scholarly journals RUSSIAN FRITILLARIA (FRITILLARIA RUTENICA WIKSTR.) - A STANDARD VIEW OF FOREST-STEPPE CALCIUM LANDSCAPES OF ULYANOVSK VOLTAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Maslennikov ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila A. Maslennikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Reference Species ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Current State ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region

The article discusses the current state of a rare and protected species - Russian fritillary (Fritillaria ruthenica Wikstr.), as a characteristic and reference species of calcium forest-steppe landscapes of the Ulyanovsk region of the Volga Upland and their role as conservation centers for this vulnerable species.

Influence of foliar fertilization of plants with humid preparations on the productivity of spring barley in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
V.Y. Bukhalo ◽  
G.I. Sukhova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Current State ◽  
Growth Stimulant ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants

The article analyzes the current state and improvement of elements of the technology of growing valuable forage and food crops, spring barley in Ukraine. It is noted that in recent years the area under large crops and the yield of this crop have decreased significantly. It is emphasized that further improvement of technologies should be focused on the transition to more use of biological agents to increase yields. Researchers have shown that the effectiveness of the use of humid preparations GK-6M, GK-4MK, GK-MK - on crops of spring barley Dokuchaivsky 15, due to foliar feeding of plants in the tiller ring phase. The main justification of the article is the results of field research conducted in 2015–2019. Maximum indicators, namely: increase in leaf area by 46–38 %, stem height by 8,3 cm; the number of grains in the ear – 4,8 pieces; ear lengths – 1,9 cm; mass of grain in the ear – 0,33 g; masses of 1000 grains – at 12,0 %; nature of grain – 34,9 g – was obtained by treating plants with humid preparation GK-6M. Foliar feeding of plants in the tiller ring phase with the studied drugs provided the largest increase in the yield of spring barley grain – 1,08 t/ha, provided the use of growth stimulant GK-6M. A slightly smaller effect of foliar fertilization of plants on the yield of spring barley was observed from the growth stimulator GK-4MK – the increase in grain yield was 0,83 t/ha and from the growth stimulant GK-MK – the increase in grain yield – 0,66 t/ha. The obtained increments are significant, mathematically proven. Further improvement of agrotechnologies due to wider use of biological means of increase of productivity and quality of production is offered. Keywords: spring barley, plant growth stimulants, foliar feeding, yield.

scholarly journals ZEOLITES AND FERTILIZERS ON THEIR BASIS IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE VOLGA FOREST STEPPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Kulikova ◽  
◽  
N. G. Zakharov ◽  
N. A. Khairtdinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region

Experimental field studies were carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University in 2018-2020. The experiment scheme in 2019 (laid in 2018) consisted of 4 variants: 1. Control (without fertilizers); 2. Zeolite in pure form, 500 kg / ha; 3. Organic mineral fertilizer, obtained by enriching zeolites with amino acids, 500 kg / ha; 4. Zeolite 500 kg / ha + N40 (carbamide at the dose of 40 kg of nitrogen per 1 ha). In 2020, the experiment was supplemented with four variants in order to identify more appropriate doses of fertilization (zeolite enriched with amino acids, 250 kg / ha; zeolite enriched with amino acids, 500 kg / ha; zeolite enriched with carbamide, 250 kg / ha; zeolite enriched with urea , 500 kg / ha). The experiments were carried out in 3-fold repetition with a randomized placement of plots. The effect of zeolite from Yushansk deposit of Ulyanovsk region and fertilizers based on it enriched with amino acids and urea were studied in the experiment, as well as their effect on general biological activity of leached black soil, on its agrochemical parameters, photosynthetic activity of soybean crops, yield and seed quality. A significant influence of experimental fertilizers on biological activity of the soil, improvement of nutrient regime, as well as the ability of zeolite to neutralize soil acidity was found. Improvement of the soil environment in case of application of zeolite enriched with amino acids and urea as a fertilizer contributed to an increase of soybean yields by 6-14% and by 12-31% to improvement of the product quality. With an increase of the dose of fertilizers, the yield of soybean seeds increased, but not proportionally.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ПРИВОЛЖСКОЙ ВОЗВЫШЕННОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Kudryavtsev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Volga Upland

Forest ecosystems transformation reflected to the reduction of the forest areas, fragmentation forests massifs, composition and structure alteration. Complex criteria to estimate of the forest ecosystems condition Volga Upland forest-steppe elaborated.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF FLORA IN SAMARA ZAVOLZHIE NEPOTISTIC SPECTRUM

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Anastasiy Viktorovna Ivanova ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Kostina
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Families First

