scholarly journals Analysis of the invasion of water lilies (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms) in the Cointzio dam, Michoacán, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar R. Vera-Vargas ◽  
Jorge V. Prado-Hernández ◽  
Delfino Reyes-López ◽  
Fermin Pascual Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Upward Growth ◽  
Containment Strategy ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Sentinel 2

Objective: to analyze the growth dynamics of the water lily (Eichhornia crassipes)in the Cointzio dam due to the water availability.Design/Methodology/Approach: a monthly series of 45 Sentinel 2 and Landsatsatellite images were used, with which the percentage of invasion of the water lilyin the total area of the reservoir was calculated. The relative coverage of the lilywas analyzed looking for growth patterns over time, as well as the precipitationdata, total reservoir area over time, and water storage data for the 2010-2020period to broaden its context.Results: Three ascending and two descending patterns of the water lily coveragewere identified; a 15-month upward growth pattern with slight inland slope changes; decreasing patterns are associated with decreased water storage. Thelargest lily covers were found in critical storage stages during the 2010-2020period.Study limitations/implications: faced with climate change conditions, the fillingpattern of the dam could change, aggravating problems related to the water supply.Conclusions: containment/mitigation efforts have a reduced effect because the lilyeasily recovers the covered area, growing about 400% between October 2017 andJune 2018, therefore it is necessary to implement a containment strategy using thebiophysical interactions of the basin in conjunction with social, political, economicand governance interactions.

scholarly journals A universal growth limit for circular lichens

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (143) ◽  
pp. 20180063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Seminara ◽  
Joerg Fritz ◽  
Michael P. Brenner ◽  
Anne Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Limit ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Circular Disks ◽  
Lichen Growth

Lichens fix carbon dioxide from the air to build biomass. Crustose and foliose lichens grow as nearly flat, circular disks. Smaller individuals grow slowly, but with small, steady increases in radial growth rate over time. Larger individuals grow more quickly and with a roughly constant radial velocity maintained over the lifetime of the lichen. We translate the coffee drop effect to model lichen growth and demonstrate that growth patterns follow directly from the diffusion of carbon dioxide in the air around a lichen. When a lichen is small, carbon dioxide is fixed across its surface, and the entire thallus contributes to radial growth, but when a lichen is larger carbon dioxide is disproportionately fixed at the edges of an individual, which are the primary drivers of growth. Tests of the model against data suggest it provides an accurate, robust, and universal framework for understanding the growth dynamics of both large and small lichens in nature.

scholarly journals Estudio demográfico del lirio acuático Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms: Dinámica de crecimiento en dos localidades selectas de México

2017 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Martha S. Niño-Sulkowska ◽  
Antonio Lot
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Diverse Environment

The amount of information concerning the water-hyacinth grew in an explosive way during recent years due to its potential damaging or benefic effect on the environment, nevertheless the study of the population ecology of this plant has been neglected till now. In particular, the behavior of clonal populations in natural conditions. As a contribution to the understanding of the factors that regulate the structure of populations of Eichhomia crassipes in relation with its modular organization, we describe here the growth dynamics of the plants in two selected water bodies of Mexico. In contrast with the fast growth shown by populations living in euthrophicated environments, the production of growth units (ramets) by the plants is strongly limitated by an ecologicaly diverse environment but the phenotipic plasticity increases mainly in the vegetative and reproductive behavior.

