Risk is my business. Determinants of revisit intentions among participants in extreme sporting events

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Francesco Raggiotto
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Image Fit ◽  
Revisit Intentions ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Intention To Revisit ◽  
Event Image ◽  
Process Macro

Multi-billion-dollar revenues and thousands of people involved, qualify extreme sports as a growing marketing phenomenon. This study addresses the determinants of consumer-athletes intention to revisit extreme sport events. We propose a model investigating the role sensation-seeking tendency, event satisfaction, and event image fit in determining revisit intention of active participants, basing on sensationseeking theory. The model is empirically tested with the SPSS PROCESS macro on 240 active participants in extreme sport events. The findings suggest that sensationseeking leads to revisit intention only through satisfaction, especially when event image fit is strong.

scholarly journals Relationship Analysis of Destination Image, Sports Involvement, Event Quality and Travel Motives as an Antecedent Factors on Revisit Intention in Recurring Running Sports-Event

The Winners ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Angga Wicaksono ◽  
Tara Setyaningtyas ◽  
Annesa Nariswari Kirana
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Sport Event ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Sports Involvement ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intention To Revisit

The research aimed to examine the relationship between destination image, sports involvement, quality of sport events, and travel motives as antecedent factors to predict repeat visit intentions of marathon events. This was a further study of the trends that occur in society regarding the changing perception that sport is not only for health purposes, but also as a profitable tourism subject. Data was collected using quantitative, non-probability, purposive sampling methods. The research instrument was an online questionnaire which was distributed to tourists and athletes who took part in running sport-events. The data analysis method uses Structural Equation Modelling with Smart PLS 3.0. The test results show that not all research hypotheses are accepted. Sport-event quality (SQ) has a positive relationship but has no significant effect on revisit intention (RI) from repeated sporting events. The positive effect of travel motive (TM) on the intention to revisit a repetitive sporting event (RI) is proven. Travel motive (TM) also has a positive and significant effect on destination image (DI). Sports involvement (SI) has a positive and significant effect on revisit intention (RI). The same positive and significant effect is also shown in the relationship between sports event quality (SQ) and destination image (DI) variables. Revisit intention (RI) of repeated sporting events was found to be positively influenced by destination image (DI). There is a significant indirect effect of sport-event quality on intention to revisit repeated sporting events (RI), mediated by destination image.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Major Sport Events in Visitors’ Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction, and Intention to Revisit a Destination

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sanela Škorić ◽  
Josip Mikulić ◽  
Petra Barišić
Keyword(s):  
Previous Experience ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
Total Satisfaction ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Revisit Intentions ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
First Time ◽  
Intention To Revisit

Sport events represent a popular motive for travel and can bring a huge influx of visitors with multiple benefits for a destination. The purpose of this article is to analyze the effect of previous experience with the destination on future behavior in the form of intention to visit/revisit it and to shed more light on the relationship between visitors’ satisfaction and their future revisit intentions depending on their previous experience with the destination and the sporting event. The research setting was EuroBasket 2015, Zagreb, Croatia (EB), the largest and the most important basketball competition for national teams in Europe. A face-to-face survey with visitors of each of the 15 played games was conducted on site. In total, 765 questionnaires were collected. For the purpose of this paper, only foreign visitors (461 questionnaires) were included in the analysis. The connection between past experience and future intention to visit was tested with Pearson’s chi-squared test, differences in satisfaction levels—using the t-test for independent samples. In the next step of the analysis, we performed an analysis of impact asymmetry (IA) and of impact range (IR). The necessary input data were obtained through an OLS regression model with binary-coded dummy variables. The results showed that repeat visitors are more likely to express an intention to revisit the destination than first-time visitors, but the level of total satisfaction with EB was the same for both groups (first-time visitors and repeat visitors). The most influential event attributes for overall satisfaction were organization of EB in general, layout of the arena, and preparation of the city for the event. The study expanded the theoretical understanding of the visitors’ satisfaction with sporting event attributes as well their intention to revisit the destination.

