Effects of sulpiride and chlorpromazine on autistic and positive psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients ?relationship to drug concentrations

1985 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Alfredsson ◽  
C. H�rnryd ◽  
F.-A. Wiesel
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

scholarly journals SOCIAL SKILL TRAINING PADA PENYANDANG SKIZOFRENIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita E. Dundu
Keyword(s):  
Social Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Key Words Schizophrenia ◽  
Social Skill Training ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Besides psychotic symptoms, schizophrenic patients also show alterations in cognitive function, verbal information, and emotional response, due to disturbances of interpersonal interaction. The impact of all of these is the disturbance in social function. Treatment of schizophrenic patients with psychopharmacotherapy can only suppress the symptoms, but it can not overcome the functional deficit. For this reason, combination of psychopharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and social rehabilitationin is introduced to obtain a better result in schizophrenic management. Social skill training is a part of the social rehabilitation that is very useful in improving the patients’ quality of life in preparing them to be functional in their society. Key words: schizophrenia, social rehabilitation, social skill training.  Abstrak: Pada penyandang skizofrenia selain gejala-gejala psikotik juga terdapat perubahan dalam fungsi kognisi, informasi verbal dan respon emosi akibat terganggunya interaksi interpersonal, yang berdampak gangguan dalam fungsi sosial. Pengobatan skizofrenia dengan menggunakan psikofarmaka hanya dapat menekan gejala-gejala penyakit ini tetapi tidak dapat mengatasi defisit fungsional. Untuk hal ini, pada pengobatan skizofrenia terkini digunakan kombinasi psikofarmaka, psikoterapi dan rehabilitasi sosial. Social skill training merupakan salah satu bagian dari rehabilitasi sosial yang bermanfaat meningkatkan kwalitas hidup dalam mempersiapkan penyandang skizofrenia  untuk dapat berfungsi kembali dalam masyarakat. Kata kunci: skizofrenia, rehabilitasi sosial, social skill training.

New dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic theories in schizophrenia and their therapeutic impact

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
R.S. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
Influential Theory

The dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia, postulating that schizophrenia is characterized by increased dopamine function, has been the most influential theory on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. It has recently been revised based on the appreciation that the core symptoms of schizophrenia may not be the positive (psychotic) symptoms, but rather the negative symptoms and the cognitive deficits found in schizophrenic patients. This revision has prompted the hypothesis that schizophrenia is characterized by both decreased prefrontal dopamine activity (causing deficit symptoms) and increased dopamine activity in mesolimbic dopamine neurons (causing positive symptoms).Notwithstanding this revision of a role for dopamine in schizophrenia, it has become increasingly evident that dysfunction of other monoaminergic systems may be as important in contributing to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Specifically, the putative role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in schizophrenia is gaining considerable attention. Several observations, such as the ability of the 5-HT antagonist, ritanserin, to alleviate schizophrenic symptoms and, when added to haloperidol (Haldol®), to decrease its extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS), have stimulated studies into a role of 5-HT in schizophrenia. The finding that clozapine (Leponex®), clinically superior to conventional neuroleptics, is a weak DA2 antagonist but a potent 5-HT1c and 5-HT2 antagonist has further stimulated 5-HT-related research in schizophrenia.

Acute Dystonic Reactions Complicated by Psychotic Phenomena

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thornton ◽  
P. J. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Muscle Spasms ◽  
The Relationship

Four schizophrenic patients are reported in whom the acute development of dystonic muscle spasms, usually involving gaze deviation, was accompanied by the exacerbation or appearance of psychotic symptoms. In all cases the relationship between the neurological and psychiatric phenomena was close, and sometimes the presentation was bizarre or dramatic. The similarity of these states to the complex neuropsychiatric disturbances seen in post-encephalitic Parkinsonism is emphasised.

Electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia – where do we stand?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s262-s263
Author(s):  
J. Silva ◽  
J. Mota ◽  
P. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Drug Intolerance ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Nice Guidance ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy is currently used in the management of severe depression, long-term mania and catatonia. Regarding schizophrenia-related psychosis ECT is also an option, but the indication is restrictive to severe cases, drug intolerance or resistant ones. Lack of evidence of cost-effectiveness compared to clozapine, and side effects of ECT techniques before 2003, influenced NICE guidance to not recommend ECT in schizophrenia, but modern ECT machines and procedures are subsequent to 2003. ECT is often performed when clozapine fails to respond in monotherapy or if there is intolerance to antipsychotic side effects. ECT in combination with clozapine seems to have significant results allowing the patients to achieve rapid control of psychotic symptoms with fewer side effects, comparing with antipsychotics-association strategies.ObjectivesTo summarized the latest literature about this field and to present recent data from the Electrovulsivetherapy Unit, in Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Portugal.AimTo explore and critically review the controversies of electroconvulsive therapy in the management of drug-resistant schizophrenia.MethodsRetrospective data of an Electroconvulsive Therapy Unit during 2006–2015 was review.Results198 ECT treatments in schizophrenic patients were performed in our unit, during 2006–2007, in a total of 647 ECT (30,6%). In 2014–2015, 945 schizophrenic patients received ECT treatment, in a total of 2149 performed ECT (43,9%).ConclusionsAlthough guidelines are crucial for the uniform practice of medicine, sometimes is important to be critical about them. The use of ECT in schizophrenia is safe and effective and further research is needed to continue to support this treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychopathology and personality traits in psychotic patients and their first-degree relatives

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Cortés ◽  
J. Valero ◽  
J.A. Gutiérrez-Zotes ◽  
A. Hernández ◽  
L. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Self Transcendence

