scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Dairy Cattle Breeding in Different Regions of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability

Despite the goals and guidelines of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Foodstuffs, adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation, dairy cattle breeding continue to decline. This is largely the result of a long production cycle in the industry, the difficulties with obtaining loans, the underdevelopment of the material and technical base of livestock and fodder production. Consequently, the sustainability of milk production in most regions remains low, although there are certain differences. To substantiate effective ways to develop dairy cattle breeding and increase its sustainability, it is necessary to highlight these regional differences, to determine the indicators for assessing the level and dynamics of the sustainability of production. For this purpose, statistical methods such as the method of statistical summary and grouping, the comparison method, the correlation analysis method, the cluster analysis method were used. It is proposed to methodically separate two concepts - the stability of the state and the sustainability of development. The first of these is proposed to be estimated by such an indicator as the coefficient of variation, the second by indicators - using the Spearman coefficient or the correlation index. In this article, the indicator of the stability of the state by the main factor for dairy cattle breeding has been determined - the yield of fodder crops by regions of the Central Federal District. As a result of the grouping in terms of the coefficient of variation in yields of cereal crops, which are the basis of the ration diet, the following regularity was obtained for the regions of the Central Federal District: the higher the yield of grain crops (in the regions of the Central Black Earth Region), the higher the production risk and the lower the production stability. This fact can serve as a justification for the need for more active implementation of anti-risk adaptive measures in dairy cattle farming in these regions, and also as a basis for providing appropriate measures to state policies to stimulate the development of the industry.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BREEDS IN DAIRY PEDIGREE LIVESTOCK FARMING OF SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(16) (2) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
A. A. Deshevykh
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
The Russian Federation

The analysis of the dairy animals breeding annual valuation results allowed to identify the main directions of selection and breeding work and the main breeds improving trends of cattle in the southern Federal district of the Russian Federation. The growth of productive characteristics and safety of livestock in pedigree reproducers and breeding studs was noted. The rates of changes in genetic and parametric characteristics of breeds over a nine-year period are shown. The study of breeds based on a complex of economically useful features allowed to conclude that the breed diversity in dairy cattle breeding in Russia is currently a competitive advantage of the industry.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF CATTLE BY PREVENTING COPPER DEFICIENCY IN THE BODY

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
N.I. Erokhina ◽  
L.A. Zernaeva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the dairy cattle breeding of the Russian Federation, there are unresolved problems associated with the reproduction of the herd, which significantly affect the economic component of this subsector of animal husbandry. One of the factors causing impaired reproductive function in animals is the lack of copper in the body. The presented materials indicate the importance of the prevention of copper deficiency in animals and further research in the field of the biological effect of this microelement on reproductive function.

scholarly journals Indicators of genomic evaluation of heifers using European criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00257
Author(s):  
Inna Uskova ◽  
Baluash Traisov ◽  
Murat Baimishev ◽  
Khamidulla Baimishev ◽  
Alexey Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Genomic Evaluation ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the study is improvement of productive and reproductive indices of Holstein animals used in the Russian Federation due to their genomic evaluation using European criteria for this breed. The material for the research was repair heifers in the amount of 20 heads belonging to JSC “Niva” of the Stavropol region of Samara region. The genomic estimation of heifers was carried out in France in order to reveal the degree of the forecast’ reliability of productive, reproductive qualities of heifers. The material for genomic evaluation was taken from the animal’s auricle by puncture. The genomic evaluation revealed that not all heifers correspond to the expected characteristics of their parents’ phenotypic features. The fat and protein content of the milk was positive for all heifers, while the milk content of 7 heifers was negatively correlated. According to the results of genomic evaluation, 3 heifers are classified as excellent, 3 as moderate and 4 as weak heifers. The conducted researches on genomic evaluation of heifers in “Niva” JSC indicate the prospects of its use in selection and breeding work, as further accelerated increase in the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding without the use of progressive methods of evaluation of repair young animals will not allow to increase the productive, native and qualitative parameters of dairy productivity of cows in a short period of time. At present 17 out of 20 genome-appraised heifers have confirmed the results of the conducted researches.

scholarly journals Ecological-Epizootic Features, Therapy and Prevention of Cattle Dictyocaulosis in the Farms of the Dairy Specialization of Vologda Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A.L. Kryazhev ◽  
V.F. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Vologda Oblast ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Summer Grazing