scholarly journals To Read or Not to Read: Modeling Online Newspaper Reading Satisfaction and Its Impact on Revisit Intention and Word-Of-Mouth

10.28945/4118 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 337-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapushe Rabaya Toma ◽  
Imran Mahmud ◽  
Mohamed Emran Hossain ◽  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
T. Ramayah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Online News ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Online Newspaper ◽  
Revisit Intentions ◽  
Intention To Revisit

Aim/Purpose: In this research, we examined the influence of the information system (IS) quality dimensions proposed by Wixom and Todd on reading satisfaction of online newspaper readers in Bangladesh, especially the readers’ intention to revisit and recommendations through electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Background: We identified the top 50 most visited websites, of which 13 were online newspapers, although their ranking among Bangladesh online newspapers varies from month to month. The literature illustrates that, despite the wide availability of online news portals and the fluctuations in frequency of visits, little is known about the factors that affect the satisfaction, word-of-mouth, and frequency of visits of readers. An understanding of reader satisfaction will help to gain richer insights into the phenomenon of readers’ intention to revisit and recommendation by eWOM. Stakeholders of online newspapers can then focus on those factors to increase visits to their websites, which will help them attract online advertisements from different organisations. Methodology: Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, from 217 people who responded to the survey. We used SmartPLS 3 to analyze the data collected, as it is based on second-generation analysis, which in turn is based on structural equation modeling (SEM). Contribution: This research explores the impacts of technological dimensions on readers’ satisfaction, as most of the previous research has focused on cultural or social dimensions. Findings: The results supported all of the hypothesized relationships between technological dimensions and reader satisfaction with online newspapers, except for one. The first, information, was predicted with accuracy and completeness, while the second object-based belief, system quality, was predicted by its accessibility, flexibility, reliability, and timeliness. Overall, quality factors influencing readers’ satisfaction were shown to lead to word-of-mouth revisit intentions. Our proposed model was empirically tested and has contributed to a nascent body of knowledge about readers’ revisit intentions and eWOM recommendations regarding online newspapers. It was also shown that strong satisfaction leads to higher revisit intention and eWOM. Recommendations for Practitioners: To keep the users satisfied, online newspapers need to focus on improving information quality (IQ) and system quality (SQ). If they do this well, they will be rewarded with higher revisit intention and recommendations by eWOM. Recommendation for Researchers: This study extends Oh’s customer loyalty model by integrating the Wixom-Todd model. This study reinforces an alternative rationale of the construct satisfaction. Future Research: We ignored negative stimulus like technostress, which can have an impact on satisfaction. In future, we will test the relationship between technostress and its impact on online newspaper reading.

Athlete health and safety at large sport events: the development of consensus-driven guidelines

2020 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-102771
Author(s):  
Margo Mountjoy ◽  
Jane Moran ◽  
Hosny Ahmed ◽  
Stephane Bermon ◽  
Xavier Bigard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Sport Events

All sport events have inherent injury and illness risks for participants. Healthcare services for sport events should be planned and delivered to mitigate these risks which is the ethical responsibility of all sport event organisers. The objective of this paper was to develop consensus-driven guidelines describing the basic standards of services necessary to protect athlete health and safety during large sporting events. By using the Knowledge Translation Scheme Framework, a gap in International Federation healthcare programming for sport events was identified. Event healthcare content areas were determined through a narrative review of the scientific literature. Content experts were systematically identified. Following a literature search, an iterative consensus process was undertaken. The outcome document was written by the knowledge translation expert writing group, with the assistance of a focus group consisting of a cohort of International Federation Medical Chairpersons. Athletes were recruited to review and provide comment. The Healthcare Guidelines for International Federation Events document was developed including content-related to (i) pre-event planning (eg, sport medical risk assessment, public health requirements, environmental considerations), (ii) event safety (eg, venue medical services, emergency action plan, emergency transport, safety and security) and (iii) additional considerations (eg, event health research, spectator medical services). We developed a generic standardised template guide to facilitate the planning and delivery of medical services at international sport events. The organisers of medical services should adapt, evaluate and modify this guide to meet the sport-specific local context.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Extreme Sports Participation, Sensation Seeking, and Negative Risky Behaviors of Middle-School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Chunmei ◽  
He Lingling ◽  
Ge Ning ◽  
Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
School Students ◽  
Extreme Sports

