scholarly journals A Humoral Recognition-Behavioral Stress-Coping Glycolipid Considered As another Biomarker of Psychotic Symptoms of Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Behavioral Stress ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Manic Patients

Background: Mammalians have the recognition-behavioral stress-coping system regulated via the neuronal modules followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid which promotes the serotonergic module, keeps physical strength by regulating emotional behaviors. GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid which promotes the adrenergic module, induces stress-coping behaviors. A sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid protects the cholinergic module maintaining stress-coping memories from the ischemic stress. Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid which promotes the dopaminergic module, integrates these recognition-behaviors. It is considered stresses are closely related to onset of schizophrenia, and the psychotic symptoms are not necessarily deleted after long-time medication. Schizophrenic patients might abnormally produce the humoral recognition-behavioral stress-coping glycolipids even under medication. Materials and Methods: I examined the humoral stress-coping glycolipids of medicated schizophrenic patients and those of medicated manic patients without psychotic symptoms for comparison. Results: The medicated manic patients increased sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid production. The medicated schizophrenic patients increased sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid production, and remarkably produced Sialalpha2- 3Gal-lipid. These indicate the manic patients and the schizophrenic patients had a stress to be coped with the serotonergic module activity, and psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenic patients would be induced via stress-coping Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid production. Conclusion: The stressors are not clear, however, I understood humoral Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid would be considered as another biomarker of psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Stress-Coping Humoral Glycolipids Produced by Mice Given Controlled Bathing Treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Masuda ◽  
Hiroto Narita ◽  
Hiroaki Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Behavioral Stress ◽  
Module System

Mammalians have recognition-behavioral stress-coping neuronal module system followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid promotes the serotonergic module regulating the emotional behaviors for not-wasting the physical strength; GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid promotes the adrenergic module inducing the behaviors escaping from the uneasy situation, and sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid protects the cholinergic module keeping the stressor-memory from the ischemia-stress. Mouse given bathing recognizes the stressors to be coped with in the treatment. We previously observed mouse given CO2-microbubble-bathing increased the behavior escaping from the bathing situation. Mouse given CO2-microbubble-bathing would recognize the other stressors to be coped with in the treatment. We examined stress-coping glycolipids produced by mice given controlled bathing treatments, and got the following results. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid production was increased by the acidic bathing condition and the dissolved CO2, GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid production was increased by the dissolved CO2, and sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid production was increased by the acidic bathing condition. We understood the mice treated with CO2-microbubble-bathing would recognize the acidic bathing condition and the dissolved CO2, but not the microbubble, as the other stressors to be coped.

scholarly journals Recognition-behavioral stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by medicated major psychoses patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Medication Effects ◽  
Behavioral Stress ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Background Mammalians have the recognition-behavioral stress-coping system regulated via the neuronal modules followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid promotes the serotonergic module. GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid promotes the adrenergic module. A Fucalpha1-2Glc-lipid protects the cholinergic module. Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid promotes the dopaminergic module. Methods Major psychoses patients show the emotional and recognition-behavioral symptoms, and long-time medication does not completely delete the symptoms. I examined the recognition-behavioral stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by medicated major psychoses patients. Results The major depression patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid and the sulfated Fucalpha1-2Glc-lipid, but deduced the GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid. The mania patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid. The schizophrenia patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid, and remarkably produced the Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid. Ruled out the medication-effects, the major depression patients decreased the serotonergic module function and the adrenergic module function, but increased the cholinergic module function. The mania patients increased the serotonergic module function and the adrenergic module function. The schizophrenia patients increased the serotonergic module function, and particularly increased the dopaminergic module function. Conclusion These suggest the stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by the patients corresponded to the symptoms. Furthermore, I understood the humoral Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid would be considered as another biomarker identifying schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Humoral Recognition-Behavioral Stress-Coping Glycolipids Produced By Mice Given Repeated Electroconvulsive Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Electroconvulsive Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Stress ◽  
Module System

Background: Stress-coping is a core event of mammalians. Depression symptoms are induced by the stress-coping failures. Repeated electroconvulsive treatment gives a strong stress to mammalians, however, the treatment has been used to improve depression symptoms. Mammalians have recognition-behavioral stress-coping neuronal module-system followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid promotes the serotonergic module. GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid promotes the adrenergic module. A sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid protects the cholinergic module keeping the stress-coping memories from the ischemia-stress. I hypothesized mammalians given repeated electroconvulsive treatment would produce these glycolipids, and would increase the stress-coping ability.Materials and Methods: I examined the glycolipid productions of mice given repeated electroconvulsive treatment under general-anesthesia.Results: I found mice only given the general-anesthesia produced sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid and GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid, and mice given the repeated electroconvulsive treatment under general-anesthesia further produced sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid and GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid, and increased sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid production. Conclusion: Depression symptoms are closely related to serotonergic and adrenergic module activities. I understood repeated electroconvulsive treatment would improve depression symptoms via the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid and GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid productions.

