scholarly journals The Ways to Optimize Costs of Enterprise on the Example of PJSC «Ukrainian Railways»

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
I. V. Nagorna ◽  
◽  
Y. Y. Halkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Impact

The article is aimed at finding ways to optimize costs at the production subdivision «Operational wagon depot Kupyansk» of the Regional division «Southern Railway» of the Private Joint Stock Company «Ukrainian Railways» on the basis of the performed analysis of the composition and structure of costs, profitability, the impact of the amount of costs on performance indicators, the level of costs per 1 UAH of the consummated services, and operational analysis. The views of scholars on the term «costs» are explored. It is defined that cost management is quite a complex and important process in the course of carrying out economic activity along with determining the quality of further results of enterprise. The main methodological bases of cost management, economic condition of the enterprise are researched. Optimization measures for further development of the enterprise are proposed, which will allow to use its resources more efficiently, to achieve an increase sales and maximize profits. The authors provide recommendations on managing the enterprise costs in order to stimulate the growth of competitiveness. The focus is placed on the mechanism of minimizing the costs of the enterprise in the total amount of net income, because efficient use of costs can not be carried out without structural changes in the sphere of their management. It is identified that cost management is an interconnected complex of works, which forms and influences the behavior of costs during economic activity, as well as is aimed at achieving the optimal level of costs. The proposed measures as to optimizing costs can be used by directors and managers of the enterprise to make informed decisions on the prospective development of the enterprise.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Quality of Irrigation Machinery by Monitoring Changes in the Coefficients of Uniformity and Non-Uniformity of Irrigation

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Ján Jobbágy ◽  
Peter Dančanin ◽  
Koloman Krištof ◽  
Juraj Maga ◽  
Vlastimil Slaný
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Uniformity Coefficient ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Irrigation Uniformity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Recently, the development of agricultural technology has been focused on achieving higher reliability and quality of work. The aim of the presented paper was to examine the possibilities of evaluating the quality of work of wide-area irrigation machinery by monitoring the coefficients of uniformity and non-uniformity of irrigation. The object of the research was pivot irrigation machinery equipped with sprinklers with a total length from 230 to 540 m. The commonly applied quality of work parameter for wide-range irrigators is the irrigation uniformity coefficient according to Heermann and Hein CUH. Work quality evaluations were also carried out through other parameters applicable in practice, such as irrigation uniformity coefficients calculated according to Christiansen CU, Wilcox and Swailes Cws, and our introduced parameters, the coefficient ar (derived from the degree of unevenness according to Oehler) and the degree of uniformity γr (derived from the degree of non-uniformity according to Voight). Other applied parameters for determining the quality of work of wide-range irrigation machinery were the coefficients of irrigation uniformity according to Hart and Reynolds CUhr, further according to Criddle CUcr and subsequently according to Beale and Howell CUbr. Next, the parameters of the non-uniformity coefficient according to Oehler a, the coefficient of variation according to Stefanelli Cv, the degree of non-uniformity according to Voigt γ and the degree of non-uniformity according to Hofmeister Ef were evaluated. Field tests were performed during the growing season of cultivated crops (potatoes, corn and sugar beet) in the village of Trakovice (agricultural enterprise SLOV-MART, southwest of the Slovakia) and in the district of Piešťany (Agrobiop, joint stock company). During the research, the inlet operating parameters (speed stage, inlet pressure, irrigation dose), technical parameters (number of sprayers, total length, number of chassis) and weather conditions (wind speed and temperature) were recorded. The obtained results were examined by one-way ANOVA analysis depending on the observed coefficient or input conditions and subsequently verified by Tukey and Duncan tests as needed. Irrigation uniformity values ranged from 67.58% (Cws) to 95.88% (CUbh) depending on the input conditions. Irrigation non-uniformity values ranged from 8.58 (a, Ef) to 32.42% (Cv). The results indicate a statistically significant effect of the site of interest and thus the impact of particular field conditions (p < 0.05). When evaluating the application of different coefficients of irrigation uniformity, the results showed a statistically significant effect only in the first test (p = 0.03, p < 0.05). During further repeated measurements, the quality of work increased due to the performed inspection of all sprayers and the reduction in the influence of the wind.

scholarly journals Economic-legal aspects of business assets definition and its effectiveness analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Oldřich Tvrdoň ◽  
Radmila Presová ◽  
Martin Přibyl
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The thesis “Economic-legal aspects of business assets definition and its effectiveness analysis” analyses the contribution of business assets in joint-stock company Svornost Těmice. The company operates in the field of agricultural primary production. Focus of plant production still keeps the traditional composition of plants grown. In connection with increasing the quality of effectiveness of the machinery the area of corn-production will be expanded. In animal production, the company specialises on the pig-feeding and milking-cows.The theoretical part includes the opinions of the world economists and managers on the definition of basic concepts related to business assets. These opinions are confronted with those of Czech authors, in order to acquaint students of the Faculty of Business and Economics with them – focusing on students of the Trade Management specialisation.The practical part is focused on analysis of effectiveness of business assets in the selected company. It have confirmed that managers of this business have to improve the intensity of exploitation of the asset base and thus to reach its higher effectiveness. This task is necessary for operation in the intensive-competition environment formed after the entrance into the European Union.

