The Stroke Knowledge Assessment Tool  (SKAT): Development, Reliability and Validity

The purpose of the study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a stroke knowledge assessment tool based on a mixed-methods approach and a synthesis of the relevant literature on stroke. The content of the tool was predominantly developed by the findings from a qualitative study involving ten stroke patients who had been admitted to a state hospital due to a stroke during the previous 2 years. The other source for tool construction was the information that emerged from an extensive literature review. The resulting online questionnaire was divided into three main sections namely i) demographics ii) stroke knowledge and iii) stroke response. A 5-point Likert scale was chosen to answer each question in Sections B and C, which facilitates the analysis process using descriptive and inference statistics. The tool was subjected to psychometric testing with promising results. The use of a standard tool, such as SKAT, which is the one presented in this paper, presents health professionals, who are in a prime position to gauge healthcare educational needs, with the means to assess stroke knowledge and carry out interesting uniform comparisons between different geographical and ethnical populations. The targeted audience for the use of this tool is a). The general population and/or b). A population where stroke knowledge enhancement is being planned. SKAT can then inform educational and awareness needs.

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Testing a self-assessment tool for HP competencies with participants of training courses in Austria

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

G Lang

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Core Competencies ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

International Standards ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Self Assessment ◽

High Quality ◽

Training Courses ◽

Training Programmes

Abstract Background High quality health promotion (HP) depends on a competent workforce for which professional development programmes for practitioners are essential. The “CompHP Core Competencies Framework in HP” defines crucial competency domains but a recent review concluded that the implementation and use of the framework is lacking. The aim was to develop and validate a self-assessment tool for HP competencies, which should help evaluate training courses. Methods A brief self-assessment tool was employed in 2018 in Austria. 584 participants of 77 training courses submitted their post-course assessment (paper-pencil, RR = 78.1%). In addition, longitudinal data are available for 148 participants who filled in a pre-course online questionnaire. Measurement reliability and validity was tested by single factor, bifactor, multigroup, and multilevel CFA. A SEM proved for predictive and concurrent validity, controlling gender and age. Results A bifactor model (X2/df=3.69, RMSEA=.07, CFI=.95, sRMR=.07) showed superior results with a strong general CompHP factor (FL>.65, wH=.90, ECV=.85), configurally invariant for two training programmes. On course level, there was only minimal variance between trainings (ICC<.08). Structurally, there was a significant increase in HP competencies when comparing pre- and post-course measurements (b=.33, p<.01). Participants showed different levels of competencies due to prior knowledge (b=.38, p<.001) and course format (b=.16, p<.06). The total scale had good properties (m = 49.8, sd = 10.3, 95%-CI: 49.0-50.7) and discriminated between groups (eg by training length). Conclusions The results justify the creation of an overall scale to assess core HP competencies. It is recommended to use the scale for evaluating training courses. The work compensates for the lack of empirical studies on the CompHP concept and facilitates a broader empirical application of a uniform competency framework for HP in accordance with international standards in HP and public health. Key messages The self-assessment tool provides a good and compact foundation for assessing HP competencies. It provides a basis for holistic, high quality and sustainable capacity building or development in HP.

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Subject Recommended Samples

Information Systems Research and Exploring Social Artifacts ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2491-7.ch003 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 43-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Isaías ◽

Sara Pífano ◽

Paula Miranda

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

A Chain ◽

Sample Method ◽

Introductory Review ◽

Selection Of

In a research project, the selection of the sample method is crucial, since it has repercussions throughout the entirety of the study. It determines how the population under scrutiny will be represented and with what accuracy. Hence, it has an important impact in terms of the reliability and validity of the research in general, and consequently, its conclusions. This chapter aims to explore snowball sampling as a chain-referral sampling method. An introductory review of the relevant literature highlights its main characteristics, benefits, and shortcomings, and provides a broader insight to circumstances where it can be successfully applied. This theoretical prologue is followed by the analysis of its employment in an online questionnaire and the presentation of the lessons learned from this sampling decision.

