scholarly journals IMPROVING THE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF CATTLE BY PREVENTING COPPER DEFICIENCY IN THE BODY

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
N.I. Erokhina ◽  
L.A. Zernaeva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the dairy cattle breeding of the Russian Federation, there are unresolved problems associated with the reproduction of the herd, which significantly affect the economic component of this subsector of animal husbandry. One of the factors causing impaired reproductive function in animals is the lack of copper in the body. The presented materials indicate the importance of the prevention of copper deficiency in animals and further research in the field of the biological effect of this microelement on reproductive function.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BREEDS IN DAIRY PEDIGREE LIVESTOCK FARMING OF SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(16) (2) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
A. A. Deshevykh
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
The Russian Federation

The analysis of the dairy animals breeding annual valuation results allowed to identify the main directions of selection and breeding work and the main breeds improving trends of cattle in the southern Federal district of the Russian Federation. The growth of productive characteristics and safety of livestock in pedigree reproducers and breeding studs was noted. The rates of changes in genetic and parametric characteristics of breeds over a nine-year period are shown. The study of breeds based on a complex of economically useful features allowed to conclude that the breed diversity in dairy cattle breeding in Russia is currently a competitive advantage of the industry.

scholarly journals Indicators of genomic evaluation of heifers using European criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00257
Author(s):  
Inna Uskova ◽  
Baluash Traisov ◽  
Murat Baimishev ◽  
Khamidulla Baimishev ◽  
Alexey Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Genomic Evaluation ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the study is improvement of productive and reproductive indices of Holstein animals used in the Russian Federation due to their genomic evaluation using European criteria for this breed. The material for the research was repair heifers in the amount of 20 heads belonging to JSC “Niva” of the Stavropol region of Samara region. The genomic estimation of heifers was carried out in France in order to reveal the degree of the forecast’ reliability of productive, reproductive qualities of heifers. The material for genomic evaluation was taken from the animal’s auricle by puncture. The genomic evaluation revealed that not all heifers correspond to the expected characteristics of their parents’ phenotypic features. The fat and protein content of the milk was positive for all heifers, while the milk content of 7 heifers was negatively correlated. According to the results of genomic evaluation, 3 heifers are classified as excellent, 3 as moderate and 4 as weak heifers. The conducted researches on genomic evaluation of heifers in “Niva” JSC indicate the prospects of its use in selection and breeding work, as further accelerated increase in the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding without the use of progressive methods of evaluation of repair young animals will not allow to increase the productive, native and qualitative parameters of dairy productivity of cows in a short period of time. At present 17 out of 20 genome-appraised heifers have confirmed the results of the conducted researches.

scholarly journals Ecological-Epizootic Features, Therapy and Prevention of Cattle Dictyocaulosis in the Farms of the Dairy Specialization of Vologda Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A.L. Kryazhev ◽  
V.F. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Vologda Oblast ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Summer Grazing

The purpose of the research - cattle dictyocaulosis studying under the conditions of dairy cattle breeding in Vologda oblast. Materials and methods. In 2006-2015, the main issues of the dictyocaulosis epizootology have been studied, and measures for effective therapy and prevention have been developed. Results and discussion. Infestation with dictyocaulus in different climatic and geographical zones of the oblast is dissimilar. The greatest infestation was noted in the northwest zone, and the lowest in the southwest one. A parasitizing of Dictyocaulus viviparus was found out. Infestation of animals occurs in the summer grazing season. Prevalence reaches maximum in September (82.4%) under the infection intensity, on average, 150.7 ± 8.8 units per animal. Dictyocaulus larvae were first found in feces in the second decade of June. The most infected are animals 1-2 years old. Preparations helmicide and fesol are the most effective for dehelminthization against dictyocaulus. Given the foregoing, measures for the therapy and prevention of cattle dictyocaulosis in the non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation have been developed.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Dairy Cattle Breeding in Different Regions of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability

Despite the goals and guidelines of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Foodstuffs, adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation, dairy cattle breeding continue to decline. This is largely the result of a long production cycle in the industry, the difficulties with obtaining loans, the underdevelopment of the material and technical base of livestock and fodder production. Consequently, the sustainability of milk production in most regions remains low, although there are certain differences. To substantiate effective ways to develop dairy cattle breeding and increase its sustainability, it is necessary to highlight these regional differences, to determine the indicators for assessing the level and dynamics of the sustainability of production. For this purpose, statistical methods such as the method of statistical summary and grouping, the comparison method, the correlation analysis method, the cluster analysis method were used. It is proposed to methodically separate two concepts - the stability of the state and the sustainability of development. The first of these is proposed to be estimated by such an indicator as the coefficient of variation, the second by indicators - using the Spearman coefficient or the correlation index. In this article, the indicator of the stability of the state by the main factor for dairy cattle breeding has been determined - the yield of fodder crops by regions of the Central Federal District. As a result of the grouping in terms of the coefficient of variation in yields of cereal crops, which are the basis of the ration diet, the following regularity was obtained for the regions of the Central Federal District: the higher the yield of grain crops (in the regions of the Central Black Earth Region), the higher the production risk and the lower the production stability. This fact can serve as a justification for the need for more active implementation of anti-risk adaptive measures in dairy cattle farming in these regions, and also as a basis for providing appropriate measures to state policies to stimulate the development of the industry.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effectiveness of dairy cattle breeding in the Republic of Belarus based on statistical and eco-nomic research method

