scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
A. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S. I. Lugovoy ◽  
O. I. Yulevich
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Size Type ◽  
One Way Anova

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs. The study was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Animal Husbandry of Steppe Regions named by M. F. Ivanov “Askania-Nova” – the National Scientific Agricultural Center in Sheep Breeding of NAAS. Birth and weaning weights data collected during a 5-vear period from 3961 lambs were used. The reproductive traits of the Ascanian fine-fleece (AC) ewes were evaluated in combination with the rams of different genotypes: Ascanian fine-fleece, Australian merino (AM) and half-bred animals (1/2AC+1/2AM). The main effect of the ram genotype and the year of lambing, the age of the ewes, the litter size, the sex of lamb and the sex ratio in twins on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs was analysed using one-way ANOVA. Differences between years of the 5-year period were highly significantly (P < 0.001) for all lamb traits studied. The effects of the environmental factor (year of lambing) on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs represented 27.2 and 15.2 per cent of the total variance, respectively. The ram-group effects, which are mainly genetic differences, were highly significant (P < 0.001) in all traits. Age of dam had significant effect on the birth weight of lambs (P = 0.048) and was relatively unimportant as a source of variation. Two-year-old ewes bore lighter lambs than older ewes. There were no significant differences in the weaning weight of lambs from the ewes of different age classes. Survival rate was related to birth weight of lambs. Lamb survival increased up to a birth weight of 4.0 kg and only declined when they weighed more than 5.0 kg at birth. Our results showed that singles were 0.61 kg heavier than twins at birth and were 2.42 kg heavier than twins at weaning. Litter size (type of birth) was responsible for 42.5 and 10.0 % of total variability in birth and weaning weights of lambs, respectively (in both cases: P < 0.001). Average birth and weaning weights of male lambs were higher than the females (in both cases: P < 0.001).

scholarly journals 21 Comparison of Savanna, Kiko, and Spanish Sires for Meat Goat Doe-Kid Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
Lauren Stevens ◽  
Emily G Hayes ◽  
Piush Khanal ◽  
Shaneqwa Thomas ◽  
Mozell Byars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Sire Breed

Abstract Savanna sires were evaluated for kid preweaning and doe reproductive traits over six years. Savanna (n = 17) and Kiko (n = 13) sires were bred to Kiko-base does producing 600 kids. Savanna (n = 17) and Spanish (n = 11) sires were bred to Spanish-base does producing 456 kids. Doe traits were evaluated on 536 Kiko and 441 Spanish doe exposures. Kids were weighed at birth and when weaned at 3 mo of age. Non-genetic factors sex and litter size influenced (P &lt; 0.05) kid performance traits as expected. Birth weights of kids from Kiko does were heavier (P &lt; 0.01) for Savanna sires than Kiko sires (3.11 vs. 2.83 ± 0.08 kg). Birth weights of kids from Spanish does were heavier (P &lt; 0.01) for Savanna sires than Spanish sires (3.05 vs. 2.76 ± 0.09 kg). Sire breed did not affect (P &lt; 0.05) weaning weight from Kiko does (15.0 vs 14.8 ±0.6 kg). Savanna sires generated heavier (P &lt; 0.05) weaning weights than Spanish sires (14.2 vs. 13.3 ± 0.6 kg) from Spanish does. Sire breed did not affect ADG or kid survival rates in either doe group. Non-genetic factors litter size and age of dam affected (P &lt; 0.05) doe performance traits in both doe groups. Savanna sires produced heavier litters (P &lt; 0.01) at birth compared to Kiko sires on Kiko does (10.7 vs. 9.7 ± 0.4 kg) and compared to Spanish sires on Spanish does (9.4 vs. 8.3 ± 0.5 kg). Service sire breed did not affect kidding or weaning rate, number of kids born or weaned, or litter weaning weight in either doe group. Savanna sires consistently increased birth weight values. Sire breed did not consistently affect weaning weight values and did not influence other preweaning kid traits or doe reproductive traits.