It is known that the flora reacts on changing of composition climatic factors. Changing the composition of the head of the nepotistic spectrum, which is determined by the type of flora (first triada). Samara Region is located in Fab-zone, which in the territory of the Volga basin covers Saratov, Samara, Ulyanovsk region and the Republic of Tatarstan. In the north-western part of the Volga basin it gradually becomes Ros-zone. Changes in the composition of flora has discrete-continuous in nature. Flora in different parts of Fab-zone has its own characteristics, which is reflected in the taxonomic parameters. Most of the Samara Region is located in Zavolzhie, which forms the border of natural zones: forest-steppe and steppe. The natural conditions of these territories have their differences, and, therefore, differ in the parameters flora. The article reveals differences in the taxonomic structure of the flora of the steppe and forest-steppe part of the Samara region. These differences manifest themselves in different share of participation Fabaceae and Rosaceae. In the steppes of Samara Zavolzhja weakened the role of the family Rosaceae and enhanced Chenopodiaceae. Taxonomic analysis shows that the composition of the leading families first triad of the spectrum depends on the number of species in the description. The more species, the greater the likelihood that established triad leading families, corresponding to the zone. If the number of species in the description 500, then the leading triads stabilized.

scholarly journals Distribution of Тrifolium rubens in Ukraine and the current state of its populations in Zakarpattia

2021 ◽  
Vol 89-90 ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Alla Gnatiuk ◽  
Mykola Gaponenko ◽  
Vlasta Loya ◽  
Andrew Gaponenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Central European ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ontogenetic Structure ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Steppe Plant ◽  
European Forest

Trifolium rubens is a Central European forest-steppe plant species reaching its eastern distribution limit in Ukraine and listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009).Our study was carried out in 2016–2020 and aimed to analyze the distribution of T. rubens in Ukraine, to identify the composition of phytocoenoses with T. rubens, and to evaluate the current state of its populations in the Zakarpattia region of Ukraine. The distribution of this species was analyzed based on data obtained from the field surveys, literature, online resources, and herbaria. In total, 78 localities of T. rubens were analyzed. Trifolium rubens was found to be distributed in Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Rivne, Khmelnytskyi, Chernivtsi, and Vinnytsia regions of Ukraine. Two of these regions (Khmelnytskyi and Chernivtsi) were not mentioned before in the Red Book of Ukraine. The presence of T. rubens in Volyn, Zhytomyr, Cherkasy, and Kyiv regions is doubtful and not confirmed by recent data. Most localities of this species are known from Zakarpattia and Lviv regions.Three new localities were found in the Beregovo district of the Zakarpattia region in the foothills of the Volcanic Carpathians. The floristic compositions of the plant communities and ontogenetic structure of T. rubens populations in Beregovo and Mukachevo districts of the Zakarpattia region were investigated. Investigated populations are isolated with a dispersed disposition of plants on large areas. Trifolium rubens occurs here in meadow-steppe and meadow areas, on hillsides, and also participate in mesoxerophilous secondary (semi-natural) shrub communities in anthropogenically transformed areas. Often such populations are situated along pathways, on forest edges and fallow lands, and associated with ecotones of Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei class. All studied populations were incomplete with the domination of generative shoots.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PRECURSES AND SOWING DATE ON OVER-WINTERING AND WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY UNDER CHANGING REGIONAL CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Rezeda Sharipova ◽  
Robert Hakimov ◽  
Natal'ya Hakimova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Phase Form ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Viable Seeds

The research was carried out in order to determine the optimal time for sowing winter wheat according to various predecessors in the changing climate of Volga forest-steppe. The work was carried out in 2013–2019 in Ulyanovsk region on heavy loamy leached chernozem using conventional techniques. The experimental scheme provided for the study of two predecessors (peas and pure fallow) of winter soft wheat of Marafon variety, sown at 6 sowing dates with an interval of 10 days (from August 20 to October 10). The seeding rate for pure fallow is 5.0 million viable seeds per hectare, for peas - 5.5 million viable seeds per hectare. Average annual air temperature for 1961–2018 increased by 1.8°С. Its most significant increase was noted in the last twenty-five year period of time in the winter months. The increase in the frequency of extremely warm winters and temperature variability in the winter period significantly changed the conditions for overwintering winter crops. The danger of the development of wintering weeds, damping diseases, and soaking of winter crops has increased, and the conditions for overwintering pests have improved. It is possible to mitigate the danger of the natural and climatic vulnerability of crops during the wintering period by observing the optimal sowing dates, which should be postponed to a later period (7 ... 12 days), compared with the previously recommended ones. The optimal sowing period for winter wheat in Ulyanovsk region is from August 30 to September 10. Earlier crops are more intensively affected by diseases (powdery mildew and brown rust), and later crops, which have left in the winter in the germination phase, form a low density, form a small ear and provide low productivity or completely die

scholarly journals Novoilyinskaya culture sites of the Lower Kama region: current state of the research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Viktor Vladimirovich Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
Current State ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Clear Idea