Distinctive diel growth cycles in leaves and cladodes of CAM plants: differences from C3 plants and putative interactions with substrate availability, turgor and cytoplasmic pH

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liezel M. Gouws ◽  
C. Barry Osmond ◽  
Ulrich Schurr ◽  
Achim Walter
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Cytoplasmic Ph ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Cell Turgor

Distinct diel rhythms of leaf and cladode expansion growth were obtained in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants under water-limited conditions, with maxima at mid-day during phase III of CO2 assimilation. This pattern coincided with the availability of CO2 for photosynthesis and growth during the decarboxylation of malic acid, with maximum cell turgor due to the nocturnally accumulated malic acid, and with the period of low cytoplasmic pH associated with malic acid movement from vacuole to cytosol. Maximum growth rates were generally only 20% of those in C3 plants and were reached at a different time of the day compared with C3 plants. The results suggest that malic acid, as a source of carbohydrates, and a determinant of turgor and cytoplasmic pH, plays a major role in the control of diel growth dynamics in CAM plants under desert conditions. The observed plasticity in phasing of growth rhythms under situations of differing water availability suggests that a complex network of factors controls the diel growth patterns in CAM plants and needs to be investigated further.

scholarly journals A TIME-VARYING MARKOV-SWITCHING MODEL FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Morier ◽  
Vladimir Kühl Teles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Markov Switching ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Markov Switching Model ◽  
Investment Level ◽  
Stable Growth ◽  
Over Time

This paper investigates patterns of variation in economic growth across and within countries using a time-varying transition matrix Markov-switching approach. The model developed here explains the dynamics of growth based on a collection of different states that countries pass into and out of over time; in addition, these states are characterized by their own submodels and growth patterns. The transition matrix among the different states varies over time—depending on the conditioning variables of each country—with a linear dynamic for each state. We develop a generalization of Diebold's EM algorithm and estimate a sample model in a panel with a transition matrix conditioned on institutional quality and the investment level. We find three states of growth: stable growth, miraculous growth, and stagnation. The results show that institutional quality is an important determinant of long-term growth, whereas the investment level plays a variety of roles: it contributes positively in countries with high-quality institutions but is of little relevance in countries with medium- or low-quality institutions.

scholarly journals Developmental growth patterns of the filter-feeder pterosaur, Pterodaustro guiñazui

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chinsamy ◽  
L Codorniú ◽  
L Chiappe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Insight Into

Life-history parameters of pterosaurs such as growth and ontogenetic development represent an enigma. This aspect of pterosaur biology has remained perplexing because few pterosaur taxa are represented by complete ontogenetic series. Of these, Pterodaustro is unique in that besides being represented by hundreds of individuals with wing spans ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 m, it includes an embryo within an egg. Here we present a comprehensive osteohistological assessment of multiple skeletal elements of a range of ontogenetic sizes of Pterodaustro , and we provide unparalleled insight into its growth dynamics. We show that, upon hatching, Pterodaustro juveniles grew rapidly for approximately 2 years until they reached approximately 53% of their mature body size, whereupon they attained sexual maturity. Thereafter, growth continued for at least another 3–4 years at comparatively slower rates until larger adult body sizes were attained. Our analysis further provides definitive evidence that Pterodaustro had a determinate growth strategy.

Voxel based analysis of recurrence dynamics in intracranial aneurysms after coiling

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marielle Ernst ◽  
Anika Buchholz ◽  
Romain Bourcier ◽  
Hubert Desal ◽  
Pierre-Yves Le Floch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observation Interval ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Residual Flow ◽  
Tof Mra ◽  
Incomplete Occlusion

