scholarly journals АКСІОЛОГІЧНЕ ОСМИСЛЕННЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Володимир Копилов ◽  
Олександр Панфілов
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the research of axiological nature of the theory and practice of modern education. The problem is relevant in that education can be the key to solving the global problems of the modern world. The more popular the knowledge of people, their experience, abilities, skills, their professional and personal qualities in social development, the more important education is. Improvement and modernization of national education systems is becoming the leading direction of the sustainable development strategy of many states of the modern world. Consequently, the philosophical understanding of the educational process, in particular the definition of the values of education is relevant.The authors substantiate that, given the diversity of educational values, they can be divided into two main groups: the values of maintaining the existing order of things and the values of its transformation.In various worldview systems, the problem of the values of education is resolved in different ways. The article gives the basic ideas of representatives of such systems: classical realism, essentialism, perinalism, analytical philosophy, experimentalism, existentialism, neo-Freudianism.Analyzing the views of researchers, the authors of the article attribute free ideological self-determination to the cardinal values of education as the main mission, which provides the conditions for the free self-determination of each person in the worldview world to accept their own values in the form of life goals, main motives and interests, aspirations, needs, principles, etc.It is substantiated that the axiological guidelines of education should be associated primarily with the orientation of education towards the interests of the individual – a free, creative person, capable of self-realization. The mission of education is to find an individual approach to a person, to contribute to the realization of his personal potential, internal, unconscious, even irrational needs (otherwise this culturally unrealized potential can become destructive for both the individual and society). Thus, education should be aimed at the formation of fundamental foundations that will allow a person to solve worldview problems, make a moral, legal or ideological choice, navigate in the modern sociocultural situation.The authors emphasize that in a modern dynamic society, value-semantic variability and the influence of the accelerated development of education on the formation of social innovations are necessary. The dynamically changing conceptual field of modern educational practices, the desire and attempts to humanize education are favorable factors for the creation and implementation of the concept of modern education. The humanization of education is aimed at creating a sustainable and flexible value attitude to the world. The universal value horizon, the idea of universal values are not reflected in modern cultural practices. On the one hand, culture becomes value-oriented, its phenomena become subject to assessment, its values are structured and organized, on the other hand, obvious value pluralism, poly-paradigmalism, relativism and simplification of values as such.Thus, the analysis of theoretical studies on the value aspects of education, and the study of the possibilities that arise as a result of the humanization of education, allow us to state: only as a result of changes in the content of education in the context of its humanization it is possible to talk about the transition to understanding a specialist as a harmoniously developed personality, which is the ultimate purpose of education. The primary task is to eliminate the discrepancy between the generally accepted and declared values, on the one hand, and their implementation, primarily in the minds of participants in the educational process, on the other.

scholarly journals Tendencies of children’s growing up in modern educational environment: risks and prospects of development

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 08040
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tereshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Pedagogical Analysis ◽  
The One

The relevance of studying the process of child’s growing up is due to a number of contradictions; on the one hand, children’s space of activities is changing, he/she develops in paradoxical, contradictory conditions, on the other hand, growing children do not show an active desire to grow up, sometimes imitate disharmonious forms of behaviour. The purpose of the study is, firstly, to describe the range of domestic and foreign works related to both childhood and adulthood on the background of changing socio-cultural practices, secondly, to isolate the existing manifestations of the problems, identifying the main contradictions caused by changes in the process of growing up, and thirdly, to attempt to develop conceptual provisions of psychological and pedagogical analysis of growing up in modern educational organization. We consider the growing up of a modern child in the educational environment as a process of constant changes in the structure of his/her subjective and objective characteristics, including the formation of child’s image of adulthood in ontogenesis, its development and implementation, as well as the reflection of development of adulthood by children in the psychological and pedagogical space by the participants of educational process (parents, teachers).

scholarly journals Innowacja w kreowaniu wartości konsumenckich jako istotny czynnik podejmowanych wyborów społeczno-ekonomicznych