The paper deals with the analysis of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites existed in the Lower Kama region between the Kama Neolithic culture collapse and the Copper Age cultures with porous (shell tempered) ceramics appearance. The analysis of the ceramic complex of the Novoilyinskaya culture shows its similarity with the comb ornamented pottery of the Kama Neolithic culture according to a number of indicators. A lack of clear data on stratigraphy and spatial distribution of finds as well as a small series of absolute dates do not give a clear idea of the formation time and the development of the Novoilyinskaya culture. Currently available data show that the Samara collar (Ivanovskaya) traditions disappeared until the last quarter of the 5th Millennium cal BC. Specific ceramics of the Neolithic-type shape is formed in the Lower Kama region. At the same time the Novoilyinskaya culture ceramics of the Ik and Belaya Rivers interfluve has some features which are the reminiscences of the Levshinskaya stage which are not characteristic for the Middle and Upper Kama region. These features are: thickening on the inner side of the rim; rows of pits and bulges (formed by pits imprinted from the inner side) under the rim; closed forms of the pots and an ornamentation - stepping comb impressions. The proximity of the ceramic complexes of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites to the Late Neolithic ceramics of the Kama culture as well as the radiocarbon dates and the absence of the metalworking evidences prove the functioning of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites of the Lower Kama region during the border of the Stone Age and the period of Early Metals. Another important question is - which southern components took part in the formation of the Novoilyinskaya type or influenced it. Researchers of the forest-steppe Copper Age cultures supposed that in the process of forest Copper Age cultures formation - the Garin and Bor cultures as well as the Middle Volga variant of the Volosovo culture - the Tok and even Altata elements took part. In our opinion, the influence of the Tok traditions is already clearly visible on the Novoilyinskaya culture ceramics. This conclusion is supported by the ⁴C dates which established the synchronicity of the Tok and Novoilyinskaya sites.

scholarly journals Regularities of the Growth of Pedunculate Oak (QUERCUS ROBUR L., 1753) in the Protective Plantings of the Steppe and Forest-steppe of the Volga Upland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyotr Nikolaevich Proezdov ◽  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Еskov ◽  
Dmitry Anatolyevich Mashtakov ◽  
Alexei Nikolaevich Avtonomov ◽  
Alexander Vladimirovich Rozanov
Keyword(s):  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Growth Intensity ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
Southern Chernozem ◽  
Protective Forest ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of the study is to establish the regularities of the growth of pedunculate Oak in protective forest stands on erosion-prone slopes in the conditions of the steppe and forest-steppe of the Volga Upland. Studies have established a regular decrease in the height of the petiolate oak on the southern chernozem and gray forest soil by 6.9-11.3% with an increase in the slope of the slope by 2 times, which is associated with a drop in soil fertility as a result of increased erosion. The index of oak growth intensity with an increase in the slope slope increases on both types of soils by 21.4-38.5%, and the productivity of cambium decreases by 14.1-23.6%. The same trends in the dynamics of taxation indicators are characteristic of the accompanying species of petiolate oak-holly maple and small-leaved linden. The coefficients of determination of the relationship of growth in the height of the pedunculate oak from the indicator of growth intensity and productivity of cambium are 0.95-0.98, which indicates a close interdependence.

scholarly journals Habitat Structure and Abundance Dynamics of Marmota bobak Müller, 1776 (Sciuridae, Mammalia) in the Saratov Region at the End of the 20th – Start of the 21st Centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 318-335
Author(s):  
I. A. Kondratenkov ◽  
M. L. Oparin ◽  
S. V. Sukhov ◽  
O. S. Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Population Peak ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Data Book ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Settlements

The paper presents data on the abundance of bobak marmot (Marmota bobak Müller, 1776), obtained from 1987 till 2019. All censuses were performed according to one technique developed by us in the late 1980s. During these long-term investigations, the structure of the bobak marmot areal in the Saratov region was studied. The dynamics of its numbers is described, and its trends for individual groups of districts were revealed, distinguished by trends, the time of the appearance of new settlements as a result of reintroduction after a prolonged depression in the numbers caused by both plowing of the steppes and the well-known events of the 1920s, 1930s and 1040s, when the bobak marmot provided the survival of some part of the population. It has been established that the population peak in the indigenous settlements that have been existing from the end of the Pleistocene – the beginning of the Holocene, was in 1980–1990. New settlements arise in the territories where the marmot was reintroduced, and the species abundance continues to grow. This, first of all, refers to the western slopes of the Volga Upland and the Oka-Don plain, formerly inhabited by marmots. An increase in the numbers of the Kazakhstan subspecies of the bobak is observed at the eastern end of the Syrt plain and on the spurs of the Common Syrt in the Saratov Trans-Volga region. The genetic studies of steppe marmots by R. V. Naumov (2019) on the right Volga bank of the Ulyanovsk region showed that a genetically homogeneous population lives on the vast territory of the Volga region. This casts doubt on the assumption of the existence of the Kozlovi subspecies of the bobak marmot in the local territories of the Voskresensk, Volsk and Khvalynsk districts of the Saratov region, which served as the ground for its inclusion into the new edition of the Red Data Book of the region, which we consider unreasonable (Resolution..., 2019).

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