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Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool-Updated Version (PUKAT 2.0)

Journal of Tissue Viability ◽

10.1016/j.jtv.2021.08.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Öznur Erbay Dalli ◽

Yasemin Yildirim ◽

Gülbahar Çalişkan ◽

Nermin Kelebek Girgin

Keyword(s):

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Knowledge Assessment ◽

Turkish Version

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Scoping Review of Economical, Efficient, and Effective Cultural Competency Measures

Evaluation & the Health Professions ◽

10.1177/0163278720910244 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 016327872091024

Author(s):

Maria B. J. Chun ◽

David S. Jackson

Keyword(s):

Cultural Competence ◽

Cultural Competency ◽

Health Beliefs ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Psychometric Testing ◽

Cultural Humility ◽

Health Practitioner ◽

Validity Testing

Identifying practical and effective tools to evaluate the efficacy of cultural competency (cc) training in medicine continues to be a challenge. Multiple measures of various lengths and stages of psychometric testing exist, but none have emerged as a “gold standard.” This review attempts to identify cc measures with potential to economically, efficiently, and effectively provide insight regarding the value of cc training efforts to make it easier for wider audience utilization. A scoping review of 11 online reference databases/search engines initially yielded 9,626 items mentioning cc measures. After the initial review, focus was placed on measures that assessed cultural competence of medical students, residents, and/or attending physicians. Six measures were identified and reviewed: (1) Cross-Cultural Care Survey, (2) Cultural Competence Health Practitioner Assessment, (3) Cultural Humility Scale, (4) Health Beliefs Attitudes Survey, (5) Tool for Assessing Cultural Competency Training, and (6) the Tucker-Culturally Sensitive Health-Care Provider Inventory. Relevant literature documenting use and current psychometric assessments for each measure were noted. Each measure was found to be of value for its particular purpose but needs more strenuous reliability and validity testing. A commitment to include psychometric assessments should be an expected part of studies utilizing these measures.

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Assessment of Clinical Reasoning by Listening to Case Presentations: VSOP Method for Better Feedback

Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development ◽

10.4137/jmecd.s30035 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. JMECD.S30035 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hirotaka Onishi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Reasoning ◽

Clinical Education ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

The One ◽

Case Presentations ◽

Almost All

Case presentation is used as a teaching and learning tool in almost all clinical education, and it is also associated with clinical reasoning ability. Despite this, no specific assessment tool utilizing case presentations has yet been established. SNAPPS (summarize, narrow, analyze, probe, plan, and select) and the One-minute Preceptor are well-known educational tools for teaching how to improve consultations. However, these tools do not include a specific rating scale to determine the diagnostic reasoning level. Mini clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) and RIME (reporter, interpreter, manager, and educator) are comprehensive assessment tools with appropriate reliability and validity. The vague, structured, organized and pertinent (VSOP) model, previously proposed in Japan and derived from RIME model, is a tool for formative assessment and teaching of trainees through case presentations. Uses of the VSOP model in real settings are also discussed.

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The use of the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in a practice-based health discipline: Academic and student experience in paramedicine

Health Education in Practice: Journal of Research for Professional Learning ◽

10.33966/hepj.3.2.14225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Andy Bell ◽

Jennifer Kelly ◽

Peter Lewis

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Best Practice ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Specific Area ◽

Training Model ◽

Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Effective Measure

Abstract:Purpose:Over the past two decades, the discipline of Paramedicine has seen expediential growth as it moved from a work-based training model to that of an autonomous profession grounded in academia. With limited evidence-based literature examining assessment in paramedicine, this paper aims to describe student and academic views on the preference for OSCE as an assessment modality, the sufficiency of pre-OSCE instruction, and whether or not OSCE performance is a perceived indicator of clinical performance.Design/Methods:A voluntary, anonymous survey was conducted to examine the perception of the reliability and validity of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) as an assessment tool by students sitting the examination and the academics that facilitate the assessment. Findings:The results of this study revealed that the more confident the students are in the reliability and validity of the assessment, the more likely they are to perceive the assessment as an effective measure of their clinical performance. The perception of reliability and validity differs when acted upon by additional variables, with the level of anxiety associated with the assessment and the adequacy of feedback of performance cited as major influencers. Research Implications:The findings from this study indicate the need for further paramedicine discipline specific research into assessment methodologies to determine best practice models for high quality assessment.Practical Implications:The development of evidence based best practice guidelines for the assessment of student paramedics should be of the upmost importance to a young, developing profession such as paramedicine.Originality/Value: There is very little research in the discipline specific area of assessment for paramedicine and discipline specific education research is essential for professional growth.Limitations:The principal researcher was a faculty member of one of the institutions surveyed. However, all data was non identifiable at time of data collection. Key WordsParamedic; paramedicine; objective structured clinical examinations; OSCE; education; assessment.

