scholarly journals Supporting Social Justice Advocacy: A Paradigm Shift towards an Ecological Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie T. Greenleaf ◽  
Joseph M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Social Justice Advocacy ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

The entrenched intrapsychic perspective that currently dominates the counseling professions does not philosophically support social justice advocacy. Because an intrapsychic approach to counseling focuses almost exclusively on change at the individual level, interventions to change an oppressive environment are routinely ignored. Thus, this manuscript presents the argument that a paradigm shift towards an ecological perspective, one that recognizes human behavior as a function of person-environment interaction, is necessary to provide practitioners a clear rationale to engage in social justice advocacy in counseling.

scholarly journals A Tale of Odds and Ratios: Political Preference Formation in Postindustrial Democracies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wineroither ◽  
Rudolf Metz
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Preference Formation ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis report surveys four approaches that are pivotal to the study of preference formation: (a) the range, validity, and theoretical foundations of explanations of political preferences at the individual and mass levels, (b) the exploration of key objects of preference formation attached to the democratic political process (i.e., voting in competitive elections), (c) the top-down vs. bottom-up character of preference formation as addressed in leader–follower studies, and (d) gene–environment interaction and the explanatory weight of genetic predisposition against the cumulative weight of social experiences.In recent years, our understanding of sites and processes of (individual) political-preference formation has substantially improved. First, this applies to a greater variety of objects that provide fresh insight into the functioning and stability of contemporary democracy. Second, we observe the reaffirmation of pivotal theories and key concepts in adapted form against widespread challenge. This applies to the role played by social stratification, group awareness, and individual-level economic considerations. Most of these findings converge in recognising economics-based explanations. Third, research into gene–environment interplay rapidly increases the number of testable hypotheses and promises to benefit a wide range of approaches already taken and advanced in the study of political-preference formation.

scholarly journals Towards a definition of anti-oppressive dietetic practice in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Eric Ng ◽  
Caroline Wai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Increasingly, dietitians have found ourselves working with racialized clients, communities, and colleagues across the health and food systems in Canada. We are often asked to treat the adverse health outcomes of Black, Indigenous, and racialized communities resulting from these oppressions at the individual level. However, it is the role of dietitians to engage in efforts to "reduce health inequities and protect human rights; promote fairness and equitable treatment" (College of Dietitians of Ontario, 2019). An anti-oppression approach is required for dietitians to understand how their power and privilege shape the dietitian-client relationship. The purpose of this commentary is to propose a shift from cultural competence or diversity and inclusion in dietetics to an explicit intention of anti-oppressive dietetic practice. We begin our exploration from the Canadian context. We draw from our background working in health equity in public health, and our experiences facilitating equity training using anti-oppression approaches with dietetic learners and other public health practitioners. In creating a working definition of anti-oppressive dietetic practice, we conducted a scan of anti-oppression statements by health and social services organizations in Ontario, Canada, and literature from critical dietetics. A literature search revealed anti-oppressive practice frameworks in nursing and social work. However, this language is lacking in mainstream dietetic practice, with anti-oppression only discussed within the literature on critical dietetics and social justice. We propose that "dietitians can engage in anti-oppressive practice by providing food and nutrition care/planning/service to clients while simultaneously seeking to transform health and social systems towards social justice."

Testimonial Injustice and Mindreading

Hypatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Testimonial Injustice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Miranda Fricker

Miranda Fricker maintains that testimonial responsibility is the proper corrective to testimonial injustice. She proposes a perceptual‐like “testimonial sensibility” to explain the transmission of knowledge through testimony. This sensibility is the means by which a hearer perceives an interlocutor's credibility level. When prejudice causes a hearer to inappropriately deflate the credibility attributed to a speaker, the sensibility may have functioned unreliably. Testimonial responsibility, she claims, will make the capacity reliable by reinflating credibility levels to their proper degree. I argue that testimonial sensitivity may be or involve “mindreading,” the cognitive capacity by which we predict human behavior and explain it in terms of mental states. Further, I claim that, if testimonial sensibility is or involves mindreading, and mindreading is a function of brain processes (as claimed by cognitive neuroscientists), testimonial injustice cannot be corrected by testimonial responsibility. This is because 1) it appears to rely on conscious awareness of prejudice, whereas much bias occurs implicitly, and 2) it works at the individual level, whereas testimonial injustice occurs both individually and socially. I argue that the remedy for testimonial injustice is, instead, engaging in social efforts that work below the level of consciousness.

Equality and fairness: Linking social justice and social work practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Work Practitioners ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work Education

• Summary: Social justice lies at the heart of social work practice and is used by practitioners to describe their practice. That practice is primarily described at the individual level. • Findings: Equality and fairness are core aspects of social justice and are drawn on extensively by social work practitioners in this research project to define social justice and are reflected in their practice. The two terms are, however, given a range of diverse meanings by practitioners. Those meanings are translated into and reflected in their practice. • Application: There are important implications for social work education, the social work profession and social work practice in the diverse ways in which the terms are understood and used.

scholarly journals Does the socioeconomic positioned neighbourhood matter? Norwegian adolescents’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators for physical activity

2022 ◽  
pp. 140349482110666
Author(s):  
Hanne Hennig Havdal ◽  
Elisabeth Fosse ◽  
MEkdes Kebede Gebremariam ◽  
Karien Stronks ◽  
Oddbjørn Klomsten Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Parental Engagement ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Activity Behaviour