scholarly journals The effects of breed, sire and environmental factors on the birth and weaning weight of lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
S. Kramarenko ◽  
◽  
A. Kramarenko ◽  
S. Lugovoy ◽  
D. Balan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Size Type

The effects of breed, sire and environmental factors on the birth and weaning weight of lambs The aim of this study was to determine the effect of some important factors influencing on the birth and weaning weight variability in lambs. Data from 2603 ewes was included in the analysis, where 3961 lambs were obtained during the five years of the research. Data was tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the GLM procedure of Minitab Release 13.1. Our results presented significant influence on the year of lambing, breed, ram genotype, age of a dam, type of a birth (litter size), sex of a lamb and on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs. Keywords: birth and weaning weight of lambs; ram genotype; year of lambing; age of ewes; litter size (type of birth); sex of a lamb; the Ascanian fine-fleece breed.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BOBOT LAHIR ANAK BABI DENGAN PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT BADAN, BOBOT SAPIH, MORTALITAS, DAN LITTER SIZE SAPIHAN PADA PETERNAKAN PT. KARYA PROSPEK SATWA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Debora K.I. Bunok ◽  
M.Th.R. Lapian ◽  
V.R.W. Rawung ◽  
G.D.G. Rembet
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

RELATIONSHIP OF WEIGHT BIRTH PIGLET WITH ADDITION OF AGENCY WEIGHT, WEANING WEIGHT, MORTALITY, AND LITTER SIZE WEANING IN LIVESTOCK PT. KARYA PROSPEK SATWA. This study aims to determine how much the relationship of birth weight with weight gain, weaning weight, mortality, and litter size of weaning in animal husbandry companies owned by Animal Prospects. The material used is 7 pregnant sows from Yorkshire and Landrace, with an average body weight of 140 kg which will be taken by 54 children randomly. Furthermore, this research data obtained from weighing piglets during parturition, weighing weekly during weaning and weighing when weaned and taking data on live and dead piglets during the study. The data is then processed by procentage descriptive method and evaluated by simple correlation (r) and determination (R) tests. The variables measured in the study were body weight gain, weaning weight, mortality, and weaning litter size. Birth weight has a very close relationship with weight gain and weaning weight, but litter size weaning has a very weak relation. While mortality is not related. Key words: Piglets, Birth weight, Weight gain, Weaning weight, Mortality, Litter size weaning.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal genetic merit and country of origin on ewe reproductive performance, lambing performance and ewe survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Fetherstone ◽  
N McHugh ◽  
T M Boland ◽  
F M McGovern
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the ewe’s maternal genetic merit and country of origin (New Zealand or Ireland) on ewe reproductive, lambing and productivity traits. The study was performed over a four year period (2016 to 2019) and consisted of three genetic groups: high maternal genetic merit New Zealand (NZ), high maternal genetic merit Irish (High Irish) and low maternal genetic merit Irish (Low Irish) ewes. Each group contained 30 Suffolk and 30 Texel ewes, selected based on the respective national maternal genetic indexes; i.e. either the New Zealand Maternal Worth (New Zealand group) or the €uro-star Replacement index (Irish groups). The impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as litter size; lambing traits such as gestation length, birth weight, lambing difficulty, mothering ability, and productivity traits such as the number of lambs born and weaned were analyzed using linear mixed models. For binary traits, the impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as conception to first AI service; lambing traits such as dystocia, perinatal lamb mortality and productivity traits such as ewe survival were analyzed using logistic regression. New Zealand ewes outperformed Low Irish ewes for conception to first AI (P&lt;0.05) and litter size (P=0.05). Irish ewes were more likely to suffer from dystocia (6.84 (High Irish) and 8.25 (Low Irish) times) compared to NZ ewes (P&lt;0.001); birth weight and perinatal mortality did not differ between groups (P&gt;0.05). Lambs born from NZ ewes were 4.67 (95% CI: 1.89 to 11.55; P&lt;0.001) and 6.54 (95% CI: 2.56 to 16.71; P&lt;0.001) times more likely to stand up and suckle unassisted relative to lambs born from High or Low Irish ewes, respectively. New Zealand and High Irish ewes had a greater number of lambs born and weaned throughout the duration of the study compared to their Low Irish counterparts (P&lt;0.001). New Zealand ewes tended to be more likely to survive from one year to the next compared to Low Irish ewes (P=0.07). Irish ewes of high maternal genetic merit outperformed their Low counterparts in total number of lambs born and weaned per ewe, but performance did not differ across other traits investigated. This highlights the importance of continuous development of the Irish maternal sheep index to ensure favourable improvements in reproductive, lambing and productivity traits at farm level. Overall, results demonstrate the suitability of NZ genetics in an Irish production system.