Objective: The aim was to investigate the relationships among extreme sports participation, sensation seeking, and negative risky behaviors (smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling) for middle-school students.Methods: Using a convenience sampling procedure, all students from a middle school in a district of Chongqing were selected to participate in the survey, which included questions on their extreme sports participation rate, and smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling behavior.Results: A sample of 2,987 middle-school students participated in this study. The results showed that the proportions of students participating in extreme sports, smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling were 19.9, 4.8, 18.4, and 3.0%, respectively. There were significant differences between different genders, schools, place of residence, smoking, drinking, gambling, and sensation seeking of the participation rate of students of extreme sports, the rate of boys, junior middle-school students, urban students, smokers, alcohol drinkers, gamblers, and high-sensation-seeking students were relatively higher than that of girls, senior middle-school students, rural students, no-smokers, no-alcohol drinkers, no-gamblers, and low-sensation-seeking students. Alcohol drinking, gambling, and sensation seeking were associated with extreme sports participation, and the students who drank alcohol, who gambled, and who were high sensation seeking were more likely to participate in extreme sports than those who did not drink alcohol, who did not gamble, and who were low sensation seeking.Conclusion: Middle schools should integrate extreme sports education into physical education and risky-behavior education, strengthen relevant knowledge and safety training, and guide students to meet their sensation-seeking needs through participation in extreme sports instead of risky behaviors.

scholarly journals The Antecedents of Satisfaction and Revisit Intention for Full-Service Restaurants

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Adilla Anggraeni ◽  
Lucina Iswi Hapsari Sulistyo ◽  
Natalia Affandy
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
To Come ◽  
Revisit Intentions

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing customers' satisfaction and revisit intentions for full-service restaurants in Jakarta. The recent economic crisis is known to have had a great impact on consumer behavior with regard to restaurants. Therefore, this study is primarily focused on exploring the effects on the traditional antecedents of satisfaction and revisit intentions as full-time restaurants attempt to come up with better marketing strategies. This study involved 150 respondents who recently visited a full-service restaurant within the period of one month prior to the data collection. A confirmatory factor analysis and a reliability analysis were used to test the reliability and validity of the measurements. The hypotheses testing was conducted using a simple and multiple linear regression analysis to test the suitability of the proposed model for measuring satisfaction and revisit intentions. The results of the study showed that atmosphere has a significant influence on customer satisfaction and revisit intention. Customer satisfaction was also found as one of the most significant factors impacting revisit intention in the full-service restaurant industry. Therefore, restaurant managers can use a combination of good price and exciting atmosphere to enhance satisfaction and revisit intention. This study provides insights on full-service restaurants in Indonesia which have not received much attention in both marketing and hospitality literature.

Spectator satisfaction model for mass participant sport events: antecedents and consequences

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Duan ◽  
Bing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Event Image ◽  
Satisfaction Model ◽  
Participant Sport

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose and examine an integrated model of spectator satisfaction in mass participant sport events.Design/methodology/approachThe Wuhan marathon, held in the middle of China, was selected serve for the study to examine the antecedents and consequences of spectator satisfaction at mass participant sport events. Data were collected from 956 spectators of the event on the day of the race. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the research model proposed by this study.FindingsStructural equation modeling results indicate the following. First, the event image and perceived social impact of the event are important predictive factors of spectator satisfaction. Second, spectator satisfaction is positively associated with behavioral intentions toward the event and the sponsors' product. Third, spectator satisfaction plays a significant mediating role between the antecedents and consequences; specifically, compared to perceived social impacts of the event, event image has greater indirect effects on both event-related behavioral intentions and event sponsors' products.Originality/valueUntil now, there has not been an integrated research study on the sport spectator satisfaction model in the context of mass participant sport events. This paper thus extends the understanding of the spectator satisfaction in the context of mass participant sport events, and the findings provide valuable implications for holding cities and event organizers of mass participant sport events in emerging countries.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Social Value of Sport Events Through an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Misener ◽  
Nico Schulenkorf
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Asset Based Community Development ◽  
Sport Events