Background and aims: A higher proportion of adolescents from lower socioeconomic position families tend to be less physically active than their counterparts from higher socioeconomic position families. More research is needed to understand the causes of these differences, particularly the influence of the neighbourhood environment. This qualitative study aims to explore how adolescents and their parents from higher and lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods perceive the social, organisational and physical environment influencing adolescents’ physical activity behaviours. Method: We conducted six semi-structured focus groups with 35 13–14-year-olds and eight interviews with some of their parents. The interviewees were recruited from one higher and two lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods in Oslo, Norway. Theme-based coding was used for analysis, and the results discussed in light of an ecological framework. Results: The results indicate that factors like social norms in a neighbourhood could shape adolescents’ physical activity behaviour, and a social norm of an active lifestyle seemed to be an essential facilitator in the higher socioeconomic neighbourhood. Higher availability of physical activity and high parental engagement seemed to facilitate higher physical activity in this neighbourhood. In the lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods, the availability of local organised physical activity and volunteer engagement from parents varied. Programmes from the municipality and volunteer organisations seemed to influence and be essential for adolescents’ physical activity behaviour in these neighbourhoods. Conclusions: The results illustrate the complexity of behaviour and environment interaction, and a limitation in explaining the phenomenon by focusing primarily on the individual level rather than an ecological perspective.

Toward a Psychological Framework of Radical Healing in Communities of Color

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryana H. French ◽  
Jioni A. Lewis ◽  
Della V. Mosley ◽  
Hector Y. Adames ◽  
Nayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Liberation Psychology ◽  
Black Psychology ◽  
Social Justice Advocacy ◽  
Individual Level

Advancing beyond individual-level approaches to coping with racial trauma, we introduce a new psychological framework of radical healing for People of Color and Indigenous individuals (POCI) in the United States. We begin by providing a context of race and racism in the United States and its consequences for the overall well-being of POCI. We build on existing frameworks rooted in social justice education and activism and describe a form of healing and transformation that integrates elements of liberation psychology, Black psychology, ethnopolitical psychology, and intersectionality theory. We briefly review these conceptual foundations as a prelude to introducing a psychological framework of radical healing and its components grounded in five anchors including: (a) collectivism, (b) critical consciousness, (c) radical hope, (d) strength and resistance, and (e) cultural authenticity and self-knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of the applications of radical healing to clinical practice, research, training, and social justice advocacy.

scholarly journals Education as a Process and Result

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Halima Sofradzija ◽  
Sandro Sehic ◽  
Abdel Alibegovic ◽  
Sarina Bakic ◽  
Merima Camo
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Action Process ◽  
The Individual

Education is a process that happens at both the individual level of each human being and the global level of total humanity, which never ceases to participate in the educational process. Education is a social and historical category; no society has failed to have an educational system. Helmuth von Hentig outlines this in his text and, he reminds us that education is action, process and result. The paradigm shift brought about by the accelerated transformation of society also applies to the concept of education. New technologies and the irreversible digitalization of society have already greatly influenced educational practices and processes.

Social Justice Advocacy in Nursing: What Is It? How Do We Get There?

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan O’Mahony Paquin
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Social Justice Advocacy ◽  
Nursing Advocacy ◽  
Professional Codes ◽  
Nursing Literature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

Social justice advocacy is an expectation of all nurses as expressed in the professional codes that guide nursing practice. Nursing literature reflects this shift in the focus of nursing advocacy, providing insight into the potentials and challenges associated with nursing’s evolution toward a broader social justice advocacy model. This article describes the concept of social justice advocacy as currently reflected in professional codes and nursing literature and contrasts this with the individual patient–nurse advocacy model, which continues to dominate in nursing practice today. Challenges associated with movement toward a social justice advocacy model and options for addressing these hurdles are also discussed.

Justice Unbent

Utopophobia ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 124-146
Author(s):  
David Estlund
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Standard ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Goods ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Level

This chapter argues for and explores the thesis that individual motives are not collectively mitigating (justifying or excusing) unless they are individually mitigating. If the individual members are not justified or excused by certain motives then a society is neither exonerated from the charge of injustice, nor is it thereby rendered less blameworthy (more excused). It is important to be clear about the relations between excuse and justification on the individual level on one hand and on the social level on the other. Social justice is a moral standard for societies and, strictly speaking, not for individuals. An individual cannot be characterized by any distribution of social goods or any institutional arrangement, and these are among the sorts of things that are assessed by standards of social justice. Requirements of social justice morally require things of societies as such. Still, whether a society meets standards of justice will depend at least partly on how the society's members act.

The Covid-19 Pandemic and Climate Change: Some Lessons Learned on Individual Ethics and Social Justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 691-714
Author(s):  
Fausto Corvino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Collective Interest ◽  
Control Climate ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Ethics

The Covid-19 pandemic has confronted humanity with a complex and unexpected challenge. One part of this challenge concerned individual ethics, i.e., the behaviour of individuals with respect to the rules and restrictions that have been imposed by health authorities in the collective interest. Another part concerned, instead, the social organisation of immunisation campaigns. In this article I wonder whether the lessons we have learned in the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied to climate change mitigation. My first argument is that at least some of the ethical successes obtained at the individual level can be repeated with respect to climate change, but only if we stop focusing solely on the risks of climate change and offer a convincing picture of the benefits and opportunities of a more sustainable world. The second argument is that the Covid-19 pandemic offered us a new perspective on the relationship between global systemic threats and social justice: no one can adapt in isolation, neither medically nor economically. An out-of-control climate will lead to the same situation, so the asymmetry of vulnerability between developed and developing countries (and also between wealthy and poor people within the same country) is only a short-term illusion.

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