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 165-180
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Morawiak
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Innovation in creating consumer values as an important factor in socio-economic selection making  Consumption concerns many aspects of human life in both material and non-material dimensions. It shapes the attitude towards the family, spare time management, religion or culture. It sets the shape of our dreams, desires and life aspirations. On the one hand, it affects the system of our values, on the other hand, it is inspired by this system. Opponents of consumption, treating it as a secondary value and value in itself, accuse it of leading to the development of such phenomena as: mass entertainment, commercialization of culture or devel­opment of quite unnecessary, apparent needs. Instead, it removes the values generally respected in so­ciety, such as: interest in the fate of others, solidarity, care for the environment or the future of next gen­erations. Today’s consumer is not a mindless human being subject to the rules of the market, they are increasingly educated, aware and responsible. They make choices based not only on their own needs but based on values existing in a given society. They purchase wisely and respectfully, remembering that today’s choices will be the legacy for future generations, thus the consumer’s interest must be synchronized with these generations. Nowadays, it is the consumer who creates the image of the company, forcing it to take ethical and moral actions, and also heading for conscious consumption. Such an attitude creates the opportunity to include the consumer in the processes of companies’ activities and their innovations, as well as treating them personally and more like a partner. In the realities of the new economic, political, and social system, new values of individuals, as well as of entire social groups associated with the behaviour of consumers of the modern world are developing. Consumption, on the one hand, determines the shape of dreams, desires and the way of life. On the other hand, based on an innovative approach to it, it performs a symbolic function that gives a deeper and wider perspective to existing products, emphasizing them as exceeding their useful functions. Consumers becoming more aware of their choices take into account not only the system of their own values but also the values existing in a given society. This innovative approach to consumption creates new quality, a new lifestyle, it shapes new roles, it draws attention to the environment around us, and it cares about the sensible use of its resources and its means. Following values in the selection of products reveals responsibility connected to decision making, its impact on the environment and on entire social groups. They allow the individual to real­ize themselves in the group and the human community, they enable human development, achieving customer satisfaction, and avoiding the plundering economy. 

scholarly journals SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION SEEKERS IN THE CONTEXT OF SYNERGETIC APPROACH AND POST- NEOCLASSICAL EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
HRYHORIY TERESHCHUK ◽  
NATALIA LUPAK
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Aspects

The problem of self-development of a student related to the transformation of the educational process in the post- neoclassical science is highlighted. This problem is considered in the context of a synergetic approach with the actualization of the needs and opportunities for self-organization of the applicant’s personality as a holistic characteristic of a human. It is noted that the pedagogical process of an educational institution of innovative type should be aimed at developing the abilities of the applicant, their ability to meet the challenges of the information society and self-realization in the changing conditions of the modern world. It is stated that self-development of an applicant within the synergetic paradigm of education requires a reorientation of the educational process from traditional conservative to innovative creative, in which the acquisition of vital competencies is carried out in interaction (communication) with other subjects and taking into account external (physical) and internal (mental) human activity. It is substantiated that the key aspects of the self-development of the student should be focused on the formation of their optimal developmental lifestyle. It is about the ability to self-determination, personal growth, self-regulation, existence, self-expression, self-realization. In the projections of the synergetic paradigm, the individual as a complex, open, nonlinear system appears with all the potential opportunities for self-development, which can be realized under certain organizational and pedagogical conditions. It is stated that despite the fact that the applicant – the future specialist controls their own development, the teacher of higher education should exercise general management of educational activities and is fully responsible for the quality of training of the applicant. This is inherent in any level of education. The new roles of the modern teacher (“moderator”, “coach”, “tutor”, “speaker”, “medium”, etc.) set adequate requirements for these roles. Not only the updated knowledge, but also the ways of obtaining it and the possibilities of its application become valuable for the student at various stages and levels. Key aspects of self-development: the ability to self-determination, personal growth, self-regulation, existence, self-expression, self-realization will contribute to the formation of the individual’s personality, open to new knowledge and values, able to realize their own life purpose.

