scholarly journals TOWARDS A DEBATE ON THE POSITIONING OF ENGINEERING DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3169-3178
Author(s):  
Chris McMahon ◽  
Claudia Eckert ◽  
Georges Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper is an invitation to a debate on the positioning of engineering design as a field of research. The paper lists a multiplicity of interpretations of design, questioning whether they are sufficient to describe engineering design in all its variety. Following a critical analysis of attempts to describe design's unique characteristics, and observations on the nature of design made from outside of the design research community, it presents a list of situations of design that the authors have observed in engineering practice, describing especially the relationship between design, technology and society. The paper then explores what these situations imply about the questions researchers should ask about the nature of design knowledge and expertise, and examines how the different situations might be categorised, before exploring the positioning of engineering design research with respect to other academic disciplines, in particular management and the human and earth sciences. The paper concludes with a call to a debate on the nature of engineering design with the aim to define this field more clearly to ourselves and to others.

The Roles of Features and Abstraction in Mechanical Design

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy E. Taylor ◽  
Mark R. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Product Modeling ◽  
Product Models ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Unique Framework ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper describes the roles of features and abstraction mechanisms in the mechanical design process, mechanical designs, and product models of mechanical designs. It also describes the relationship between functions and features in mechanical design. It is our experience that many research efforts exist in the areas of design and product modeling and, further, that these efforts must be cataloged and compared. To this end, this paper culminates with the presentation of a multi-dimensional abstraction space which provides a unique framework for (a) comparing mechanical engineering design research efforts, (b) relating conceptual objects used in the life cycle of mechanical products, and (c) defining a product modeling space.

Present Trends in Designing of Technical Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Šeminský
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Problem Size ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Design Theories

Paper is focused to the development in designing of technical systems and present methodology approaches. For a long time, engineering design research has been focused on the development of various design theories, methodologies, methods, tools, and procedures. Engineers to more efficiently design artefacts have subsequently used that design methods. However, as the artefacts have grown in complexity, the need for new methods has become obvious. Also, in a nowadays world, increased competition and globalisation require organizations to re-examine traditional product development strategies. While the difficulties in design synthesis are caused by a wide variety of issues, the complicatedness under problem size is so essential that it make procedural design knowledge insufficient to generate superior design solutions.

scholarly journals Research of the relationship between educational and professional programs of higher pharmaceutical education in Ukraine with the «Ten-star pharmacist» concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Ю. І. Кремінь ◽  
Б. П. Громовик
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
Professional Programs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pharmaceutical Education ◽  
Pharmaceutical Practice

Currently, the training of Masters of Pharmacy (MPh) in Ukraine is based on the competency model as a list of competencies and program learning outcomes according to academic disciplines, which is reflected in the educational and professional programs (EPP) institutions of higher pharmaceutical education (IHPhE). At the same time, MPh, as public trust workers, must have all professional roles (PR) in accordance with of the «ten-star pharmacist» concept. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between general (GC) and professional (PC) competencies of MPh and current PR according to the «ten-star pharmacist» concept. The materials of the study were EPP of twenty-two IHPhE that train masters in the specialty 226 «Pharmacy, industrial pharmacy». Methods of critical analysis, generalization, specification and interpretation of results are used. It was found that the lists of GC and PC differ in the analyzed EPP. It is determined that according to the presence of common GC IHPhE can be divided into three groups, while for PC there are six such groups. Significant differences in the formation of individual PR of future MPh due to acquisition them of different numbers of GC and PC are noted. It is established that in the studied EPP of twenty-two IHPhE for the preparation of masters in the specialty 226 «Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy» there are 15 GC and 35 PC. At the same time, the majority of GC (12 out of 15) and the minority of PC (16 out of 35) of the studied EPP are similar. Significant differences were found in the formation of the PR MPh, in particular, the analyzed GC do not sufficiently reflect PR a life-long-learner (only GC 4 in all groups and GC 15 in group Z). In PC, this picture is typical for PR a decision-maker (only PC 16 in all groups) and a teacher (PC 1 and 2 in all groups). It is shown that the lack of unified compliance of the studied EPP with PC will not contribute to the formation of MPh, adequate to pharmaceutical practice, and their acquisition of the necessary PR in accordance with the «ten-star pharmacist» concept.

Validating Design Methods and Research: The Validation Square

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjartan Pedersen ◽  
Jan Emblemsvåg ◽  
Reid Bailey ◽  
Janet K. Allen ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
New Knowledge

Abstract Validation of engineering research is typically anchored in the scientific inquiry tradition that is based primarily on logical induction and / or deduction. Since much engineering research is based on mathematical modeling, this kind of validation has worked — and still works — very well. There are, however, other areas of engineering research that rely on subjective statements as well as mathematical modeling, which makes this type of validation problematic. One such area is that of design methods within the field of engineering design. In this paper, we explore the question of how one validates design research in general, and design methods in particular. Being anchored in the scientific inquiry tradition, research validation is strongly tied to a fundamental problem addressed in epistemology, namely, what is scientific knowledge and how is new knowledge confirmed? Thus, we first look to epistemology for answers to why an approach solely based on ‘formal, rigorous and quantifiable’ validation constitutes a problem, and for an augmented approach to research validation. We then propose the ‘Validation Square’ which we validate by testing its internal consistency based on logic in addition to testing its external relevance based on its usefulness with respect to a purpose. We recognize that no one has the complete answer to the question we pose. To help us converge on an answer to these questions we “think aloud” and invite you to join us in doing the same. It is our hope that in so doing we, the members of this design research community, will all be the richer for it.