Comparative farrowing to weaning performance in Meishan and Large White pigs and their crosses

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Lee ◽  
C. S. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Litter Traits ◽  
Breed Differences

AbstractGrowth and survival from birth to weaning were monitored during three generations of crossbreeding between British Large White (LW) and Chinese Meishan (MS) pigs. The design allowed comparisons between sow genotypes ranging from zero to all MS genes, which were mated toLWor MS boars, to produce progeny with proportions of 0·0 to 0·5 or 0·5 to 1·0 MS genes, respectively. Crossbreeding parameters of both maternal and direct piglet performance were estimated for the first two parities using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) methods for litter traits (litter weight at birth, litter mean and within litter standard deviation of piglet weight at birth, proportion surviving to weaning, litter size and weight at weaning and litter mean piglet weight at weaning) and for traits of the piglet (birth weight, probability of survival and weaning weight). For litter traits, the estimated contribution of the additive maternal effect to the breed differences (MS-LW) was significant for litter mean piglet birth weight (–0·46 (s.e. 0·04) kg), survival to weaning (0·15 (s.e. 0·02)), litter size at weaning (1·6 (s.e. 0·16) piglets), litter weaning weight (–11·2 (s.e. 3·8) kg) and litter mean piglet weaning weight (2·54 (s.e. 0·24) kg). Adding litter size and litter mean piglet birth weight to the model removed the additive maternal contribution to the breed differences in survival, and litter size and reduced that for litter mean piglet weaning weight. The contribution of the direct additive effect to the breed difference (MS-LW) was significant for the within litter standard deviation in birth weight (0·018 (s.e. 0·006)), survival to weaning (0·12 (s.e. 0·02)) and litter size (1·12 (s.e. 0·64)) and weight (11·6 (s.e. 4·0) kg) at weaning, but not for piglet weight at birth or weaning. Fitting litter size and litter mean birth weight had comparatively little impact on the direct additive effects. There were significant maternal heterosis effects for litter weight at birth and litter size and weight at weaning, the estimated deviation of the F1 from the midpoint of the two purebreds 3·22 (s.e. 0·55) kg, 2·20 (s.e. 0·47) piglets, and 20·1 (s.e. 3·3) kg respectively, but none for survival or piglet weights. There were direct heterosis effects for litter weight and litter mean piglet weights, the estimated deviation of the Fjfrom the mid point of the two purebreds being 1·16 (s.e. 0·41) kg and 0·14 (s.e. 0·02) kg, for survival to weaning (0·04 (s.e. 0·02)) and for litter weight (11·2 (s.e. 2·5) kg) and litter mean piglet weight (0·96 (s.e. 0·17) kg) at weaning. Fitting litter size and litter mean piglet birth weight removed or reduced both maternal and direct heterosis effects. Individual piglet analyses gave similar results to analyses of the equivalent sow trait. It was concluded that in litters born to MS cows, the lower piglet survival and lower weaning weights were related to the larger litter sizes and lower piglet birth weights. For their birth weight, however, MS piglets have a greater ability to survive and thrive. The large direct and maternal heterosis effects observed for litter and mean piglet weight at weaning werepartly associated with the heavier birth weight of the crossbred piglet.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF BREED AND CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON BIRTH AND WEANING TRAITS OF RANGE SHEEP