scholarly journals SOCIAL SKILL TRAINING PADA PENYANDANG SKIZOFRENIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita E. Dundu
Keyword(s):  
Social Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Key Words Schizophrenia ◽  
Social Skill Training ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Besides psychotic symptoms, schizophrenic patients also show alterations in cognitive function, verbal information, and emotional response, due to disturbances of interpersonal interaction. The impact of all of these is the disturbance in social function. Treatment of schizophrenic patients with psychopharmacotherapy can only suppress the symptoms, but it can not overcome the functional deficit. For this reason, combination of psychopharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and social rehabilitationin is introduced to obtain a better result in schizophrenic management. Social skill training is a part of the social rehabilitation that is very useful in improving the patients’ quality of life in preparing them to be functional in their society. Key words: schizophrenia, social rehabilitation, social skill training.  Abstrak: Pada penyandang skizofrenia selain gejala-gejala psikotik juga terdapat perubahan dalam fungsi kognisi, informasi verbal dan respon emosi akibat terganggunya interaksi interpersonal, yang berdampak gangguan dalam fungsi sosial. Pengobatan skizofrenia dengan menggunakan psikofarmaka hanya dapat menekan gejala-gejala penyakit ini tetapi tidak dapat mengatasi defisit fungsional. Untuk hal ini, pada pengobatan skizofrenia terkini digunakan kombinasi psikofarmaka, psikoterapi dan rehabilitasi sosial. Social skill training merupakan salah satu bagian dari rehabilitasi sosial yang bermanfaat meningkatkan kwalitas hidup dalam mempersiapkan penyandang skizofrenia  untuk dapat berfungsi kembali dalam masyarakat. Kata kunci: skizofrenia, rehabilitasi sosial, social skill training.

New dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic theories in schizophrenia and their therapeutic impact

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
R.S. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
Influential Theory

The dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia, postulating that schizophrenia is characterized by increased dopamine function, has been the most influential theory on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. It has recently been revised based on the appreciation that the core symptoms of schizophrenia may not be the positive (psychotic) symptoms, but rather the negative symptoms and the cognitive deficits found in schizophrenic patients. This revision has prompted the hypothesis that schizophrenia is characterized by both decreased prefrontal dopamine activity (causing deficit symptoms) and increased dopamine activity in mesolimbic dopamine neurons (causing positive symptoms).Notwithstanding this revision of a role for dopamine in schizophrenia, it has become increasingly evident that dysfunction of other monoaminergic systems may be as important in contributing to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Specifically, the putative role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in schizophrenia is gaining considerable attention. Several observations, such as the ability of the 5-HT antagonist, ritanserin, to alleviate schizophrenic symptoms and, when added to haloperidol (Haldol®), to decrease its extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS), have stimulated studies into a role of 5-HT in schizophrenia. The finding that clozapine (Leponex®), clinically superior to conventional neuroleptics, is a weak DA2 antagonist but a potent 5-HT1c and 5-HT2 antagonist has further stimulated 5-HT-related research in schizophrenia.

Acute Dystonic Reactions Complicated by Psychotic Phenomena

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thornton ◽  
P. J. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Muscle Spasms ◽  
The Relationship

Four schizophrenic patients are reported in whom the acute development of dystonic muscle spasms, usually involving gaze deviation, was accompanied by the exacerbation or appearance of psychotic symptoms. In all cases the relationship between the neurological and psychiatric phenomena was close, and sometimes the presentation was bizarre or dramatic. The similarity of these states to the complex neuropsychiatric disturbances seen in post-encephalitic Parkinsonism is emphasised.

Electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia – where do we stand?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s262-s263
Author(s):  
J. Silva ◽  
J. Mota ◽  
P. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Drug Intolerance ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Nice Guidance ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy is currently used in the management of severe depression, long-term mania and catatonia. Regarding schizophrenia-related psychosis ECT is also an option, but the indication is restrictive to severe cases, drug intolerance or resistant ones. Lack of evidence of cost-effectiveness compared to clozapine, and side effects of ECT techniques before 2003, influenced NICE guidance to not recommend ECT in schizophrenia, but modern ECT machines and procedures are subsequent to 2003. ECT is often performed when clozapine fails to respond in monotherapy or if there is intolerance to antipsychotic side effects. ECT in combination with clozapine seems to have significant results allowing the patients to achieve rapid control of psychotic symptoms with fewer side effects, comparing with antipsychotics-association strategies.ObjectivesTo summarized the latest literature about this field and to present recent data from the Electrovulsivetherapy Unit, in Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Portugal.AimTo explore and critically review the controversies of electroconvulsive therapy in the management of drug-resistant schizophrenia.MethodsRetrospective data of an Electroconvulsive Therapy Unit during 2006–2015 was review.Results198 ECT treatments in schizophrenic patients were performed in our unit, during 2006–2007, in a total of 647 ECT (30,6%). In 2014–2015, 945 schizophrenic patients received ECT treatment, in a total of 2149 performed ECT (43,9%).ConclusionsAlthough guidelines are crucial for the uniform practice of medicine, sometimes is important to be critical about them. The use of ECT in schizophrenia is safe and effective and further research is needed to continue to support this treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychopathology and personality traits in psychotic patients and their first-degree relatives

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Cortés ◽  
J. Valero ◽  
J.A. Gutiérrez-Zotes ◽  
A. Hernández ◽  
L. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Self Transcendence

AbstractPersonality dimensions have been associated with symptoms dimensions in schizophrenic patients (SP). In this paper we study the relationships between symptoms of functional psychoses and personality dimensions in SP and their first-degree relatives (SR), in other psychotic patients (PP) and their first-degree relatives (PR), and in healthy controls in order to evaluate the possible clinical dimensionality of these disorders. Twenty-nine SP, 29 SR, 18 PP, 18 PR and 188 controls were assessed using the temperament and character inventory (TCI-R). Current symptoms were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) using the five-factor model described previously (positive [PF], negative [NF], disorganized [DF], excitement [EF] and anxiety/depression [ADF]). Our TCI-R results showed that patients had different personality dimensions from the control group, but in relatives, these scores were not different from controls. With regard to symptomatology, we highlight the relations observed between harm avoidance (HA) and PANSS NF, and between self-transcendence (ST) and PANSS PF. From a personality traits-genetic factors point of view, schizophrenia and other psychosis may be initially differentiated by temperamental traits such as HA. The so-called characterial traits like ST would be associated with the appearance of psychotic symptoms.

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