The purpose of the research - cattle dictyocaulosis studying under the conditions of dairy cattle breeding in Vologda oblast. Materials and methods. In 2006-2015, the main issues of the dictyocaulosis epizootology have been studied, and measures for effective therapy and prevention have been developed. Results and discussion. Infestation with dictyocaulus in different climatic and geographical zones of the oblast is dissimilar. The greatest infestation was noted in the northwest zone, and the lowest in the southwest one. A parasitizing of Dictyocaulus viviparus was found out. Infestation of animals occurs in the summer grazing season. Prevalence reaches maximum in September (82.4%) under the infection intensity, on average, 150.7 ± 8.8 units per animal. Dictyocaulus larvae were first found in feces in the second decade of June. The most infected are animals 1-2 years old. Preparations helmicide and fesol are the most effective for dehelminthization against dictyocaulus. Given the foregoing, measures for the therapy and prevention of cattle dictyocaulosis in the non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation have been developed.

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: реалии и перспективы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. DUNIN ◽  
S.E. TYAPUGIN ◽  
R.K. MESHCHEROV ◽  
V.P. HODYKOV ◽  
V.K. ADZHIBEKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития мясного скотоводства в Российской Федерации. Проведен мониторинг численности поголовья, породного состава и продуктивности мясного крупного рогатого скота во всех категориях хозяйств, изучены масштабы и объемы бонитировки скота за 20102018 годы. По данным Минсельхоза России, в 2018 году поголовье крупного рогатого скота в стране составило более 18 млн голов, в том числе численность животных специализированных мясных пород во всех категориях хозяйств достигла 2,26 млн голов. Комплексная оценка 711,16 тыс. голов, или 34,1 от общей численности мясного скота, в том числе 389,8 тыс. коров, принадлежащих к 15 породам и типам, разводимым в 57 регионах Российской Федерации показала, что наибольшее подконтрольное поголовье имеют абердин ангусская порода (417545 гол.), калмыцкая (137262 гол.), герефордская (87278 гол.) и казахская белоголовая породы (52563 гол.). Все подконтрольное поголовье животных является чистопородным и IV поколения, в том числе 99,7 быков-производителей и 99,3 коров. Анализ живой массы пробонитированного поголовья выявил тенденцию к ее повышению у коров всех возрастов в среднем на 54 кг, быков производителей на 39 кг, или на 16,7 и 5,2 за последние 9 лет, соответственно. Живая масса коров по итогам 2018 года в среднем составила 546 кг, быков-производителей 791 кг. По состоянию на 1.01.2019 года, племенная база мясного скотоводства страны представлена 270 племенными стадами, в том числе 46 племенными заводами и 224 племенными репродукторами. В 2018 году в различные категории хозяйств из племенных предприятий было продано 35517 голов племенного молодняка, в том числе 6388 ремонтных бычка с классами элита и элита-рекорд (85,3). В 2018 году было продано племенного молодняка в расчете на 100 коров галловейской породы 33,0 головы, казахской белоголовой 29,1 герефордской 28,0 калмыцкой 22,2 лимузинской 15,5 абердин ангусской 8,8 русской комолой 8,2 и симментальской мясной 4,7 голов. На основании мониторинга состояния мясного скотоводства страны за 20102018 годы были намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития.The article considers the state and prospects of development of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation. The number of livestock, breed composition and productivity of beef cattle in all categories of farms was monitored, the scale and volumes of bonding of cattle for the studied 9-year period (20102018) were studied. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, in 2018 the number of cattle in the country amounted to more than 18 million heads, including the number of cattle of specialized meat breeds in all categories of farms reached 2.26 million heads. A comprehensive assessment of the number of livestock in the amount of 711.16 thousand animals or 34.1 of the total number of beef cattle, including: cows 389.8 thousand heads belonging to 15 breeds and types bred in 57 regions of the Russian Federation, showed that the largest controlled livestock are: Aberdeen Angus breed 417545 animals, Kalmyk 1372726 animals, Hereford 87278 animals and Kazakh white-headed breed 52563 animals. Almost all of the controlled livestock of animals is purebred and IV generation, including: respectively 99.7 of bulls producers and 99.3 of cows. The analysis of live mass of a livestock revealed a tendency to its increase at cows of all age on average on 54 kg, bulls on 39 kgor for 16.7 and 5.2 for the last 9 years respectively. The live mass of cows following the results of 2018 averaged 546 kg, bulls 791 kg. As of January 1, 2019, the breeding base of beef cattle breeding in the country is represented by 270 breeding herds, including: 46 breeding plants and 224 breeding reproducers. In 2018, 35,517 heads of pedigree young animals were sold to various categories of farms from pedigree enterprises, including 6,388 repair bulls with elite classes and an elite record record for appraisal (85.3). An analysis of the sales volume of pedigree young animals in the context of farmed meat breeds showed that in 2018 pedigree young animals per 100 cows were sold in the country: Galloveian breed 33.0 goals, Kazakh white-headed 29.1 goals, Hereford 28, 0 goals., Kalmyk 22.2 goals., Limousin 15.5 goals., Aberdeen Angus 8.8 goals, Russian kolola 8.2 and Simmental meat 4.7 goals. Based on the monitoring of the state of beef cattle breeding in the country for the study period (20102018), prospects for further development were outlined.

CONSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY DETERMINATION AS A LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY TYPE: ON THE ISSUE STATEMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
N.E. Sadokhina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
The Stability

The relevance of the research topic is due to the uncertainty of the provision of constitutional responsibility in the system of legal responsibility types. The study purpose is to the legal nature analysis of constitutional and legal responsibility, allowing it to be viewed as a form of legal responsibility. The conducted research is based on general scientific analysis methods, deduction, and also private law – the formal legal method. So, on the basis of the analysis of the current legislation and law-enforcement practice, we conclude that the political and legal nature of constitutional responsibility is special. On the one hand, it is a form of legal responsibility and is applied to subjects of constitutional responsibility in cases provided for by constitutional norms. On the other hand, it helps to regulate relations that arise in the sphere of public administration, ensure the stability of the functioning of the state apparatus. It is established that this feature explains also the fact that constitutional responsibility can occur not only in case of an offense, but also in case of lawful behavior. It is determined that for consideration of the constitutional responsibility as a special kind of legal responsibility it is necessary to introduce a special procedural order of calling to account, including in particular the procedure for appealing the dissolution of the State Duma, giving the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation the powers to consider such cases. And it is also necessary to fix a list of circumstances that may form the basis for a decision on mistrust in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made that these legislative changes will underline the specificity of constitutional and legal responsibility and leave no doubt about its status as a kind of legal responsibility.

scholarly journals Scientific support and advanced research in dairy farming in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Tatiana Marinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Products

Increasing the output of agricultural products and improving their quality is one of the most important tasks of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation. The solution to this problem is impossible without the introduction of up-to-date technologies that ensure the competitiveness and output growth, which are the result of scientific research and development. The basis for increasing the efficiency of dairy farming and, as a consequence, increasing milk production is the genetic improvement of the breeding base. The organization of selection and breeding work based on the use of our own genetic resources is a strategic task of the industry, which allows increasing the output of livestock products, reducing the technological import dependence of animal husbandry and minimizing the risk of the introduction of infectious diseases into the country. At the same time, the breeding base of dairy cattle breeding is on average 13.8% of the total livestock in the Russian Federation. The breeding progress is ensured by agricultural organizations, in which less than half of the total head of cows is concentrated. They are also the main consumers of research and development results. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the industry and its scientific potential, as well as formulate proposals for improving scientific support to create conditions for solving the tasks set by the state.

scholarly journals Parliamentary control in the spheres of spirituality and culture: security aspec

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
I. KORZH
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development

This article examines the issue of the effectiveness and quality of the implementation of parliamentary control in the spheres of spirituality and culture, as an aspect of ensuring national security in the modern conditions of the hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. It is noted that parliamentary control in Ukraine is extremely insufficient and rather contradictory, which does not yet allow to talk about the stability of parliamentary control as such, about its proper scientific understanding and legal consolidation in modern conditions, especially in the context of the hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. It was stated that social changes caused by globalization processes affect the state of ensuring national security in such spheres as culture and spirituality. Currently, this issue has not been studied enough, and therefore needs further development. It was noted that in the field of culture, certain positive changes in the implementation of state (parliamentary) control have been achieved in recent years. However, in the sphere of spirituality (spiritual culture) and in the related religious sphere, as a result of the ideological sabotage and special informational operations carried out by the Russian Federation, a spiritual crisis has actually been generated in Ukraine, the resolution of which is an urgent task of the state power. Parliamentary control in these areas, which should be carried out through the prism of national security, is virtually absent. A number of proposals have been worked out, which are advisable to be introduced into the process of exercising parliamentary control over the aforementioned spheres.

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