BackgroundUnderstanding aneurysm growth is critical for the appropriate follow-up of patients after coil embolization and the need for retreatment. The purpose of the study was to stratify the growth dynamics of aneurysm recurrences after coiling by volumetric analysis and to determine predictive factors for aneurysm recurrences.MethodsSource images of follow-up three-dimensional time of flight MR angiography (ToF-MRA) scans were compared with the first post-interventional ToF-MRA scan and analyzed for residual flow after co-registration using ANALYZE-software. In the event of incomplete occlusion, the residual volume was segmented and calculated. Growth dynamic was determined for each aneurysm after embolization.ResultsWe analyzed 326 patients with 345 aneurysms from two centers. Each case had at least two ToF-MRA examinations after endovascular therapy. The mean observation interval was 59 months. Volumetric analysis of 1139 follow-up MRAs revealed that 218/345 aneurysms (63.2%) showed complete occlusion on initial follow-up imaging, and of these 95.0% remained stable. A steady increase in intra-aneurysmal flow was observed in 83/345 (24.1%). Less frequent observations were a steep increase (21/345; 6.1%) and a decrease (27/345; 7.8%). Independent predictors of increasing residual flow were greatest aneurysm diameter, total coil length, and incomplete occlusion.ConclusionsVolumetric analysis of registered three-dimensional ToF-MRA follow-up datasets allows the detection of different growth patterns with high precision, avoids the low inter-rater reliability, and represents a promising approach for future studies that include analysis of more complex predictors of residual flow. In cases of aneurysm recurrence after coiling, the major pattern seems to be a steady increase in intra-aneurysmal flow over several months.

scholarly journals Water lily (Eichhornia crassipes) generation of electricity through photosynthesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Demetrio Castelán-Urquiza
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Metallic Foil ◽  
Anode Copper ◽  
The One ◽  
Plastic Containers

Generate electricity through the photosynthesis of the water lily; releasing electrons at their roots, to be collected by the anode (copper wire) and cathode (metallic foil) conductors, to transport them through copper conductors and be able to use them, in light energy, in a 3-volt led. Plastic containers on average have a higher voltage, compared to metal containers, on average they reached 0.747 volts, R6 was the one with the highest voltage production and the lowest 0.518 volts on average was R4. The voltage produced by metal containers, which did not reach the maximum values of plastic containers, the highest average is R7, with a voltage of 0.576 volts and the lowest of all averages is 0.216 volts R10, On 09/17/2019 at 4:45 PM, the highest average voltage of 7.11 volts was recorded.

scholarly journals Organotypic Co-Cultures as a Novel 3D Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Engelmann ◽  
Julia Thierauf ◽  
Natalia Koerich Laureano ◽  
Hans-Juergen Stark ◽  
Elena-Sophie Prigge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fractionated Irradiation ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Over Time

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are phenotypically and molecularly heterogeneous and frequently develop therapy resistance. Reliable patient-derived 3D tumor models are urgently needed to further study the complex pathogenesis of these tumors and to overcome treatment failure. Methods: We developed a three-dimensional organotypic co-culture (3D-OTC) model for HNSCC that maintains the architecture and cell composition of the individual tumor. A dermal equivalent (DE), composed of healthy human-derived fibroblasts and viscose fibers, served as a scaffold for the patient sample. DEs were co-cultivated with 13 vital HNSCC explants (non-human papillomavirus (HPV) driven, n = 7; HPV-driven, n = 6). Fractionated irradiation was applied to 5 samples (non-HPV-driven, n = 2; HPV-driven n = 3). To evaluate expression of ki-67, cleaved caspase-3, pan-cytokeratin, p16INK4a, CD45, ∝smooth muscle actin and vimentin over time, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were performed Patient checkup data were collected for up to 32 months after first diagnosis. Results: All non-HPV-driven 3D-OTCs encompassed proliferative cancer cells during cultivation for up to 21 days. Proliferation indices of primaries and 3D-OTCs were comparable and consistent over time. Overall, tumor explants displayed heterogeneous growth patterns (i.e., invasive, expansive, silent). Cancer-associated fibroblasts and leukocytes could be detected for up to 21 days. HPV DNA was detectable in both primary and 3D-OTCs (day 14) of HPV-driven tumors. However, p16INK4a expression levels were varying. Morphological alterations and radioresistant tumor cells were detected in 3D-OTC after fractionated irradiation in HPV-driven and non-driven samples. Conclusions: Our 3D-OTC model for HNSCC supports cancer cell survival and proliferation in their original microenvironment. The model enables investigation of invasive cancer growth and might, in the future, serve as a platform to perform sensitivity testing upon treatment to predict therapy response.

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