (13.3%) patients in Cluster 1 died, whereas no patient in Clusters 2 and 3 died. The results were confirmed in an independent validation cohort of 116 patients. We identified three different patterns of inflammatory immune response to COVID-19. Hyper-inflammatory immune responses with elevated CRP, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia are associated with a severe disease and a worse outcome. Therefore, targeting the hyper-inflammatory response might improve the clinical outcome of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Wide spectrum of clinical picture of COVID-19 in children - from mild to severe disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mania ◽  
Katarzyna Mazur-Melewska ◽  
Karol Lubarski ◽  
Jadwiga Kuczma-Napierała ◽  
Justyna Mazurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Severe Disease

scholarly journals Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Their Role as Predictors of Disease Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Jain ◽  
Arun Gopal ◽  
Basant Kumar Pathak ◽  
Sourya Sourabh Mohakuda ◽  
TVSVGK Tilak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Time Of Admission

Abstract Context Due to the wide spectrum of clinical illness in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, it is important to stratify patients into severe and nonsevere categories. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been evaluated rapidly by a few studies worldwide for its association with severe disease, but practically none have been conducted in the Indian population. This study was undertaken to examine the role of NLR and PLR in predicting severe disease in Indian patients. Objectives The objective was to study the association of NLR and PLR observed at the time of admission with maximum disease severity during hospitalization and to study their role in predicting disease severity. Material and Methods A total of 229 COVID-19 patients were admitted at the center during the study period. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 191 patients were included in the study. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory (complete blood count, NLR, and PLR) data of all patients were obtained at the time of admission. Maximum disease severity of all patients was assessed during hospitalization. Statistical Analysis Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to assess statistical significance. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted for NLR and PLR to estimate the cutoff values and sensitivity and specificity using Youden’s index for predicting severe disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Results Mean NLR and PLR were significantly higher in severe patients (NLR = 7.41; PLR = 204) compared with nonsevere patients (NLR = 3.30; PLR = 121). ROC analysis showed that NLR, in comparison to PLR, had a higher area under the curve (AUC) of 0.779, with a larger OR of 1.237 and cutoff of 4.1, and showed 69% sensitivity and 78% specificity in predicting severe disease. Cut off for PLR was 115.3, which showed 79% sensitivity and 62% specificity in predicting severe disease. Conclusion NLR and PLR, both showing acceptable AUCs, can be used as screening tools to predict disease severity. However, NLR was a better predictor of disease severity.

The Basics of Microbiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Solbach
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Hygiene Measures

Microorganisms constitute 70 percent of the biomass on Planet Earth. Comparatively few species are adapted to colonize human surfaces and form a complex Meta-Organism with manyfold mutual benefits. Occasionally, microorganisms may overcome the barriers of the skin and mucosal surfaces and may multiply locally or in multiple sites inside the body. This process is called infection. Infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, helminths, and fungi. Immediately after infection, numerous defense mechanisms of the immune system are activated to combat replication of the microbes. There is a balance between microorganism and human defense mechanisms, which may lead to either asymptomatic infection or result in a wide spectrum of symptoms from mild to severe disease and even death. The most important factors in the diagnosis of infectious diseases are a careful history, physical examination and the appropriate collection of body fluids and tissues. Laboratory diagnosis requires between 2 and 72 hours. Wherever possible, antibiotics should only be used when sufficient evidence of efficacy is available. Then, however, they should be used as early as possible and in high doses. In addition to everyday hygiene measures, vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent infectious diseases.

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