scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Amazonian plant species against the causative agents of secondary infection in snakebites

Revista Fitos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-297
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Scheffer de Souza ◽  
Valéria Mourão de Moura ◽  
Rosa Helena Veras Mourão ◽  
Maria Teresa Fachin-Espinar ◽  
Cecilia Veronica Nunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Antioxidant Assay ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Causative Agents

Riverine communities in the Brazilian Amazon region use a variety of plants to treat snakebites. These plants can be effective against secondary infections, one of the main complications of snakebites. The aim of this study was to determine whether plants traditionally used to treat snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon may also have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and if so, which classes of chemicals may be responsible for these activities. Aqueous extracts of nine plants were tested in microdilution assays and the more active were prepared using solvents (hexane, methanol and water) and decoction, and nine assays were performed. Assays to determine the antioxidant activity of the most active species were carried out, as well as phytochemistry studies to determine the active components of this species. Bellucia dichotoma exhibited the greatest antimicrobial potential, particularly the hexane, methanol and decoction extracts. In comparative TLC, extracts of this species showed characteristics of terpenoids, compounds with double bonds and flavonoids. In 1H NMR, characteristic signals of sterols such as β-sitosterol, stigmasterols or triterpenes were observed, as well as signals indicating the presence of aromatic hydrogens, characteristic of aromatic substances, and sugars. The methanol extracts and decoction were considered active in the antioxidant assay.

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section by Acinetobacter Species: A Report from a Hyperendemic Setting in the Brazilian Amazon Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Blenda Gonçalves Cabral ◽  
Danielle Murici Brasiliense ◽  
Ismari Perini Furlaneto ◽  
Yan Corrêa Rodrigues ◽  
Karla Valéria Batista Lima
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
The Impact

Surgical site infection (SSI) following caesarean section is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and significant health care costs. This study evaluated the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological features of Acinetobacter spp. in women with SSIs who have undergone caesarean section at a referral hospital in the Brazilian Amazon region. This study included 69 women with post-caesarean SSI by Acinetobacter spp. admitted to the hospital between January 2012 and May 2015. The 69 Acinetobacter isolates were subjected to molecular species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of carbapenemase-encoding genes, and genotyping. The main complications of post-caesarean SSI by Acinetobacter were inadequate and prolonged antibiotic therapy, sepsis, prolonged hospitalization, and re-suture procedures. A. baumannii, A. nosocomialis and A. colistiniresistens species were identified among the isolates. Carbapenem resistance was associated with OXA-23-producing A. baumannii isolates and IMP-1-producing A. nosocomialis isolate. Patients with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infection showed worse clinical courses. Dissemination of persistent epidemic clones was observed, and the main clonal complexes (CC) for A. baumannii were CC231 and CC236 (Oxford scheme) and CC1 and CC15 (Pasteur scheme). This is the first report of a long-term Acinetobacter spp. outbreak in women who underwent caesarean section at a Brazilian hospital. This study demonstrates the impact of multidrug resistance on the clinical course of post-caesarean infections.

Studies of Supported Metal Catalysts Using Low Voltage Biased Secondary Electron Imaging in a JSM-6320f Fe-SEM

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1223-1224
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
R. L. Ornberg ◽  
J. R. Ebner
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Supported Metal Catalysts ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Electron Imaging

Many industrial catalysts have a complex geometric structure to enable reacting gases or fluids to reach as much of the active surface of the catalyst as possible. The catalyzing surface frequently consists of a complex chemical mixture of different phases produced by an evolved chemical process. The active components are often very small particles dispersed on high-surface-area supports. The catalytic properties of this type of catalyst depend on the structure, composition, and morphology of the active species as well as the supports. TEM/STEM and associated techniques have been used extensively to characterize the structure and composition of supported catalysts. Surface morphology of supported catalysts is generally examined by secondary electron imaging, especially at low incident beam energies. It is, however, frequently found that small metal particles are not usually seen in SE images because of the complication of support topography

scholarly journals Inadequate management of natural ecosystem in the Brazilian Amazon region results in the emergence and reemergence of arboviruses

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl) ◽  
pp. S155-S164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro F. C. Vasconcelos ◽  
Amélia P. A. Travassos da Rosa ◽  
Sueli G. Rodrigues ◽  
Elizabeth S. Travassos da Rosa ◽  
Nicolas Dégallier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Mining Dam ◽  
The Impact

A total of 187 different species of arboviruses and other viruses in vertebrates were identified at the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC) from 1954 to 1998, among more than 10,000 arbovirus strains isolated from humans, hematophagous insects, and wild and sentinel vertebrates. Despite intensive studies in the Brazilian Amazon region, especially in Pará State, very little is known about most of these viruses, except for information on date, time, source, and method of isolation, as well as their capacity to infect laboratory animals. This paper reviews ecological and epidemiological data and analyzes the impact of vector and host population changes on various viruses as a result of profound changes in the natural environment. Deforestation, mining, dam and highway construction, human colonization, and urbanization were the main manmade environmental changes associated with the emergence and/or reemergence of relevant arboviruses, including some known pathogens for humans.

Isolation and characterization of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a virgin Brazilian Amazon region with potential to degrade atrazine

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 13974-13978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flavia Tonelli Fernandes ◽  
Michelle Barbosa Partata da Silva ◽  
Vinicius Vicente Martins ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda ◽  
Eliana Guedes Stehling
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

Antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of selected plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
S WONG ◽  
L LEONG ◽  
J WILLIAMKOH
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

Beta-Globin Gene Cluster Haplotypes of Amerindian Populations from the Brazilian Amazon Region

1994 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Farias Guerreiro ◽  
Mauro Silvério Figueiredo ◽  
Marco Antonio Zago
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Beta Globin Gene ◽  
Globin Gene Cluster ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

Polyphenol Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous Algerian Propolis Extracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Soltani ◽  
K. Zaim ◽  
K. Mokhnache ◽  
N. Haichour ◽  
S. Mezaache-Aichour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

The propolis, an extremely complex resinous material, exhibits valuable pharmacological and biological properties, mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenols. The composition of propolis depends on time, vegetation, and the area of collection. Total flavonoid and polyphenol contents of aqueous extracts of propolis samples from different areas of Algeria, determined by using aluminum chloride and Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric methods, were in the range of 3.047 ± 0.004–5.273 ± 0.013 mg/g and 96.833 ± 0.027–458.833 ± 0.0005 mg/g crude extract of propolis, respectively. This study examined the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis. Aqueous extracts of propolis were obtained in order to evaluate their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, β-carotene and electrochemical assays. All tested propolis samples had relatively strong antioxidant activities, which were also correlated with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content present. The percentage of inhibition of lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion during 24 h varied between 86.04 ± 0.42 and 90.60 ± 3.77% among the tested samples. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed by ABAL (Ain Abassa Aqueous Extract) with IC50 = 8.49 ± 5.07 10−5 μg/ml, and the lowest was observed by SAL (Setif Aqueous Extract) with IC50 of 21.16 ± 0.0001 μg/ml. The most important antibacterial activity was obtained with Ain Abassa extract; the zones of inhibition obtained for this excerpt vary from 15.22 to 15.5 mm. Followed by the Setif extract with areas of 12.33 to 12.75 mm, the Tizi-Ouzou extract with areas of 10.11 to 11.11 mm. This study will bring an innovation for further studies with regard to the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the aqueous extracts of propolis. This study corroborates that Algerian propolis is a rich source of natural antioxidants, properties which could be used in the prevention of different diseases, both in humans and in animals.

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