The function and evasion of marriage fines on a fourteenth-century English manor

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRIAM MÜLLER
Keyword(s):  
Good Deal ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Financial Disincentives ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Since Vinogradoff described merchet payments as ‘the most odious’ of the numerous manorial exactions for which villein tenants were liable, the fine for marriage, classically defined as a levy due from the villein upon the marriage of his daughter, has received a good deal of attention from historians. Although the issue of marriage licences has accordingly been tackled from various perspectives, in recent years the subject at the heart of a number of contributions to the topic was the question of seigneurial control. In tackling this matter, one has to ask what kind of control a manorial lord could or would want to exercise over the matters of matrimony of his social inferiors.An important contribution to the debate was provided in 1979 by Eleanor Searle. A key element in her argument was that marriage licences essentially constituted a tax on the chattels taken as dowry by the bride into her marriage, and as such were not universally enforced. Further, in her view merchet did not so much constitute a test of the status of the individual as one of tenure. At the same time she argued that merchets could be used by the lord to vet prospective marriage partners and thus control the transfers of tenant property lest the latter should slip into freehold tenure. By imposing financial disincentives, merchets, it was argued, also encouraged endogenous marriages. Richard Smith, while arguing that the rates of licences to marry were unlikely to reflect a proportional tax on dowries, nevertheless showed that merchets were not universally exacted and tended to fall predominantly upon richer tenants. Thus he took issue with R. Faith, who in a rejoinder to Searle's contribution suggested that the marriage licence constituted a tax on the marriage itself and was as such universally exacted.In order to consider these problems and test some of the propositions that have been made, this study aims to examine the practice of seigneurial exaction and hence the function of marriage licences, on the one hand, and the relevance and nature of tenant evasion of merchet payments on the other, on one manor from 1330 to 1377. Changes in seigneurial policy towards merchet payments will be analysed and placed in the wider context of the demographic and socio-economic changes affecting manorial life in this period. Within this framework three intertwined aspects of the licence to marry will be examined. First, focusing on the question of which tenants were liable to pay merchets and what constituted the criteria for this liability, the theory and practice of merchet exaction will be considered. Secondly the reasons for the lord's interest in the marriages of his tenants in conjunction with the routes open to him to influence villein marriages to his advantage will be explored. Thirdly the extent and consequences of tenant evasion of merchet fines will be assessed, whilst the clash between lord and tenant over marriage fines will be viewed in the wider context of lord–tenant friction, especially in the post-Black Death period. Central to this discussion, the role and importance of women in this particular act of non-compliance will be examined.

The Enlightenment and the French Revolutionary Birth Pangs of Modernity

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wokler ◽  
Christopher Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Modern Nation State

This chapter's overriding objective is to explain how both the invention of our modern understanding of the social sciences, on the one hand, and the post-Enlightenment establishment of the modern nation-state, on the other, encapsulated doctrines which severed modernity from the Enlightenment philosophy which is presumed to have inspired it. It offers illustrations not so much of the unity of political theory and practice in the modern world as of their disengagement. In providing here some brief remarks on how post-Enlightenment justifications of modernity came to part company from their Enlightenment prefigurations, it hopes to sketch an account of certain links between principles and institutions which bears some relation to both Enlightenment and Hegelian conceptual history.

Translation historiography in the Modern World

Target ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Azadibougar
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Literary System ◽  
Positive Force

Nearly all scholarly works about the encounter of Iran with European modernity emphasize the role of translation not only in introducing new literary forms into the Persian literary system, but also in becoming the main engine of change and modernization of the culture. This paper concerns itself with this constructivist narrative of the available historiographical discourse and the translational environment between 1851 and 1921 in Iran. After describing the field of translation in the period in question, I challenge the uncritical conception of translation as a positive force by, on the one hand, investigating hypothetical cultural and linguistic implications, and on the other hand, questioning the power of translation per se, as ascribed to it in the above mentioned historiographical discourse, in socio-cultural modernization. This will prioritize the individual and cultural translational effects over the supposed institutional ones.

scholarly journals Selbstbestimmung in der digitalen Welt: Über die Vorteile eines ebenenübergreifenden normativen Basiskonzepts für die empirische Erforschung der digitalen Kommunikation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Wessler ◽  
Patrik Haffner ◽  
Eike Mark Rinke
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Collective Levels ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

In this introduction to the special issue we develop a conceptualization of self-determination in a digital world that spans the individual and collective levels. We take up the three empirical dimensions of self-determination that Ryan and Deci have distinguished in their motivational theory of psychological self-determination and transpose them to the collective level. On the dimension of autonomy, collective self-determination refers to the institutions and rules of a democratic communication order; on the competence dimension, it refers to citizens’ political efficacy beliefs; and on the dimension of social connectedness, collective self-determination denotes the existence of shared communicative spaces even across deep divides. This conception of self-determination allows us, on the one hand, to identify causal influences between the individual and collective levels and, on the other hand, helps bring into focus the problems of realizing self-determination in societal communication as well as potentials for their solution. In conclusion, we show how the contributions to this special issue relate to the three empirical dimensions and two levels of self-determination and highlight their respective normative relevance.

scholarly journals ANCIENT RITUALS AND THEIR PLACE IN THE MODERN WORLD: CULTURE, MASCULINITY AND THE KILLING OF BULLS – PART TWO

