Right to contestation, patron-client networks, and corruption

2012 ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Orekhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Factor

In the paper the nature of Russian corruption is considered along the lines proposed by D. North, J. Wallis, and B. Weingast. The author considers patron-client networks as basic political and economic actors of the limited access order. The redistributive rent allocated within patron-client networks is not a corruption phenomenon. The main factor that is able to destroy patron-client networks and autonomous centers of power is the right to contestation (liberalization) according to R. Dahl. Realization of that right together with the right to participate in political life enables transition to the open access society.

In the Shadow of Violence: Lessons for Limited Access Societies

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. North ◽  
J. Wallis ◽  
S. Webb ◽  
B. Weingast
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Forthcoming Book ◽  
Personal Connections

The paper presents a summary of the forthcoming book by the authors and discusses the sample study of the 9 developing countries. While admitting the non-linearity of economic development they claim that the developing countries make a transition from the limited access orders (where the coalition of powerful elite groups plays a major role, that is based on personal connections and hampers free political and economic competition) to the open access orders with democratic government and efficient decentralized economic system. The major conclusion of this article is that what the limited access societies should do is not simply introducing open access institutions, but reorganizing the incentives of the elites so that to limit violence, provide economic and political stability and make a gradual transition to the open access order beneficial for the elites.

The Politics of Repressed Guilt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leeb
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
The Right

Through a critical appropriation of Hannah Arendt, and a more sympathetic engagement with Theodor W. Adorno and psychoanalysis, this book develops a new theoretical approach to understanding Austrians’ repression of their collaboration with National Socialist Germany. Drawing on original, extensive archival research, from court documents on Nazi perpetrators to public controversies on theater plays and museums, the book exposes the defensive mechanisms Austrians have used to repress individual and collective political guilt, which led to their failure to work through their past. It exposes the damaging psychological and political consequences such failure has had and continues to have for Austrian democracy today—such as the continuing electoral growth of the right-wing populist Freedom Party in Austria, which highlights the timeliness of the book. However, the theoretical concepts and practical suggestions the book introduces to counteract the repression of individual and collective political guilt are relevant beyond the Austrian context. It shows us that only when individuals and nations live up to guilt are they in a position to take responsibility for past crimes, show solidarity with the victims of crimes, and prevent the emergence of new crimes. Combining theoretical insights with historical analysis, The Politics of Repressed Guilt is an important addition to critical scholarship that explores the pathological implications of guilt repression for democratic political life.

THE STATE OF OPEN ACCESS ADOPTION IN LEGAL SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED OPEN ACCESS RESOURCES

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Solomon Bopape
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Open Access Publishing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Open Access Resources ◽  
The Right

The study of law focuses, among other aspects, on important issues relating to equality, fairness and justice in as far as free access to information and knowledgeis concerned. The launching of the Open Access to Law Movement in 1992, the promulgation of the Durham Statement on Open Access to Legal Scholarshipin 2009, and the formation of national and regional Legal Information Institutes (LIIs) should serve as an indication of how well the legal world is committed to freely publishing and distributing legal information and knowledge through the Internet to legal practitioners, legal scholars and the public at large aroundthe world. In order to establish the amount of legal scholarly content which is accessible through open access publishing innovations and initiatives, this studyanalysed the contents of websites for selected open access resources on the Internet internationally and in South Africa. The results of the study showed that there has been a steady developing trend towards the adoption of open access for legal scholarly literature internationally, while in South Africa legal scholarly literature is under the control of commercial publishers. This should be an issue for the legal scholarship which, among its focus, is to impart knowledge about the right of access to information and knowledge.

Men and citizens in international relations

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Linklater
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Positive Aspect ◽  
Human Equality ◽  
Public World ◽  
The Right

Since Rousseau political theorists have had frequent recourse to a contrast between the fragmented nature of modern social and political life and the allegedly communitarian character of the Greek polis. At the heart of this opposition was the belief that the polis represented a condition of unsurpassable harmony in which citizens identified freely and spontaneously with their public institutions. Unlike their ancient counterparts, modern citizens exhibited less identification with their public world than resolution to advance their separate individual interests and pursue their private conceptions of the good. Nevertheless, the disintegration of the polis was not depicted in the language of unqualified loss. History had not been simply an unmitigated fall, because the individual's claim to scrutinize the law of the polis on rational grounds involved a significant advance in man's self-consciousness. The positive aspect of its decline was man's transcendence of a parochial culture in which neither the right of individual freedom nor the principle of human equality had been recognized. If the modern world had lost the spontaneous form of community enjoyed by the ancients, it surpassed that world in its understanding and expression of freedom.

The Democratic Spirit

Daedalus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame Anthony Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

There is a famous paradox about democracy: most forms of participation make no obvious difference to political outcomes and yet people act anyway. I argue that they are more likely to act politically if they have certain attitudes and commitments; and that productive attitudes of the right kind can be sustained by a culture in which two kinds of honor are central. One kind of honor is collective: it is the honor of nations, which is the concern of the patriot. Another is the honor of citizens, who are worthy of respect because they contribute to the practices that serve the republic. I suggest some practices we Americans might want to take up and honor for the sake of our own republic today, drawing attention to two discoveries in social psychology that could be productively brought to bear in our political life: namely, the Ben Franklin effect and the Contact Hypothesis.

