scholarly journals Designer behaviour and activity: an industrial observation method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cash ◽  
Ben Hicks ◽  
Steve Culley ◽  
Filippo A. Salustri
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Design

The relationship between laboratory based study and the actual practice of engineering design is very important. For research activity, laboratory based studies have an important role. The problem is the difficulty of relating laboratory study to practice, it is thus important to fully understand this relationship. To address this, an observational method is proposed that focuses on characterizing the activities and behaviors of designers in practice. The method has been developed to provide rich context, whilst avoiding information overload. The proposed method is then critically discussed with respect to the issues particularly affecting empirical design research, such as contextualization, validity and repeatability. Finally, the paper highlights the potential importance and impact of the method for developing the relationship between practice and laboratory based experiments.

scholarly journals Designer behaviour and activity: an industrial observation method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cash ◽  
Ben Hicks ◽  
Steve Culley ◽  
Filippo A. Salustri
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Design

The relationship between laboratory based study and the actual practice of engineering design is very important. For research activity, laboratory based studies have an important role. The problem is the difficulty of relating laboratory study to practice, it is thus important to fully understand this relationship. To address this, an observational method is proposed that focuses on characterizing the activities and behaviors of designers in practice. The method has been developed to provide rich context, whilst avoiding information overload. The proposed method is then critically discussed with respect to the issues particularly affecting empirical design research, such as contextualization, validity and repeatability. Finally, the paper highlights the potential importance and impact of the method for developing the relationship between practice and laboratory based experiments.

The Roles of Features and Abstraction in Mechanical Design

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy E. Taylor ◽  
Mark R. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Product Modeling ◽  
Product Models ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Unique Framework ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper describes the roles of features and abstraction mechanisms in the mechanical design process, mechanical designs, and product models of mechanical designs. It also describes the relationship between functions and features in mechanical design. It is our experience that many research efforts exist in the areas of design and product modeling and, further, that these efforts must be cataloged and compared. To this end, this paper culminates with the presentation of a multi-dimensional abstraction space which provides a unique framework for (a) comparing mechanical engineering design research efforts, (b) relating conceptual objects used in the life cycle of mechanical products, and (c) defining a product modeling space.

The Relationship Between Design Outcomes and Mental States During Ideation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Lin Hu ◽  
Joran W. Booth ◽  
Tahira Reid
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Cognitive Workload ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
The Relationship

Using electroencephalography (EEG) to predict design outcomes could be used in many applications as it facilitates the correlation of engagement and cognitive workload with ideation effectiveness. It also establishes a basis for the connection between EEG measurements and common constructs in engineering design research. In this paper, we propose a support vector machine (SVM)-based prediction model for design outcomes using EEG metrics and some demographic factors as predictors. We trained and validated the model with more than 100 concepts, and then evaluated the relationship between EEG data and concept-level measures of novelty, quality, and elaboration. The results characterize the combination of engagement and workload that is correlated with good design outcomes. Findings also suggest that EEG technologies can be used to partially replace or augment traditional ideation metrics and to improve the efficacy of ideation research.

scholarly journals TOWARDS A DEBATE ON THE POSITIONING OF ENGINEERING DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3169-3178
Author(s):  
Chris McMahon ◽  
Claudia Eckert ◽  
Georges Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper is an invitation to a debate on the positioning of engineering design as a field of research. The paper lists a multiplicity of interpretations of design, questioning whether they are sufficient to describe engineering design in all its variety. Following a critical analysis of attempts to describe design's unique characteristics, and observations on the nature of design made from outside of the design research community, it presents a list of situations of design that the authors have observed in engineering practice, describing especially the relationship between design, technology and society. The paper then explores what these situations imply about the questions researchers should ask about the nature of design knowledge and expertise, and examines how the different situations might be categorised, before exploring the positioning of engineering design research with respect to other academic disciplines, in particular management and the human and earth sciences. The paper concludes with a call to a debate on the nature of engineering design with the aim to define this field more clearly to ourselves and to others.

An Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Graphene doped CNTs /TiO2 Nanofluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zetty Akhtar ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

This paper presents the findings of the stability, thermal conductivity and viscosity of CNTs (doped with 10 wt% graphene)- TiO2 hybrid nanofluids under various concentrations. While the usage of cutting fluid in machining operation is necessary for removing the heat generated at the cutting zone, the excessive use of it could lead to environmental and health issue to the operators. Therefore, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) to replace the conventional flooding was introduced. The MQL method minimises the usage of cutting fluid as a step to achieve a cleaner environment and sustainable machining. However, the low thermal conductivity of the base fluid in the MQL system caused the insufficient removal of heat generated in the cutting zone. Addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid was then introduced to enhance the performance of cutting fluids. The ethylene glycol used as the base fluid, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticle mixed to produce nanofluids with concentrations of 0.02 to 0.1 wt.% with an interval of 0.02 wt%. The mixing ratio of TiO2: CNTs was 90:10 and ratio of SDBS (surfactant): CNTs was 10:1. The stability of nanofluid checked using observation method and zeta potential analysis. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of suspension were measured at a temperature range between 30˚C to 70˚C (with increment of 10˚C) to determine the relationship between concentration and temperature on nanofluid’s thermal physical properties. Based on the results obtained, zeta potential value for nanofluid range from -50 to -70 mV indicates a good stability of the suspension. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases as an increase of temperature and enhancement ratio is within the range of 1.51 to 4.53 compared to the base fluid. Meanwhile, the viscosity of nanofluid shows decrements with an increase of the temperature remarks significant advantage in pumping power. The developed nanofluid in this study found to be stable with enhanced thermal conductivity and decrease in viscosity, which at once make it possible to be use as nanolubricant in machining operation.

scholarly journals Antecedents and Consequences of Digital Shadow Work in Mobile Shopping Apps Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7697
Author(s):  
Sung Yul Ryoo ◽  
Sang Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Mobile Shopping ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Digital Shadow ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
System Feature

Shadow work continues to witness a significant uptick in the context of mobile shopping. Therefore, we question whether shadow work perceived by mobile shoppers may become a bigger problem, create fatigue for mobile shoppers, and lead them to discontinue the use of mobile shopping apps. This study examines the relationship between shadow work and the discontinuance of mobile shopping apps. Data from a total of 266 completed surveys were collected by a market research firm. We adopted partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess both the measurement and structural components of the model. The results show that both information overload and system feature overload positively influence individuals’ shadow work. This study explores the concept of shadow work in the context of mobile shopping apps. Specifically, the study developed the relationships between the antecedents and consequences of shadow work in the mobile shopping context. The main contribution of our study is that it introduces an integrative model of shadow work in the mobile shopping context, highlighting the importance of shadow work.

The relationship of self-acceptance with decision making duration in cancer patient to perform mastectomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ayu Ratuati Setiawan ◽  
Feny Tunjungsari ◽  
Mochamad Aleq Sander
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Self Acceptance ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body cells that turn malignant and continue to grow uncontrollably. One of the treatments for breast cancer is mastectomy. The quickness of decision-making determines the survival rate of prognosis patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship of self-acceptance with decision-making duration in cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. METHODS: An analytic observation method with cross-sectional design. The samples were taken by purposive sampling method with 50 samples of breast cancer patients. Data collected include age, last level of education, marital status, profession, stage of cancer during mastectomy, self-acceptance score, and decision-making duration to perform a mastectomy. RESULTS: The data analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test. The test showed the relationship of self-acceptance (p = 0.027) with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. CONCLUSION: In Conclusion, there is a relationship of self-acceptance with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy.

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