Obiter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Allister Peté ◽  
Angela Diane Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The One ◽  
Cruelty To Animals

Each year in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, a ceremony is held by the Zulu people in honour of the “first fruits”. A certain part of what is known as the Ukweshwama ceremony involves the ritual killing of a bull by young Zulu warriors with their bare hands. The ritual is opposed by certain animal rights campaigners, who believe it is cruel to the animal which is sacrificed. A highly polarized debate has arisen between those opposed to any form of cruelty to animals on the one hand, and those seeking to defend ancient cultural practices on the other. The purpose of this article is to explore whether or not ancient rituals such as the ritual bull-killing at theUkweshwama ceremony have a place in the modern world, and to interrogate the implications of the dispute which has arisen for the development of South Africa’s constitutional democracy. The article is in two parts. Part One provides a brief synopsis of the importance of cattle within traditional Zulu culture and traces the public controversy surrounding the bull-killing ritual in KwaZulu-Natal. It also examines the legal arguments put before court on the issue, and discusses the origins in antiquity of certain of the main myths and rituals concerning bulls and bullkilling. Part Two compares and contrasts the respective controversies surroundingthe Ukweshwama bull-killing ritual on the one hand, and Spanish bullfighting on the other. It also examines the wide range of positions adopted by philosophers and legal scholars vis-a-vis difficult questions of animal rights and cruelty to animals. The two sides of the argument are weighed up and tentative conclusions are reached.

eng „Przemoc w wychowaniu”: Prawne oraz pedagogiczne uwagi na temat Monitoringu Rzecznika Praw Dziecka w Polsce

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Błażej Juliusz Kmieciak
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Parental Authority ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Violence In Education

Law and education are phenomena that constantly intermingle. On the one hand, in the educational process we use the concepts of rights, freedoms and autonomy. Education must result in shaping a pupils fully mature personality. One of its elements is to build awareness of their rights, taking into account respect for the rights of others. On the other hand, the right is continuously working on society and the individual. It works by: informing, motivating, and educating. The areas of action are related to the relationship that exists between parents and child. This relationship is unique. It refers to the value that family institution has in a society. In the family reveals the crucial role of parental authority. On the other perspective as important it seems to be the problem of respect for the rights of the child which is under the care of their parents. Analyzing the information media and the results of scientific studies more often can be seen the emergence of a particular thread, which is violence. This applies above of violence, which is observed in the educational process. This subject for many years, meets with interest of the Polish, constitutional authority responsible for protecting the child rights, which is the Children Ombudsman. At the end of 2015., on behalf of the above Ombudsman, has been developed an extensive report entitled. “Violence in education. Between the legal ban, and public acceptance. Monitoring of the Children Ombudsman”. Analysis of this document indicates that i society existence a clear and disturbing phenomenon of violence in education. At this point, there are several important questions. In the first place it is worth considering: What is the relationship between the rights of the child and parental authority? Is similar institutions can work together, and "co-exist"? It is also worth to considering: Is education of a child can exist without the element of coercion? Is this compulsion can have a positive face? At the end it is justified to stop the on the socio - legal context of domestic violence formulation. Is the existence of the Polish legal system similar phrases, effectively defends the rights of the family, or may result in the violation of?

scholarly journals Features of Cross-Cultural Dialogue in the Context of the Problem of National Self-Consciousness

wisdom ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ashot Gevorgyan
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The modern world has reached a stage of development which implies a new level of com­munication between people, and between soci­eties. This has led humanity to unprece­den­ted changes in the area of intercultural communi­ca­tion, and therefore requires new approaches in rela­tion to the investigation and analysis of co­exis­tence phenomena (such as conflict and peace), carries of different cultural systems. Chal­lenges posted by modern trends of globalization, are imposing to all the states the activation of inter-ethnic relations and communication, and this leads to the formation of a common cultural environment. In multiethnic societies reveals a variety of opportunities to communicate with different people, which provides good ground for knowledge about the differences and features, as their own ethnic group and other ethnic groups, and of course, are formed and developed the skills of intercultural communication. An impor­tant factor of this cross-cultural communi­cation is becoming a national or ethnic self-con­sciousness, which differs from the other elements of inter­cultural dialogue, by the fact that on the one hand – on the way to the integration of multi­et­h­nic society, the individual consciously or un­consciously (for himself and others) is perceived as a member of a concrete ethnic group. On the other hand – national self-consci­ous­ness most strongly and more clearly distin­guishes from each other the sides of cross-cul­tural dialogue.

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