Shidu women—the historical, cultural, personality characteristics of their grief psychodynamic

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Jia Xiaoming ◽  
Yang Nan

Shidu women are mothers who have lost their only child and no longer have the chance to have another child. Most of them, born in the 1950s and 1960s, have experienced important historical events and social changes in recent decades of China. Through the case studies of several Shidu women, it is found that their grief process after losing the only child not only displays general characteristics of grief, but also presents specific historical, cultural, and personal characteristics: they suffered individual, family, and historical trauma after experiencing major social events, at the same time gaining post-traumatic growth and resilience. They received more care from relatives after losing their only child. We found qualities of traditional Chinese women that can bear hardships, be hard-working and tolerant, and demonstrate character of self-esteem and self-reliance, feminine characteristics that are good at expressing emotion and seeking help, and the personality characteristic of altruism. We show the historical, cultural, and personal characteristics that have formed the grief psychodynamic of Shidu women.

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-175
Author(s):  
V. І. Osodlo ◽  
D. S. Zubovskyi

The article presents the empirical study of individual psychological factors helping post-traumatic growth among military personnel - participants of the anti-terrorist operation (ATO). The sample consisted of 297 ATO participants (278 men and 19 women) of 19 to 54 year old. The following individual psychological factors examined to reveal their influence on ATO participants’ post-traumatic growth: basic personal characteristics; dispositional optimism; coping strategies; locus of control. The obtained data allowed us to determine the dependence of post-traumatic growth on ATO participants' several personal characteristics, dispositional optimism, the internal locus of control and some coping strategies. In particular, the overall post-traumatic growth correlated significantly with such personal characteristics as “benevolence” and “diligence”. We also found that factor 1 (“changes in self-perception / new opportunities”) of post-traumatic growth correlated statistically significantly with the “Open-mindedness”; factor 2 (“interpersonal relationships”) of post-traumatic growth correlated significantly “benevolence”; factor 3 (“life philosophy”) of post-traumatic growth correlated significantly with such personal characteristics as “extraversion”, “kindness”, and “diligence”. In addition, there were positives correlation of optimism in general with post-traumatic growth as a whole and with some its indicators. Only one coping strategy - a positive reassessment - correlated statistically significant with combatants’ post-traumatic growth. The correlations determined in our study are consistent with the results obtained at foreign studies.


1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1181-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Vaux

An enormous body of research on social support has been generated over the last decade, but this work has largely ignored personal characteristics that influence the utilization of support networks. The Network Orientation Scale is a self-report measure of negative network orientation—the perspective that it is inadvisable, useless, or risky to seek help from others. In this paper, factor analyses were performed on data from 48 women and 32 men in college. Three meaningful factors emerged, reflecting independence (and norms regarding help-seeking), help-seeking history, and mistrust.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1674-1683
Author(s):  
Jianxia Zhai ◽  
Jennifer M. Weller-Newton ◽  
Kaori Shimoinaba ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Beverley Copnell

This purpose of the study was to construct a model (theory) to understand Chinese women’s adjustment process in living with breast cancer. A constructivist grounded theory method was adopted in this study. A total of 24 women were recruited through purposive and theoretical sampling. Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were undertaken in Chinese and transcribed. Initial coding, focused coding, and theoretical coding approaches were used to identify subcategories and categories, and to construct the emergent theory. The basic social process these women used to deal with the breast cancer diagnosis was identified as: Emerging from the ‘ku’: Fluctuating in adjusting with breast cancer. Four categories were revealed following analysis: confronting challenges, orienting to reality, accommodating the illness, and transforming their lives, which encapsulated the main cognitive and emotional processes in which Chinese women engaged in their adjustment to living with their illness. The core process was influenced by a variety of contextual influences, which were identified as personal factors, social-environmental factors, and some specific cultural factors which emphasized positive changes. Chinese cultural values such as “Wuwei” coping strategies, familial primacy, and Chinese self-disclosure contribute to Chinese women’s adjustment processes and post-traumatic growth experiences. Hence, there is a need to consider Chinese cultural features, in designing culturally tailored supportive programs in multi-cultural clinical settings.


2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-253
Author(s):  
Daryl R. Ireland

The Chinese evangelist John Sung ignited numerous revivals throughout Southeast Asia in the 1930s. As the catalyst, Sung has received extensive attention. Less has been written on the people whose lives were redirected by his evangelistic campaigns, yet they were the ones who turned Sung's preaching events into popular spiritual movements, perpetuating and extending the revival across the region. This study focuses on the evangelistic teams organised in Singapore before Sung's departure in 1935. These teams created a new social space for Chinese women, offering them a new community, a satisfying spirituality and divine sanction to explore contentious gender roles. As they spread across the island, evangelistic teams embodied a new way of life that, for a time, made Christian women the vanguard of modernity. Female evangelistic teams attracted others who also wanted to create a meaningful identity in the midst of rapid social changes.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyun Bi ◽  
Huaning Wang ◽  
Guitao Yang ◽  
Cailin Zhu