AbstractPersonality dimensions have been associated with symptoms dimensions in schizophrenic patients (SP). In this paper we study the relationships between symptoms of functional psychoses and personality dimensions in SP and their first-degree relatives (SR), in other psychotic patients (PP) and their first-degree relatives (PR), and in healthy controls in order to evaluate the possible clinical dimensionality of these disorders. Twenty-nine SP, 29 SR, 18 PP, 18 PR and 188 controls were assessed using the temperament and character inventory (TCI-R). Current symptoms were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) using the five-factor model described previously (positive [PF], negative [NF], disorganized [DF], excitement [EF] and anxiety/depression [ADF]). Our TCI-R results showed that patients had different personality dimensions from the control group, but in relatives, these scores were not different from controls. With regard to symptomatology, we highlight the relations observed between harm avoidance (HA) and PANSS NF, and between self-transcendence (ST) and PANSS PF. From a personality traits-genetic factors point of view, schizophrenia and other psychosis may be initially differentiated by temperamental traits such as HA. The so-called characterial traits like ST would be associated with the appearance of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Combined Parietal-Insular-Striatal Cortex Stroke with New-Onset Hallucinations: Supporting the Salience Network Model of Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Saheba Nanda ◽  
Krishna Priya ◽  
Tasmia Khan ◽  
Puja Patel ◽  
Heela Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Integration ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cortical Circuit ◽  
The Brain ◽  
New Onset

Brain imaging studies have identified multiple neuronal networks and circuits in the brain with altered functioning in patients with schizophrenia. These include the hippocampo-cerebello-cortical circuit, the prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuit, functional integration in the bilateral caudate nucleus, and the salience network consisting of the insular cortex, parietal anterior cingulate cortex, and striatum, as well as limbic structures. Attributing psychotic symptoms to any of these networks in schizophrenia is confounded by the disruption of these networks in schizophrenic patients. Such attribution can be done with isolated dysfunction in any of these networks with concurrent psychotic symptoms. We present the case of a patient who presents with new-onset hallucinations and a stroke in brain regions similar to the salience network (insular cortex, parietal cortex, and striatum). The implication of these findings in isolating psychotic symptoms of the salience network is discussed.

scholarly journals Clozapine and desmethylclozapine: correlation with neutrophils and leucocytes counting in Mexican patients with schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayela Vaquero-Baez ◽  
Araceli Díaz-Ruíz ◽  
Luis Tristán-López ◽  
Carlos Aviña-Cervantes ◽  
Carlos Torner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Ultraviolet Detector ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Blood Neutrophils ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract Purpose The aim of present study is to measure plasma clozapine (CLZ) and N-desmethyl clozapine (DMC) as biomarkers to correlate drug concentrations with the appearance of preclinical adverse hematic effects. Methods A high-performance liquid chromatographic method, using a diode-array (ultraviolet) detector, was validated to obtain reliable concentrations of CLZ and DMC, its main metabolite, in plasma of 41 schizophrenic patients taking CLZ. Blood neutrophils and leucocytes counting were concurrently assessed as a proxy to subclinical adverse reactions. Results The analytical method employed was linear, reproducible, and stable to measure concentrations of CLZ between 30 and 1000 ng/mL, while 12.5–560 ng/mL of the metabolite. The method allowed us to correlate CLZ plasma concentrations, the time taking CLZ and CLZ dose as determinants of neutrophils’ counting with a R2 = 0.447, using a multiple regression analysis model. Likewise, the correlation of leucocyte counting vs CLZ plasma levels and CLZ time, showed a R2 = 0.461. DMC correlated significantly with both neutrophils and leucocytes counting, but was excluded from the regression when CLZ concentration was included in the model. Finally, no other hematological adverse reactions were recorded. One patient presented a cardiovascular complication. The negative correlation between clozapine and neutrophil count observed in patients, suggest that CLZ itself, but not DMC, could be related to hematologic side-effects. Conclusion The findings of this study, demonstrate for the first time, that plasma levels of CLZ and time taking the drug are independent determinants of blood neutrophils and leucocytes, so the monitoring of plasma CLZ may be useful in the clinic practice to determine safe dosing of the drug.

Association study of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 gene in schizophrenia and its clinical features in chinese han population

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1535-1535
Author(s):  
C. Zhang ◽  
Z.Z. Li ◽  
Y. Shao ◽  
Y.R. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 ◽  
Functional Polymorphisms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental illness which is characterized by the development of various detrimental clinical features, and its etiology still remains unknown. Based on the evidence from neurobiological and pharmacological research, dysfunctions in central serotonergic transmission may be involved in the development of schizophrenia. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), a newly identified isoform of tryptophan hydroxylase (the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin), regulates the brain-specific serotonin synthesis.ObjectivesTo further clarify the role of TPH2 in the development of schizophrenia.AimWe performed a case-control study to examine the association of the TPH2 gene with schizophrenia and its clinical features.MethodsWe genotyped three putative functional polymorphisms (rs4570625, rs7305115 and rs4290270) within the gene and carried out a case-control study consisting of 304 schizophrenia patients and 362 healthy subjects. The severity of psychotic symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).ResultsThe frequencies of genotypes and alleles of rs4570625, rs7305115 and rs4290270 did not differ significantly between schizophrenic patients and controls. However, the PANSS positive symptom subcore was significantly associated with rs4570625 (P = 0.022).ConclusionThese results suggest that rs4570625 of TPH2 may play an important role in the development of positive symptoms in Han Chinese schizophrenic patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document