scholarly journals Influence of COVID-19 on creative industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Yulia O. Glushkova ◽  
◽  
Anastasia V. Vasina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. This study analyzes the impact of the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection on the creative industries in the Russian Federation, as well as finding solutions to support this area in the context of the pandemic. Theoretical analysis. Since the latest imperatives of the current world processes dictate the need for structural changes in the state economic activity, the actual principle of the economic activity organization can be called the creative industries concept development, which include industries related to the creation of a certain cultural or creative product, IT-sphere, fashion and design, advertising and marketing products, as well as folk art and craft. Due to the relevance of the creative industries development, modern research on the theory of creative economy development pays great attention to the study of the specifics of this activity and ways to improve it. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the crisis in the creative industries, as well as a detailed analysis of the opportunities and threats of the crisis. Empirical analysis. Based on the analysis of the activities of companies in the creative industries, the authors of the article identify opportunities for the development of companies in the creative sphere in terms of economic and social efficiency. New trends in the transformation of business processes in various fields (theatre, film industry, music, exhibition and Museum activities) are considered. Results. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the urgent tasks in the situation of forced quarantine measures are the timely transformation of creative industries with the use of information technologies, the transition to online areas of interaction with consumers, as well as state support for creative industries most affected by the crisis.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effects of Quality of Financial Statements, Over GDP Forecasting Models. An Empirical Cross-Country Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-260
Author(s):  
Burca Valentin ◽  
Mates Dorel ◽  
Bogdan Oana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Forecast Error ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Under increasing macroeconomic uncertainty, governments base their economic policies on high-precision GDP estimates. The models considered based on building-up government budgets incorporate main drivers of economic growth, identified along a large range of empirical studies, mostly focused on economic productivity, factor accumulation, human capital, innovation and transfer of technology, structural changes, or institutional framework. However, there is little evidence related to the impact of accounting and assurance regulation on economic growth. Our study attempts to assess the significance of causal relation between forecasting error on GDP growth and quality of accounting standards, respectively quality of financial statements. The study analyzes the causal relation between country level measures of quality of financial reporting, synthetized by Isidro et. al. (2019), and the measure of GDP growth estimate mean error. Our results confirm a significant impact of quality of the output of financial reporting practice, related to disclosure quality and asymmetric timeliness. The results remain similar, even after controlling for accounting convergence influence. Checking for robustness of the model, we observe the main drivers of one year ahead GDP forecast error are related to institutional framework to issue high quality standards and enforce them properly. The results emphasize once again the role of economic development and corresponding complexity of economic activities and political framework impact on accounting regulation and subsequently on macroeconomic measures.

scholarly journals The impact of functional groups of the surface of carbon materials on the efficiency of purification of extraction phosphoric acid from fluorine compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Smirnov N.N. ◽  
Konoval A.V. ◽  
Smirnova D.N. ◽  
Kochetkov S.P.
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Fluorine Compounds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extraction Phosphoric Acid

The environmental problems of the production of extraction phosphoric acid and the effect of fluorine on the human body are discussed in the article. The creation of the industry of phosphoric fertilizers on the basis of processing of fluorine-containing phosphate raw materials and fluorine-containing compounds, the development of their application require the study of environmental consequences arising from this, because fluorine is characterized by high mobility in the biological cycle of metabolism. For the purification of phosphoric acid from fluorine was used carbon adsorbents such as active charcoal brand BAU, natural graphite deposits Kyshtymsky, P514 soot, charcoal. Experiments on the purification was carried out on non-evaporated half-hydrated extraction phosphoric acid which was produced by joint stock company «Apatit» in Cherepovets city in Russia. The following analyses were carried out: IR-Fourier spectrometry, research of acid–base properties of carbon materials by potentiometric titration, potentiometric method of fluorine determination in extraction phosphoric acid. It is mentioned that the carbon black P514 is the most efficient adsorbent for purification of extraction phosphoric acid. The total number of functional groups on its surface is 0.62 mmol/g, the degree of purification from fluorine compounds is 94.8%.

scholarly journals Impact of Cost Control on Business Efficiency of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Thai Binh, Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Ngoc Hung Dang ◽  
Thi Viet Ha Hoang ◽  
Manh Dung Tran
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Expense Ratio ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Return On Sales ◽  
The Impact