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Vesely ◽  
H. F. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Face ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Data collected during a 4-year period from 830 lambs of the Rambouillet, Romnelet, Canadian Corriedale, and Romeldale breeds were used to estimate the effects of breed and certain environmental factors on birth weight, weaning weight, face cover, conformation, and condition score.Rambouillets ranked first in birth weight and weaning weight, had most wool on the face, and scored poorest in conformation. Romnelets ranked second in weaning weight, had least wool-covering on the face, and were judged superior to the other breeds in conformation and condition. Canadian Corriedales had heavier lambs at birth than Romeldales; however, the Romeldales were more open in the face and scored better in conformation and condition.Year was one of the major sources of variation in weaning weight and conformation. Breed and sex contributed largely to variation in face-cover score. Effects of birth and rearing type (single, twin, or twin raised singly) on birth weight, weaning weight, conformation, and condition were significant (P < 0.01) and accounted for a large part of the total variation in birth weight, weaning weight, and condition score. Age of dam had significant effects on birth weight (P < 0.01) and weaning weight (P < 0.05) but was relatively unimportant as a source of variation. Birth weight increased with advancing date of birth, and weaning weight, body conformation score, and condition score improved with age at weaning.The percentage of total variability (sum of squares) due to the fitting of constants for the factors studied was: birth weight, 47; weaning weight, 47; face cover, 19; conformation, 37; and condition, 24.

MASS SELECTION FOR POST-WEANING GROWTH IN SWINE. V. CORRELATED RESPONSE OF REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS AND PRE-WEANING GROWTH

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-801
Author(s):  
I. GARNETT ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

Female reproductive performance and pre-weaning survival and growth were examined in a population of swine over 11 generations of selection for post-weaning average daily gain (ADG). Three separate breeding groups were used: (1) a Lacombe (L) line selected each generation for ADG, (2) a Yorkshire control (Y) line, and (3) a crossbred Lacombe × Yorkshire group (LY) generated each generation from the L and Y lines. Breeding group differences were evident for litter size, perinatal mortality, pre-weaning mortality, gestation length, birth weight, pre-weaning average daily gain (PreADG) and weaning weight. Selection did not affect number born, number born alive, number weaned or birth weight. When the values for the L line were expressed as a deviation from the control, pre-weaning mortality showed an increase. The increase appeared to be due to a decrease in the control rather than an increase in the L line. Gestation length showed a negative response to selection. As in the case of pre-weaning mortality, the response appeared to be a reflection of the instability of the control line. Genetic gains in PreADG of 0.004 kg/day/generation were realized in both the L line and LY group. Correspondingly, responses of 0.18 and 0.19 kg/generation were realized for weaning weight in the L line and LY group.

scholarly journals Genetic parameter estimation for reproductive traits in QingYu pigs and comparison of carcass and meat quality traits to Berkshire×QingYu crossbred pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1224-1232
Author(s):  
Jia Luo ◽  
Yiting Yang ◽  
Kun Liao ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