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Knowledge assessment and barriers to cancer screening among Ghanaian community pharmacists

Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/1078155220983413 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107815522098341

Author(s):

Kofi B Mensah ◽

Adwoa Bemah Boamah Mensah ◽

Peter Yamoah ◽

Joseph Attakorah ◽

Varsha Bangalee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Screening ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Screening Guidelines ◽

Validity Assessment ◽

Wide Range ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Primary Healthcare Provider ◽

To Come

Introduction Though there are controversies, cancer screening has been suggested to decrease mortality. Over the years, the most accessible primary healthcare provider; the community pharmacist, has developed an interest in being part of cancer screening activities and prevention of a wide range of other non-communicable diseases. To achieve this, community pharmacists need a working knowledge of the basic screening test and recommendations. Also, it’s important to acknowledge the barriers that may prevent the implementation of cancer-screening efforts at the community pharmacy. This study aims to determine the knowledge and barriers to cancer screening among Ghanaian community pharmacists. Methodology Knowledge and barriers to cancer screening was assessed using an online questionnaire in 435 community pharmacists. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-squared tests were used to analyze the data. Results The reliability and validity assessment of the questionnaire after data collection revealed a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.82 for knowledge on cancer screening. The SD and mean age of study participants were 2.48 ± 20.08. Only 25.7% of the participants had good knowledge. The most identified barrier was the lack of established guidelines (60.9%). There was no association between participants' demographics and their knowledge scores. Conclusions Community pharmacists can potentially have a large impact on early detection of cancer through screening. However, they have to improve their knowledge on general screening guidelines and be aware of available educational resources to increase their knowledge. It is also important for all stakeholders to come together to establish local screening modalities and recommendations for the country.

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Digital Addiction: Systematic Review of Computer Game Addiction Impact on Adolescent Physical Health

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10090996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 996

Author(s):

Norshakirah Aziz ◽

Md Jan Nordin ◽

Said Jadid Abdulkadir ◽

Muhammad Muhaimin M. Salih

Keyword(s):

Physical Health ◽

Computer Games ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Literature Study ◽

Computer Gaming ◽

Digital Addiction ◽

The Impact ◽

Malaysian Adolescents

The advancement of technology has enabled powerful microprocessors to render high-quality graphics for computer gaming. Despite being intended for leisure purposes, several components of the games alongside the gamer’s environmental factors have resulted in digital addiction (DA) towards computer games such as massively multiplayer online games (MMOG). Excessive gaming among adolescents has various negative impacts on an individual. However, only a few researchers have addressed the impact of DA on physical health. Thus, the primary objective of this research is to study the impact of DA on physical health among Malaysian adolescents. This study focuses on Malaysian adolescents of ages 12–18 years old who are addicted to computer games, specifically the MMOG. The methodology used for the study involves focus group discussions (FGD) and extensive literature study. The FGD sessions have involved both medical experts and game experts. The outcome of FGD discussion is recorded and justified with the existing relevant literature from high-impact journals, theses, conferences, books, and reports. This paper provides evidence of five physical health impacts of DA associated with adolescents. The factors of DA, the addiction components existing in MMOG computer games, and the DA health risk assessment are presented in the results section. Based on the study, it is concluded that DA among Malaysian adolescents can cause various impacts on physical health such as obesity, back pain, and neck pain, orthopaedic/joint muscle, eyesight problem, hearing problem, as well as physical inactivity.

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Exertional Heat Stroke Knowledge and Management among Emergency Medical Service Providers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18095016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 5016

Author(s):

Rebecca Hirschhorn ◽

Oluwagbemiga DadeMatthews ◽

JoEllen Sefton

Keyword(s):

Service Providers ◽

Heat Stroke ◽

The United States ◽

Knowledge Assessment ◽

Years Of Experience ◽

Exertional Heat Stroke ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

Previously Treated ◽

Stroke Knowledge ◽

Cooling Methods

This study evaluated emergency medical services (EMS) providers’ knowledge of exertional heat stroke (EHS) and assessed current EMS capabilities for recognizing and managing EHS. EMS providers currently practicing in the United States were recruited to complete a 25-item questionnaire. There were 216 questionnaire responses (183 complete) representing 28 states. On average, respondents were 42.0 ± 13.0 years old, male (n = 163, 75.5%), and white (n = 176, 81.5%). Most respondents were Paramedics (n = 110, 50.9%) and had ≥16 years of experience (n = 109/214, 50.9%) working in EMS. Fifty-five percent (n = 99/180) of respondents had previously treated a patient with EHS. The average number of correct answers on the knowledge assessment was 2.6 ± 1.2 out of 7 (~37% correct). Temporal (n = 79), tympanic (n = 76), and oral (n = 68) thermometers were the most prevalent methods of temperature assessment available. Chemical cold packs (n = 164) and air conditioning (n = 134) were the most prevalent cooling methods available. Respondents demonstrated poor knowledge regarding EHS despite years of experience, and over half stating they had previously treated EHS in the field. Few EMS providers reported having access to an appropriate method of assessing or cooling a patient with EHS. Updated, evidence-based training needs to be provided and stakeholders should ensure their EMS providers have access to appropriate equipment.

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