scholarly journals Analysis of the hotel industry potential of Lviv region. Prospects for the rural hotels development

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (98) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
T. V. Kalaitan ◽  
O. Ya. Hrymak ◽  
L. P. Kushnir ◽  
R. K. Shurpenkova ◽  
O. M. Sarakhman
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
High Position ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Hotel Sector ◽  
Tourist Accommodation ◽  
The Eu

The hotel industry is one of the most important components of tourism. Its capacity depends on the ability to generate revenue from the full range of tourism services, and, consequently, the success of tourism development at both national and regional levels. Therefore, in this study we would like to assess (1) the hotel sector positioning in the Lviv region by share in the tourist accommodation establishments among the regions of Ukraine; (2) state indicators of Ukraian hotel industry in comparison with similar indicators of the EU member states; (3) the Lviv region position in terms of share in the Ukraine hotel sector among other regions; (4) prospects for the rural hotels development. In the research process we used the systematic review method of scientific publications, Ukrainian legislation, as well as information and analytical materials of international organizations in the tourism field. The hotel sector positioning of Lviv region among other Ukraine regions it is determined on the basis of the studied regions share in the total volume of the country as a whole. The analysis showed that hotels and similar accommodation are the main part of the tourist accommodation establishments potential in the Lviv region. During the study period (2017–2019) the hotel business of Lviv region has a consistently high position among other regions (2nd place). Ranking 2nd in Europe in terms of area, Ukraine ranks 10th in the number of hotels and similar accommodation, and 22nd in the number of beds – among the EU countries, which indicates the insufficient level of the national hotel sector development. The number of hotels in Ukraine is growing slowly. The main reasons for this are: the unstable economic and political situation, the high cost of loans to finance the construction of new hotels, long-term return on investment in hotel real estate and others. The experience of foreign countries with a high level of the hotel sector development shows that state intervention is used to achieve such results. Therefore, in order to develop the hotel sector in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop a program to support it. In particular, in our opinion, fiscal incentives should be introduced (for example, a reduction in the VAT rate for the hotel sector). To increase the tourist flow can be applied the practice of VAT refunds for tourists, reducing VAT rates on passenger transport.

scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Structural Fund Support Mitigating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the EU—A Case Study of Health Unit Funding

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4976
Author(s):  
Karina Bedrunka ◽  
Łukasz Mach ◽  
Anna Kuczuk ◽  
Anna Bohdan
Keyword(s):  
Research Process ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structural Fund ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The research carried out describes the provision of COVID-19 funding in individual EU Member States under the ongoing operational programmes of the EU financial perspective in the period 2014–2020. This was followed by identification of the most important areas of support and the amounts allocated to them for Poland and its sixteen voivodeships under the available EU funds from the 2014–2020 perspective. Types and forms of support for health services from the funds of the Regional Operational Programme for the Opolskie Voivodeship 2014–2020 (ROP WO) were analysed in detail. The obtained results showed that Italy, Spain, and Poland provided the largest values of support under the available operational programmes from 2014–2020 to combat the effects of COVID-19. In Poland, funding was mainly provided by the European Regional Development Fund, with the dominant support allocated to entrepreneurship and health care. In the Opolskie voivodeship, which is the case study, the additional financing in the health area concerns: personal protective equipment, equipment, construction works, oxygen installations, and waste water management. In this article, a literature analysis of the issue was conducted prior to the research process, which included theories of post-2007 crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus is on the theoretical background and research showing the impact of crises from the point of view of social, economic, and ecological dimensions, i.e., from the point of view of sustainable development. It also presents planned and implemented public intervention to offset the negative effects of COVID-19 in 2020 from structural funds in EU countries, including Poland and its 16 voivodeships.

scholarly journals Intervention on the agricultural land market in relation to the end of the transitional period for purchasing agricultural land by foreigners

Equilibrium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesława Lizińska ◽  
Renata Marks-Bielska ◽  
Karolina Babuchowska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Value Added ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Land Market ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Traditional Form ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
The Eu

Research background: A traditional form of state intervention in agriculture comprised regulating the rights to ownership. One of the often discussed aspects of regulations refers to those binding for foreigners. Purpose of the article: The objective of the article was to analyse the position (of the European Economic and Social Committee and the Polish legislator) regarding the phenomenon of purchasing agricultural property by foreigners as well as the opinions of farmers on the consequences for the agricultural land market resulting from ending the transitional period in Poland for purchasing agricultural property by foreigners as on 1 May 2016. Methods: Direct studies were conducted in 2015 among 86 farmers in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Findings and Value added: The main reason for such a discussion conducted globally and in Europe is the phenomenon of excessive concentration and the use of land for non-agricultural purposes. Whereas, the European Economic and Social Committee indicates that in order to limit unfavourable practices in the EU member states, activities directed at preventing speculation, preserving local traditions and ensuring a proper usufruct of land should be permitted. The majority of farmers were afraid of the changes in the agricultural land market after the end of the transitional period in purchasing agricultural property by foreigners.  They emphasised the above by expressing opinions on regulations binding in the transitional period and their effectiveness. With regard to the provisions of the Act of 5 August 2015, farmers were afraid of an increase in prices of agricultural land and the capital advantage of foreigners.