This study is conducted for investigating the impact of cost control on business efficiency of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the area of Thai Binh, Vietnam for the period from 2012 to 2014. Impacting factors were built and verified on business efficiency of SMEs including (i) Cost of goods sold ratio, (ii) Financial expense ratio, (iii) Administration expense ratio, (iv) Firm size, (v) Financial leverage, (vi) Assets structure, and on Pre-tax return on sales ratio and Pre-tax return on assets ratio. The study employed regression models of OLS, FEM, REM and GLS with multi-year dataset of SMEs in Thai Binh province. The results show that the ratios of cost of goods sold, financial leverage, and administration expenses have negative relation with business efficiency, but affecting Return on sales (ROS) and Return on assets (ROA). In addition, financial leverage, assets structure and firm size have small impacts on ROS and ROA. Also, basing on the findings, SMEs operating in the form of joint stock company have higher business efficiency than those operating in the form of limited liability company.

scholarly journals Consideration of quality change of railway transport maintenance operations in managing costs of goods transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Lidia Shkurina ◽  
Eugenia Maskaeva ◽  
Stanislav Maskaev
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Quality Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Financial Result ◽  
Freight Market

the authors reviewed the quality of operational work of railway transport in the cost management system, presented methods for assessing the impact of the quality of rolling stock on the current costs of transportation activities, considered the issues of the impact of the quality of operational work on the formation of freight market demand and of financial result of the transport company - the owner of infrastructure and traction rolling stock, represented methods of assessing financial and economic efficiency of improving the quality of operational work for the company - a participant of the freight market.

SuperShip: Journey of a Successful Entrepreneur

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
Viet Quoc Cao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Freight Forwarding ◽  
Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty

SuperShip Vietnam, a Joint Stock Company, founded in 2015, specializes in freight forwarding and express delivery services for e-commerce transactions in Vietnam. In 4 years, it has come a long way from a start-up with only five members and VNĐ 40 million (~US$1,800) as the capital. Difficulties and challenges faced by the firm were incredibly huge. Nevertheless, with slow but steady growth, the company utilized the quality of services as the foundation to build customer satisfaction and loyalty rather than taking the route of price-based competition. SuperShip has grown steadily to become a prestigious and well-established enterprise in the fast-moving freight forwarding market. SuperShip is not yet satisfied with its multiple accomplishments as there are still many peaks to conquer to achieve the company’s vision. The case highlights as to how through participation in union-association and volunteering activities; implementing small business plans to earn extra money during college days can help in developing leadership, negotiation and interpersonal skills and hone the entrepreneurship trait. Dilemma For steady growth, should the company utilize the quality of services as the foundation to build customer satisfaction and loyalty or take the route of price-based competition. Theory: Sustainability of a business in goods delivery sector Type of the case: Experience-based applied single case study Protagonist: The owner of the firm Options Copy the business model of the two large players in the existing market and offer similar services. Raise the benchmark of customer satisfaction and loyalty by designing and delivering superior quality of service with the help of well trained and empowered employees. Discussions and Case Questions For a training firm is it better to focus on a single service and performing it with excellence than offering many courses. How did SuperShip created its point of difference? How the firm can grow further while raising funds at a low cost? What is the next level of quality of service that the firm should target?

The Impact of Agricultural Environmental Pollutions on the Population’s Quality of Life. The Experience of Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bagila MUSTAFAYEVA ◽  
Saule KALTAYEVA ◽  
Ainura SAPAROVA ◽  
Elvira ALIMKULOVA ◽  
Meruert KULBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Production Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The purpose of the present study is analyzing the trends of agricultural pollutions and their impact on the health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main research methods include a bibliographic review of the literature on the research subject, as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis of statistical indicators of agricultural production development, and the dynamics of agroecological indicators of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To assess the impact of agricultural changes on the quality of life associated with the health of the population, the analysis of secondary data of sociological research conducted by the Environmental Fund of Kazakhstan was carried out. The results of the study show that since 1999 the agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan has undergone structural changes which are characterized by active mechanization, intensification, and specialization. At the same time, the widespread use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as irrigation, the growth of pollution from livestock, and the employment of heavy machinery have adverse effects on water and soil.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN THE SPANISH CONSTRUCTION SECTOR PRE- AND POST-FINANCIAL CRISIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena KAPELKO ◽  
Alfons OUDE LANSINK
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

This paper estimates technical efficiency in the Spanish construction sector before and after the start of the current financial crisis, and examines the impact of socio-economic factors on technical efficiency. Bias-corrected efficiency measures are obtained using Data Envelopment Analysis with bootstrap for a sample of medium-sized and large construction firms over the period 2000–2010. Next, bias-corrected efficiency scores are regressed on the variables explaining efficiency using bootstrap truncated regression. The results show that technical efficiency is very low and is significantly lower after the beginning of the financial crisis than before. Firms with the highest technical efficiency scores have the lowest input-ratio for material and employee costs to output and the highest for fixed assets. The examination of the determinants of technical efficiency indicates that efficiency is higher for firms that export, are highly leveraged, are integrated in the form of joint stock company, and are located in Spanish regions with higher GDP per capita, while firms with high stock relatively to turnover have lower technical efficiency. Technical efficiency increases with size for relatively small sized construction firms, but decreases beyond a critical firm size, while technical efficiency decreases with age for young firms, but eventually increases for older firms.

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