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
N. F. Korsun ◽  
M. M. Kondrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Dairy cattle breeding occupies a leading position among the livestock breeding sectors of Belarus, in which more than half of the fixed assets are concentrated, more than 50% of labor resources are occupied and more than 30% of feed resources are consumed, which creates conditions for its accelerated development along the intensifica-tion path. The purpose of the article is to determine the main factors and directions of increasing the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding in agricultural organizations in Belarus. Results. The redistribution of costs between supporting and productive feed in the direction of increasing the lat-ter as the most effective form of saving in animal husbandry is considered. It is proved that the further development of dairy cattle breeding should be carried out by improving breeding and tribal work to create a competitive Belarusian dairy cow. It is proved that the problem of the competitiveness of dairy products is the labor input, the main reasons for which are highlighted. An economic grouping was constructed according to the annual reporting data for 2017 for 190 agricultural organizations of the Brest region with developed dairy cattle breeding, where the profitability of milk sales was chosen as a grouping attribute. Conclusions. The analysis of the results showed that a high profitability of milk sales is achieved due to the greater density of the population, a higher average annual milk yield. The increase in the profitability of milk sales is accompanied by a decrease in feed consumption while increasing the consumption of concentrated feed per 1 centner of milk. To increase the profitability of the sold products and the productivity of cattle in the dairy sector, it is necessary to provide the animals with full and high-quality feeds of their own production, and to significantly increase the propor-tion of concentrated feeds in the diet. Efficient management of the dairy industry is only possible using intensive cattle production technology. Ways of increasing the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding are proposed. Key words: efficiency, optimization, balance, resource saving, genetic potential, newest technologies.

scholarly journals Scientific support and advanced research in dairy farming in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Tatiana Marinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Products

Increasing the output of agricultural products and improving their quality is one of the most important tasks of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation. The solution to this problem is impossible without the introduction of up-to-date technologies that ensure the competitiveness and output growth, which are the result of scientific research and development. The basis for increasing the efficiency of dairy farming and, as a consequence, increasing milk production is the genetic improvement of the breeding base. The organization of selection and breeding work based on the use of our own genetic resources is a strategic task of the industry, which allows increasing the output of livestock products, reducing the technological import dependence of animal husbandry and minimizing the risk of the introduction of infectious diseases into the country. At the same time, the breeding base of dairy cattle breeding is on average 13.8% of the total livestock in the Russian Federation. The breeding progress is ensured by agricultural organizations, in which less than half of the total head of cows is concentrated. They are also the main consumers of research and development results. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the industry and its scientific potential, as well as formulate proposals for improving scientific support to create conditions for solving the tasks set by the state.

scholarly journals THE STATE AND FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIVESTOCK INDUSTRIES IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Ilgizar Gaynutdinov ◽  
Farit Mukhametgaliev ◽  
Fayaz Avhadiev
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
The State ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The state and level of development of livestock industries depend on internal (availability of basic production funds, material and labor resources, the level of technological and technical support, etc.) and external factors (the state of the country's economy, fluctuations in market conditions, the solvency of the population, natural resources, economic and political stability, etc.). The effectiveness of livestock industries and the level of their development are determined by a favorable combination of internal and external factors, with their rational use. The research aims to study and analyze the state and level of development of animal husbandry industries in the Russian Federation and abroad, with further identification of areas for improving efficiency and developing recommendations for their further development. As of 2019, compared to the pre-reform period (1990), the number of livestock of agricultural animals in the Russian Federation has sharply decreased: cattle (cattle) - by 3 times, including cows-by 2.6 times, pigs-by 1.5 times, sheep and goats-by 2.6 times. This led to a decrease in the density of livestock per 100 hectares of agricultural land, which reduces the efficiency of land use, including hayfields and pastures. On the territories of the Russian Federation, there are quite a lot of natural forage lands, which, with reasonable specialization and territorial placement of livestock industries, can increase the efficiency of their use. The lack of a unified policy to improve the sustainability of agroecological systems and their effective use in the country does not allow us to reach the pre-reform level of livestock production. For the period from 2010 to 2019, beef production decreased by 6.7%, and milk production by 0.5 %. For meat and meat products, the actual production volumes are above the established threshold of food security, and for milk and dairy products, this level has not yet been reached. So, by 2019, taking into account reserves, the share of domestic production was 83.1 % (with a threshold value of 90 %), and the share of imports was 16.9 %. All this dictates the need to study internal and external factors affecting the development of livestock industries, identify internal reserves and, on this basis, increase production volumes, and ensure competitiveness in the foreign market. In the world market of livestock production, the leading positions are occupied by such industrialized countries as the United States, Canada, Northern Europe, Australia, New Zealand. The analysis of the state of development of animal husbandry in these countries allows us to conclude that the growth of livestock production and livestock productivity was promoted by taking into account and combining internal and external factors - the use of industrial industrial technologies (dairy cattle breeding), taking into account natural factors (meat cattle breeding). The use of cheap sources of natural forage land and climatic conditions that allow for the production of livestock products in some of these countries (Australia, New Zealand, some US states) without the construction of capital livestock buildings makes it possible to obtain cheap, high-quality and competitive products. Taking into account the experience of foreign countries, taking into account the possibilities of agroecological systems, it is necessary to choose the right specialization of livestock industries and on this basis to increase the production volumes and efficiency of livestock products