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of data relating to ski tourism according to Scorpus database

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Tomasz Góra ◽  
Leon Rak ◽  
Agnieszka Pluto-Prądzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Publication Output ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Eu

Background: The aim of the research was to acquire knowledge as to how the development of scientific publications looks, while also to specify the scope of research on the area of ski tourism. The research process is concentrated on the following research questions: In what way has the scientific output developed in the field of research on ski tourism? Who is the principal participant (countries, universities, authors, titles of sources) in the accumulation of research in a particular field? Method: In the process of selecting the test sample as a source of bibliometric data the Scopus database was applied. The test sample (N=1500) consisted of publications that contained such phrases in their works as “ski tourism”, “ski hotels”, “ski resorts” in their titles or key words. A general profiling of publications was conducted in order to assess the trends in scientific output and the acknowledgement of the leading co-workers in the field of research. MS Excel was applied for the purpose of supporting the process of analysis and the visualization of results. Results: The analysis indicates that research on ski tourism is one of the aspects of great tradition. This has gained increasingly great interest among academic environments, which led to the breakthrough growth in the number of publications in 2006 indexed in the Scopus database. This publication output encompasses 26 research areas. Conclusions: The principal areas yielding the largest number of publications with regard to ski tourism are to be found in social sciences and science on the environment. The main authors and co-authors in this field are as follows: representatives from the EU and the USA, while the most productive research institution is Universität Innsbruck. The author of the greatest number of publications is Prof. Daniel Scott (University of Waterloo, Canada). The EU is one of the main sponsors.

Key dimensions of crises in the EU: contemporary aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Tetjana Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Fiscal Compact ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Institutional Organization ◽  
The Eu

Purpose. The aim of the article is to describe the main factors of crisis phenomena in the development of the European integration process. Methodology. The methodology involves a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical material on this subject, as well as formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific cognition were used in the research process: dialectical, terminological, formal and logical, comparative and legal, system and functional methods. Results. Transformation processes in the EU serve as a manifestation of global economic and information development. The crisis in the euro area was largely due to the peculiarities of its economic and institutional organization, in particular, the conditions for the free movement of capital and the lack of policy coordination in other sectors of the economy. Until now, measures in the field of economic governance in the EU have been largely ineffective due to their recommendatory nature and the lack of a legal obligation for EU Member States to comply with them. The crisis in the euro area and the EU in general has created favorable political conditions for deep institutional changes in the field of European integration. In particular, the dependence of EU countries on financial assistance from the ESM leads them to comply with the terms of the Fiscal Compact. At present, most EU political leaders consider deepening integration to be the key to securing the EU’s future economic growth and preventing future crises. In this context, the launch of a common fiscal policy is a significant step towards economic integration in the EU. Scientific novelty. The study found that most EU leaders are fully aware of the need for structural convergence, namely overcoming structural and cyclical differences among the economies of euro-area countries, as well as the main and secondary risks of divergence as a destructive phenomenon that can disrupt the established social, political, legal and economic order within the EU. Practical significance. Research materials can be used for comparative law studies.

scholarly journals The Origins of Supranational State Aid Legislations: What Policymakers Must Know and Adhere to. The Case of Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Evelin Pärn-Lee
Keyword(s):  
State Intervention ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
State Interference ◽  
Independent Country ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Supranational State

Abstract As an independent country, Estonia can decide on how to promote its economy through state intervention, at least in theory. At the same time, Estonia has been a WTO member since 1999 and an EU Member State since 2004 and must adhere to these rules. Both regimes limit a Member State’s ability to interfere in the economy, setting forth rules on when a state can interfere with consequences if the rules are not met. But these rules differ, and the same situation can have a different result depending on the rules applied. Also, both sets of rules limit the competence of a member country to interfere in economy differently, for example, the WTO applies a rather lenient ex post control while in the EU a strict ex ante control by the Commission is used. Also the consequences for failing to adhere are different. Although one of the smallest EU Member States and represented by the Commission in WTO roundtables, it is still relevant for Estonia to have a position on globally applied state interference measures, and present and protect its views, if needed. To successfully promote its economy nationally and in the EU, Estonian policymakers, like those of any other country in the same position, must know not only the applicable state interference rules but also the underlying principles thereof. The article will provide a historical overview of the framework of the supranational state aid regimes of the WTO and the EU, as well as the domestic rules of Estonia. It is aimed at reflecting the principles behind the state aid rules that the domestic policymakers must consider when designing national state interference measures. The author applies classical research methods, namely, reading and interpretation of texts, but also comparing the WTO, EU and Estonian laws on state subsidies.