With an increasing emphasis on the social value of sport and events, there has been a shift in focus regarding the management and development process of event projects as well as their associated outcomes. This shift is about emphasizing a more strategic approach to developing social benefits by recognizing and utilizing leverageable resources related to sport events as a means of fostering lasting social and economic change (Chalip, 2006; O’Brien & Chalip, 2007; Schulenkorf & Edwards, 2012). In this paper, we adapt and apply the asset-based community development (ABCD) approach as a means of developing a more action-oriented, community-based approach to leveraging the social assets of sporting events. In applying the ABCD approach, we aim to shift the focus of event-led projects away from attempts to “solve” social problems (i.e., deficit perspective) to enhancing the existing strengths of communities (i.e., strengths perspective). We reflect on case study findings that highlight the challenges and opportunities in realizing an ABCD approach for disadvantaged communities through an examination of a healthy lifestyle community event initiative in the Pacific Islands.

Event and city image: the effect on revisit intention

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Che-Hui Lien ◽  
Stephen W. Wang ◽  
Tien Wang ◽  
Weiwei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
City Image ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Event Image

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of three sources of social representation (i.e. direct experience of an event, the media and social interaction) on tourists’ formation of event image; to examine the effect of event image, satisfaction and city image on tourists’ revisit intentions to the host city; and to explore the mediating role of city image. Design/methodology/approach This study used the 28th Qingdao International Beer Festival (QIBF) as the case for verifying the relationships in the proposed model. The survey was conducted in Qingdao and 366 valid observations were collected. Structural equation modeling was used to validate the research model. Findings Event image is found to be significantly and positively influenced by direct experience of an event and social interaction. City image and satisfaction are important predictors of revisit intention. The meaning of event image is transferred to city image. City image plays a pivotal role in mediating the effect of event image and satisfaction on revisit intention to the host city. Research limitations/implications This study surveyed Chinese tourists attending QIBF in Qingdao and consequently the outcomes may lack generalizability. This research did not survey foreign tourists. Thus, the differences of attitudes and behaviors between Chinese and foreign tourists are not compared. Practical implications The outcomes provide insights into how a city manager can organize an event to enhance tourists’ intentions to revisit the city. Originality/value This study represents one of the few studies that use both social representation theory and the theory of brand image transfer in examining the influence of external social contexts on tourists’ formation of event image and investigates how the unique meaning of event activities is transferred to city image. In addition, the mediating role of city image is fully explored in this research.

A strategic tourism marketing framework for sports mega events: The case of Athens Classic (Authentic) Marathon

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481661989807
Author(s):  
Georgia Zouni ◽  
Popi Markogiannaki ◽  
Ioanna Georgaki
Keyword(s):  
Destination Image ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Mega Event ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intention To Revisit ◽  
Event Image

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between destination image, event image and satisfaction in the context of a mega event, the 34 Authentic Marathon of Athens (Greece). In particular, the present study investigates whether (a) the evaluation of the destination influences positively the level of satisfaction and intention to revisit the destination, (b) the evaluation of the event influences positively the level of satisfaction and intention to revisit the destination and (c) the level of satisfaction influences positively the intention to revisit the destination. A survey took place among sport tourists ( n = 241) during and after the end of the event. Results indicate that the evaluation of the event and of the destination is much related to the level of satisfaction. Moreover, the three variables (destination image, event image and satisfaction) are found to have a significant effect on the intention to revisit the destination.

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