TO THE QUESTION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF BREEDING RESOURCES IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
И.Н. ЯНЧУКОВ ◽  
А.Н. ЕРМИЛОВ ◽  
А.А. ЕРМИЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

Для решения поставленных перед молочным скотоводством задач АО «Московское» по племенной работе» на базе своего обособленного подразделения образовало Сслекционно-репродуктивный центр (СРЦ) «Мосплемэлита» с целью воспроизводства племенного материала мирового класса, а также животных редкой генеалогической принадлежности в условиях нашей страны через использование метода трансплантации эмбрионов. Для его эффективного функционирования на аукционах в Европе были закуплены доноры и реципиенты, не вакцинированные против инфекционного ринотрахеита, вирусной диареи и ряда других болезней и имеющие высокие племенные оценки. Доноры осеменялись спермой выдающихся производителей (1—3 рейтинг в стране происхождения) и быков-улучшателей редкой генеалогической принадлежности. Часть доноров (n=17) после накопления от них установленного запаса эмбрионов отелились и закончили 1 лактацию. В среднем за 305 дней их удой составил 12062 кг, при содержании жира 4,35% и белка — 3,49%. Оценка типа телосложения оказалась равной 86,71 балла, что соответствует категории «отлично». Перерасчет молочной продуктивности коров-доноров по методике, принятой в США (за 365 дней полновозрастной лактации), показал, что в среднем продуктивность этих животных достигнет 18766 кг молока с содержанием жира 4,41% и белка 3,52%. Приведенные параметры значительно выше «Генетического базиса» США (12733 кг — 3,84% — 3,10%) и показателей, установленных «Планом селекционно-племенной работы с крупным рогатым скотом АО «Московское» по племенной работе» на период до 2025 года» для коров селекционной группы «матери быков» (за наивысшую лактацию 14000 кг, 4,40%, 3,40% и 85 баллов за тип телосложения). Воспроизведенные в условиях СРЦ «Мосплемэлита» бычки имели характеристики в том числе по геному (оценка ВИЖ им. Л.К. Эрнста) значительно выше (по продуктивности матерей на 15%, оценке отцов на 111% и геномной оценке пробандов на 61%) аналогичных параметров ремонтных животных, закупленных предприятием на аукционах в Европе в 2020 году по цене 20,0 тыс. евро и выше. Полученные результаты позволяют утверждать, что в условиях нашей страны вполне возможно воспроизводство конкурентоспособного племенного материала. To solve the tasks set for dairy cattle breeding, JSC "Moskovskoye" for breeding work"on the basis of its separate subdivision formed the Breeding and Reproductive Center (BRC) "Mosplemelita" in order to reproduce world-class breeding material, as well as animals of rare genealogical affiliation in our country through using the method of embryo transplantation. For its effective functioning, donors and recipients who had not been vaccinated against infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea and a number of other diseases and had high breeding scores were purchased at auctions in Europe. Donors were inseminated with sperm of outstanding producers (1—3 rating in the country of origin) and improver bulls of rare genealogical affiliation. Some donors (n=17), after accumulating an established stock of embryos from them, calved ansrcd completed 1 lactation. On average, for 305 days, their milk yield was 12062 kg, with a fat content of 4.35% and protein — 3.49%. The body type score was 86.71 points, which corresponds to the "excellent" category. Recalculation of the milk productivity of donor cows according to the method adopted in the USA (for 365 days of full-age lactation) showed that the average productivity of these animals will reach 18766 kg of milk with a fat content of 4.41% and a protein content of 3.52%. The above parameters are significantly higher than the "Genetic basis" of the United States (12,733 kg — 3.84% — 3.10%) and the indicators established by the "Plan for selection and breeding work with cattle of JSC" Moskovskoye "for breeding work" for the period up to 2025 "For cows of the selection group" mother of bulls "(for the highest lactation 14000 kg, 4.40%, 3.40% and 85 points for the body type). The gobies reproduced in the conditions of the Mosplemelita SEC had characteristics in terms of genome (assessment of the L.K. Ernst VIZH) significantly higher (in terms of maternal productivity by 15%, assessment of fathers by 111% and genomic assessment of probands by 61%) similar parameters of repair animals purchased by the company at auctions in Europe in 2020 at a price of 20.0 thousand euros and more. The results obtained make it possible to assert that in the conditions of our country it is quite possible to reproduce competitive breeding material.

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