Objective: The QingYu pig is well known for its excellent meat quality attributes in Sichuan province, China. In order to improve its production efficiency, the determination of genetic factors contributing to quantifiable economic traits of livestock is important. Moreover, the cross-breeding of QingYu pigs with western breeds possessing strong growth attributes is an efficient way to improve the performance of this breed.Methods: Here, the genetic parameters of several important reproductive traits of QingYu pigs were estimated, include total number born (TNB), number born alive, litter birth weight, individual birth weight, number of piglets weaned, litter weaning weight, and individual weaning weight. The data was analyzed using the ASReml 3.0 software (NSW Inc., Sydney, Australia). Furthermore, the effects of crossing Berkshire with QingYu (BQ) pigs on carcass and meat quality traits, as well as the effects of slaughter weight on carcass and meat quality of BQ were characterized.Results: QingYu pigs exhibited superior reproductive traits. The TNB available to QingYu pigs was more than 8 per parity. The observed repeatability of the reproductive traits of the QingYu pigs was between 0.10 and 0.23. The significantly correlated genetic and phenotypic of reproduction traits were consistent. Interestingly, the BQ pigs exhibited improved carcass quality, with a significant increase in loin muscle area, lean percentage and reduction in sebum percentage. As a result, BQ had higher L<sub>45min</sub>, lower cooking scores, and lower drip loss. In addition, the loin muscle area, body length, and sebum percentage were significantly higher in 90 and 100 kg animals. Cooking loss showed a significant increase at 80 kg, and marbling increased significantly from 90 kg.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that QingYu pigs exhibit excellent reproductive properties and heritability of these traits. Crossing with Berkshire is an efficient strategy to improve the carcass and meat quality of QingYu pigs for commercial operations. Furthermore, it appears as though the optimal slaughter weight of BQ pigs is at approximately 90 kg.

scholarly journals PENGARUH BOBOT LAHIR DENGAN PENAMPILAN ANAK BABI SAMPAI DISAPIH

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Marfiane M. Nangoy ◽  
M. T. Lapian ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J. E. M. Soputan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Keywords Birth Weight ◽  
Observation Results

THE EFFECT OF BIRTH WEIGHT WITH THE APPEARANCE OF THE PIGLETS UNTIL WEANING. The purpose of this research is to determine the corellation of birth weight with the appearance of the piglets until weaning. This research used the method of observation. Results or data obtained in this research, piglets from each parent is divided into 3 categories: high, medium, low. Retrieval of data held on a new born piglets, piglets aged 1 week until the time of weaning. Parameters observed in this research is the birth weight of piglets per head, body weight gain, the weight of piglets, and mortality (MRTA) piglets before weaned (%). Data were analyzed and presented descriptively, which is describing and explaining the general picture of direct observation. Based on the results of this research we concluded that litter size piglets, determines how high the birth weight, weaning weight, body weight gain, and mortality. The greater the birth weight more likely to obtain a high weaning weight as in this research the highest birth weight is 1.64 kg after weaning reached 7.54 kg. Keywords: Birth Weight, Piglets, Weaning

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characteristics Of Indigenous Sheep Of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pervage ◽  
M Ershaduzzaman ◽  
MAI Talukder ◽  
MN Hasan ◽  
MAMY Khandoker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Better Than

This experiment was undertaken to know the phenotypic characteristics of native sheep. The study was conducted to investigate morphometric characters of sheep in three different field sites (Naogaon, Noakhali and Tangail) and Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) nucleus flock through close observation, measuring and record keeping. Characteristics of body weight, body length, heart girth, wither height, fore leg length, hind leg length, head length, ear length, ear width, horn length etc were collected from mature sheep. The results indicate that the average litter size, birth weight, weaning weight and body weight gain were comparatively higher in sheep of BLRI nucleus flock than those of other three regions. The average numbers of service/conception, post partum heat period (days), age at first heat (days), age at first lambing (days), lambing interval (days) were 1.30, 34.13, 266.50, 432.72, 192.17 respectively in BLRI nucleus flock which were comparatively better than the other three regions. The average litter size, birth weight (kg), weaning weight (kg) and body weight gain (g) in nucleus flock were 1.80, 1.19, 6.74 and 60.70 consequently. The overall performance of the sheep of BLRI nucleus flock were comparatively better than the others which may be due to the result of selective breeding, improve feeding, housing, health management etc. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v38i1-2.9906 BJAS 2009; 38(1-2): 1-6

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