Abstract Objective: Even though the prevalence of benefit finding (BF) has been empirically shown to exist among breast cancer (BC) survivals, how does benefit finding evolve over time remains inadequately investigated. This objective of this study is to examine how BF evolves over time among Chinese breast cancer survivals and determine the demographic, medical and psychosocial factors that can sustain BF increase over time, thus bring about higher level of long-term post-traumatic growth among breast cancer survivals. Methods: Participants were 486 women with different stages of breast cancer (stages I, II and III) followed from completion of primary treatment. Analysis were performed on the data collected at the 3-year assessment during 2014-2019. Participants completed self-report questionnaires of characteristics and benefit finding at six time points with the interval of six months since BC diagnosis. The relationships between demographic, medical and psychosocial characteristics and benefit finding evolution over time were examined using mixed models. Results: Participants reported mixed results on the evolving patterns of benefit finding: 28% reported an upward trend in BF scoring over time, 49% instead reported an downward trend, and the remaining 23% reported no obvious change. Our study has shown that some well-known covariates of benefit finding, e.g. education, income, and social support, are not associated with BF trends. In comparison, levels of spirituality and disease coping at diagnosis can more reliably predict BF evolution over time. Our results strongly indicate that benefit finding can be sustained and increased by encouraging attempts at meaning-making and active disease coping during breast cancer treatment. To our knowledge, this study is among the first to examine trends of benefit finding evolution over time on breast cancer survivals and determine their psychosocial predictors in developing countries. Conclusion: Identifying the sustaining factors of benefit finding in the experience of breast cancer is the key to design psycho clinical solutions for patients’ long-term post-traumatic growth. As time goes by, cancer patients may experience less benefit finding. However, active disease coping and meaning-making by patients can effectively counter this undesired trend and boost their higher long-term post-traumatic growth.


Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.В. ФЕДОСОВА

В данной статье рассматриваются нарративные тексты родственников людей, пропавших без вести в ходе вооруженной фазы осетино-ингушского противостояния в 1992 г. Республика Северная Осетия-Алания – это один из 7 субъектов СКФО, которому уже на начальных этапах постсоветского периода пришлось столкнуться с множественными и разнообразными формами насилия, впоследствии вылившихся в посттравматический синдром, характерный для большого количества жителей РСО-Алания. К сожалению, в силу объективных и иных обстоятельств, проблемы людей с посттравматическим синдромом не стали предметом исследования ни практикующих психологов, ни предметом исследования в рамках научного дискурса. В предлагаемой статье автор впервые, на основе научной методологии, пытается сформулировать основные подходы к изучению проблем данной категории людей. В качестве объекта исследования выступают родственники людей, пропавших без вести в результате осетино-ингушского противостояния в 1992 г. По результатам анализа нарративных текстов, выполненных в рамках качественной парадигмы социологии, можно утверждать, что помимо личностных характеристик, стимулирующих выход индивида из посттравматического состояния, существует целый комплекс социокультурных механизмов, влияющих на посттравматический рост у лиц, находившихся длительное время в травматической ситуации. В своем исследовании особенностей проживания посттравматической ситуации у родственников лиц, пропавших без вести в ходе вооруженного противостояния 1992 г., мы опирались на концепты экзистенциальной философии и качественные методы социологии, так как, на наш взгляд, именно данное сочетание предлагаемых концептов и методов позволяет дать исчерпывающие ответы на поведение человека, находящегося длительное время в ситуации посттравматического синдрома. This article touches upon the narrative texts of the relatives of the people who were reported missing during the armed phase of the Ossetian-Ingush confrontation in 1992. The Republic of the North Ossetia-Alania is one of 7 subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District, which at the initial stages of the post-Soviet period had to face multiple and varied forms of violence, which subsequently resulted in the post-traumatic syndrome characteristic of a large number of residents of the North Ossetia-Alania. Unfortunately, due to objective and other circumstances, the problems of people with post-traumatic syndrome have not become the subject of research either by practicing psychologists nor they have become the subject of research within the framework of scientific discourse. In this article, the author for the first time, on the basis of scientific methodology, tries to formulate the main approaches to studying the problems of this category of people. The object of the research is the relatives of people who disappeared as a result of the Ossetian-Ingush confrontation in 1992. Based on the results of the analysis of narrative texts, performed within the framework of the qualitative paradigm of sociology, it can be argued that, in addition to the personal characteristics that stimulate an individual's overcoming the post-traumatic state, there is a whole complex of socio-cultural mechanisms that affect post-traumatic growth in persons who have been in a traumatic situation for a long time. In our study of the peculiarities of living a post-traumatic situation with relatives who disappeared during the 1992 armed confrontation, we relied on the concepts of existential philosophy and qualitative methods of sociology, since, in our opinion, it is this combination of the proposed concepts and methods that makes it possible to give exhaustive responses to the behavior of a person who has been exposed to the situation of post-traumatic syndrome for a long time


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Sadaf Alamdar ◽  
Yuqing Zhang

Millions of people are affected by the natural disasters in different regions of world. Survivors often witnesses prolong psychological distress by the death of loved one, damage of property, injuries and shortage of basic need. However, individual differences occur in their struggle with trauma, they also manifest positive change which is known as Post traumatic growth (Kleim & Ehlers, 2009). This growth can occur in both male and female survivors, findings of researches are inconsistent. Help seeking behaviour refers to person’s communication to seek guidance and support for treatment either formally from the professionals or informally. Researches on HSB show few trends. Young people and female seek help informally before they ask for the formal help whereas male try to avoid seek help at first (Benson, 1990; Offer, Howard, Schonert, & Ostrov, 1991; Rickwood & Braithwaite, 1994). As per authors knowledge there is no published study available on gender role in help seeking behavior and PTG in natural disaster. The purpose to conduct this review article is to fill this gap in the literature. Furthermore, this will determine a role gender can play when seeking help and developing PTG and will help professionals to make treatment plans for different genders according to their needs.  


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