Human rights of people with mental illness diagnosis: perceptions among service users, family members and health professionals in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayssa Rekhis ◽  
Sami Ouanes ◽  
Abir Ben Hamouda ◽  
Rym Rafrafi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Factor

Purpose This study aims to assess the awareness about the rights of people with mental illness in the main psychiatric hospital in Tunisia among the service users, the family members and the staff. Design/methodology/approach The Convention of Rights of People with Disabilities mandates that State Parties initiate and maintain campaigns and human rights training to promote understanding of the rights of people with mental illnesses, considered as a main factor for their fulfillment. Service users, family members and staff evaluated, through a survey, the importance of ten rights for persons with mental illness, stated in the convention. Findings Disparities were found in the perception of the different rights by and between the three groups. The highest levels of awareness were associated with the freedom from torture or degrading treatment and the right to live with dignity and respect, whereas the lower importance were assigned to the right to participation in recovery plans, to give consent and to exercise legal capacity. Originality/value The lack of awareness and the poor perception of rights of people with mental illness is one of the barriers to their achievement. More training and awareness raising is necessary.

Climate Change Glossary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaavya Pradeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Open Access ◽  
General Public ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
The Right ◽  
Complex Subject

Climate change is a complex subject with terms and definitions that can seem overwhelming to non-specialists. What is ‘albedo’? What does ‘radiative forcing’ mean? What does ‘geoengineering’ entail? As climate change impacts grow more frequent and intense, it is critical that journalists, in particular, are equipped with the right information when they report. This set of open-access multilingual glossaries aim to bridge the gap between research and the general public by compiling this comprehensive list of most frequently-used terms related to climate change. A majority of these terms have been sourced from the different IPCC reports as well as public platforms such as the BBC and the Climate Reality Project.

Any Role for Human Rights in the Norwegian Truth and Reconciliation Commission Addressing Forced Assimilation?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Hans Morten Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation Commission ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Reconciliation Commission ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
The North ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Right

Abstract Norway’s policies regarding Sámi and most national minorities in an historic perspective can be characterized as forced assimilation; except for Jews and Roma, where the historic policy can be termed exclusion. The Norwegian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (trc) is intended to be a broad-based process, resulting in a report to the Norwegian Parliament in 2022. After identifying various explanations for the relatively strong standing of the (North) Sámi domestically and in international forums, the article identifies various ways that human rights will be important for the trc’s work and final report: (i) self-determination; (ii) participation in political life; (iii) participation in cultural life; (iv) family life; (v) private life; and (vi) human dignity. Some of these rights are relatively wide, but all give relevant guidance to the trc’s work. The right to private life did not prevent the Norwegian Parliament’s temporary law to enable the trc’s access to archives

scholarly journals Socio-cultural condition of modern relations of Ukraine and Canada

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
В.В. Михайлюк
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Monographic Study ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cultural Components

The author relied on the research of his predecessors and determined his own purpose of the study: to analyze the state of socio-cultural and cultural-humanitarian relations of Ukraine and Canada, to identify trends and their peculiarities in the context of general interstate and international relations of friendly countries. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the interstate relations in the defined field of research were based on the relevant legal documents of international law and treaties and other legal acts of each state. With regard to international relations, the author distinguishes it as such as the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada had and has its own peculiarities. This community is now one of the most significant in the world in its quantitative and qualitative relations, in political, socio-cultural and cultural-humanitarian influence. Therefore, in an advanced democracy of Canadian society, Ukrainians began to take the place of not only "aliens without rights", but also for many years prior to today, became active participants not only in the cultural, humanitarian, but also socio-economic and political life of Canada, which had a positive impact on socio-cultural and other relations. This is emphasized not only by the Ukrainian but also the Canadian side. Therefore, the study of socio-cultural and humanitarian-cultural components of relations between Ukraine and Canada has the right to exist. At the same time, it emphasizes the relevance and scientific novelty of the research topic. The problem under consideration is multifaceted, covering many aspects. In this study, only partial consideration of Ukraine-Canada relations in interstate and international perspectives has been studied. The importance of international and interstate relevant structures in terms of their influence on relations is emphasized. At the same time, in the author's opinion, it requires a detailed monographic study of the problem: the relation of Canada's role with Ukraine in the system of the "blocked" world.

scholarly journals Influence of Peer Review on College ESL Writers

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Irda Haryani Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Writing Teachers ◽  
Writing Class ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The Right ◽  
Giving Feedback ◽  
Open Access Article

Both students and teachers are environmentally challenged. Teachers are not well-heeled to do everything including giving feedback to students. Writing is a challenging area in teaching ESL. It was said that giving written feedback to students’ writing is the most time consuming and challenging job (Ferris, 2007). This paper reports on a study designed to investigate and identify the benefits and the challenges of peer review, to investigate the influence of content and form based feedback to students writing. Teachers should be more aware of the right techniques to use in a writing class to produce all-rounder future communities.Keywords: Environmentally challenged, future communities, influence, peer evaluation.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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