scholarly journals THE PROS AND CONS OF THE EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona ZAWOJSKA
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
European Organization ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union has generated a great deal of attention and controversy among research community, practitioners and the wider population. The aim of this study is to overview and to discuss the thoughts and comments on the CAP which have been addressed by both its proponents and its opponents in the scientific publications, political commentaries, official reports, pubic opinion surveys and social-media-based public forums. While on the one hand, recent public opinion poll (Eurobarometer 2016) indicated broad support among EU citizens for the CAP; on the other hand, other sources give some strong arguments in favour of reducing or even scrapping the CAP. The CAP supporters (including European Commission itself) highlight, among others, the benefits of this policy (environmental; cultural; social vitality; food variety, quality and security; maintaining of rural employment, etc.) for all European citizens and not only for farmers, while CAP opponents stress its unfairness both to non-farmers (e.g. huge financial costs of its policy for taxpayers) and small farmers (large farmers benefit most), heavy administrative burden for farmers as well as the CAP’s destructing impact both on the EU states’ agriculture systems and developing countries’ agricultural markets. The CAP is basically the same for all EU member states but the EU countries differ considerably in terms of their rural development. According to some views, the CAP does not fit the Central and Eastern European countries. It represents a failure of the EU to adjust adequately from an exclusively Western European institution into a proper pan-European organization.

scholarly journals Funkcjonowanie i finansowanie europejskiej polityki rynku pracy w czasach światowego kryzysu gospodarczego

2012 ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
Alina Grynia
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Job Search ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Eu

Labour market policy is considered an element of state intervention in market mechanisms as consequence of negative labour market phenomena. Downturn on labour market caused by global economic crisis has led to increase in the number of tasks of LMP aimed at protection of existing jobs, providing social benefits to the unemployed and facilitating job search. Basic instruments of active and passive LMP are presented in the text as well as conditions and effectiveness of their application, and financing in the EU member states during economic crisis. The analysis performed showed that the LMP introduced in different states differed greatly depending on the chosen LMP model. It can be stated that expenses for active and passive instrument increased in all member states during crisis. However, the level of changes differed among the states. The largest increase has been noted among old member states. The largest share of the expenses for LMP was spent on passive LMP. During economic downturn the number of beneficiaries of passive LMP increased. The effectiveness of the instruments used is evaluated differently among the member states. Reliable analysis of LMP effectiveness during crisis requires more time and preparation of unified research methodology.

Projecting a European Diploma in Psychology

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Wilpert
Keyword(s):  
Research Process ◽  
Project Team ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
External Constraints ◽  
Internal Procedures ◽  
The Eu

The paper presents an inside evaluation of the EuroPsyT project, funded by the EU Leonardo Program in 1999-2001. While standard research usually neglects to reflect on the internal and external constraints and opportunities under which research results are achieved, the paper stresses exactly those aspects: starting from a brief description of the overall objectives of the 11 countries project, the paper proceeds to describe the macro-context and the internal strengths and weaknesses of the project team, the internal procedures of cooperation,. and obstacles encountered during the research process. It winds up in noting some of the project's achievements and with a look towards future research.

EUROPEAN UNION´S SUGAR MARKET CONCENTRATION UNDER THE SUGAR QUOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľuboš SMUTKA ◽  
Helena ŘEZBOVÁ ◽  
Patrik ROVNÝ
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sugar Market ◽  
Current Production ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Eu

The European sugar beet quota system is in very high dynamic process in recent years. The number of sugar companies involved in this system has been constantly decreasing. The aim of this paper is to define subjects (companies/alliances), which possess the current production capacities working under the production quotas system. The paper is determining especially the level of beet sugar production quota holder system concentration using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The paper provides the following findings. The European quota holder system is extremely concentrated and it is becoming more and more dominated by fewer players. Sugar quota is distributed among 19 EU-Member States. In this regard, the quota is generous, especially in relation to France, Germany, Poland and United Kingdom. In Finland, Lithuania, Hungary, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovakia and the United Kingdom controlled by two or even one subject (companies, alliances). There is a large discrepancy between political efforts to distribute equitable R 1308/2013-sugar quotas among states and the actual reality of those distributions. While the EU-quota holder system does not indicate an extreme concentration, an analysis according to the headquarters´ location and allocated quotas to owners of production capacities provides the evidence of extreme concentration.

BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL BASED ON MORE EFFICIENT LAND USE IN THE EU

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina PILVERE ◽  
Aleksejs NIPERS ◽  
Bartosz MICKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Green Growth ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Key Industries ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Production Resource

Europe 2020 Strategy highlights bioeconomy as a key element for smart and green growth in Europe. Bioeconomy in this case includes agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food and pulp and paper production, parts of chemical, biotechnological and energy industries and plays an important role in the EU’s economy. The growth of key industries of bioeconomy – agriculture and forestry – highly depends on an efficient and productive use of land as a production resource. The overall aim of this paper is to evaluate opportunities for development of the main sectors of bioeconomy (agriculture and forestry) in the EU based on the available resources of land. To achieve this aim, several methods were used – monographic, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, statistical analysis methods. The findings show that it is possible to improve the use of land in the EU Member States. If all the Member States reached the average EU level, agricultural products worth EUR 77 bln would be annually additionally produced, which is 19 % more than in 2014, and an extra 5 billion m3 volume of forest growing stock would be gained, which is 20 % more than in 2010.

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