The Engineering Design Discipline: Is its Confounding Lexicon Hindering its Evolution?

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achille Messac ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Web

Abstract In this paper, we invite the engineering design research community to examine the current state of the engineering design lexicon. We expose the nature and the pervasiveness of practices that often hinder intelligible discourse within the engineering design literature. In particular, we show how such commonly used terms as criterion and metric are used sometimes as synonyms and sometimes not, often leading to material miscommunications. In our view, the engineering design discipline has reached a point in its evolution where clarity and conciseness of its lexicon should be a priority. Today’s design activity takes place in a truly multidisciplinary environment, which often involves engineers of diverse backgrounds. Written and oral design discourse among design researchers does not rely on a generally accepted and documented lexicon. These situations are symptomatic of a communication infrastructure that is not effectively facilitating the vigorous evolution of the engineering design discipline of recent years. In addition to detailing the outlines of the design lexicon deficiency, we also propose some avenues to a constructive and productive community-wide discussion on this subject. We invite readers to contribute their views by participating in the web discussion at http://www.eng.buffalo.edu/Research/DBD/.

The Relationship Between Design Outcomes and Mental States During Ideation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Lin Hu ◽  
Joran W. Booth ◽  
Tahira Reid
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Cognitive Workload ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
The Relationship

Using electroencephalography (EEG) to predict design outcomes could be used in many applications as it facilitates the correlation of engagement and cognitive workload with ideation effectiveness. It also establishes a basis for the connection between EEG measurements and common constructs in engineering design research. In this paper, we propose a support vector machine (SVM)-based prediction model for design outcomes using EEG metrics and some demographic factors as predictors. We trained and validated the model with more than 100 concepts, and then evaluated the relationship between EEG data and concept-level measures of novelty, quality, and elaboration. The results characterize the combination of engagement and workload that is correlated with good design outcomes. Findings also suggest that EEG technologies can be used to partially replace or augment traditional ideation metrics and to improve the efficacy of ideation research.

scholarly journals Announcing a New Webinar Series for the Engineering Design Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Research Community

Abstract I am pleased to announce the launch of the new JMD Webinar Series, an initiative taken by the editorial board of the Journal of Mechanical Design (JMD), serving the engineering design research community. Our goal of creating this webinar series is to share the latest research and development being published in JMD and offer a platform that allows networking among the engineering design research community. All presentation videos can be accessed from the JMD companion website https://www.asmejmd.org/webinar.html after the event.

scholarly journals Understanding the Order of Engineering Design Research

10.14311/434 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Teleological Explanation ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Internal Relationships ◽  
Research Domains

Engineering design research manifests as a platform for exploration, description, arrangement, rationalization, and application of design knowledge. What we can see when we are looking at the research into engineering design is an almost chaotically fragmented picture. Is it possible to have a holistic view on the contents and internal relationships of engineering design research? This paper considers teleology, a reflection of a branch of philosophical speculations, as the doctrine of ordering knowledge of engineering design and structuring engineering design research accordingly. Teleology explains that the ultimate reason behind design is to sustain human existence and well being by virtual creation of artifacts and services for society. To this end, knowledge of engineering research is supposed to be transferred from the platform of scientific/theoretical exploration and comprehension to the platform of technical/pragmatic application. This implies a natural streaming of knowledge of engineering design. In order to make the teleological explanation operational, a framework of reasoning has been constructed by adopting the analogy of the source, channel and sink of a stream. To represent the source, channel and sink categories of engineering design knowledge, the author inaugurated nine categories in the framework. It has been hypothesized that the introduced categories are equally valid for research in engineering design as well as for the knowledge of engineering design. Within each category, research domains and trajectories have been defined. The proposed teleology-based framework lends itself to a better understanding of the disciplinary articulation and intrinsic relationships of engineering design research. It is hoped, among other things, to form a basis for a shared understanding, to make the influence of decisions on research programs more transparent, as well as to facilitate organizing subject materials for various design courses.

scholarly journals Designer behaviour and activity: an industrial observation method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cash ◽  
Ben Hicks ◽  
Steve Culley ◽  
Filippo A. Salustri
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Design

The relationship between laboratory based study and the actual practice of engineering design is very important. For research activity, laboratory based studies have an important role. The problem is the difficulty of relating laboratory study to practice, it is thus important to fully understand this relationship. To address this, an observational method is proposed that focuses on characterizing the activities and behaviors of designers in practice. The method has been developed to provide rich context, whilst avoiding information overload. The proposed method is then critically discussed with respect to the issues particularly affecting empirical design research, such as contextualization, validity and repeatability. Finally, the paper highlights the potential importance and impact of the method for developing the relationship between practice and laboratory based experiments.

scholarly journals Designer behaviour and activity: an industrial observation method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cash ◽  
Ben Hicks ◽  
Steve Culley ◽  
Filippo A. Salustri
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Design

The relationship between laboratory based study and the actual practice of engineering design is very important. For research activity, laboratory based studies have an important role. The problem is the difficulty of relating laboratory study to practice, it is thus important to fully understand this relationship. To address this, an observational method is proposed that focuses on characterizing the activities and behaviors of designers in practice. The method has been developed to provide rich context, whilst avoiding information overload. The proposed method is then critically discussed with respect to the issues particularly affecting empirical design research, such as contextualization, validity and repeatability. Finally, the paper highlights the potential importance and impact of the method for developing the relationship between practice and laboratory based experiments.

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