scholarly journals Bioactive Titanium-Hydroxyapatite Composites by Powder Metallurgy Route

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 5375-5383
Keyword(s):  
Healing Rate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Tissue Interactions ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
Energy Ball

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have become the most promising biomaterials due to their low elastic modulus, high corrosion resistance, and relatively long-lasting ability in a physiological environment. Bioactive implants enhance the tissue interactions at the surface of the implants and promote a higher healing rate. However, titanium exhibits bio-inert nature. Hence in the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA), a well-known bioceramic, has been selected to disperse into Ti with an aim to develop bioactive Ti-based implants. Ti-HA composites with 5% and 10% HA were successfully produced by high-energy ball milling for 20 h followed by sintering (at 850 °C). Fine-grained composites were successfully produced and were found to be free from any impurities. The composites were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 4 weeks to investigate the in vitro bioactivity. From the XRD studies and scanning electron microscope observations, the presence of HA in the composite enhanced the bioactivity as reflected with higher Ca/P mineral phases on the surface of the composites compared with pure Ti substrate. From the results, it can be concluded that the bioactive nature of Ti can be enhanced by reinforcing HA to manufacture medical implants with a higher healing rate.

The Production of Ultra Fine Grained Al-SiCpComposites Produced via High Energy Ball Milling

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Özdemir ◽  
Sascha Ahrens ◽  
Silke Mücklich ◽  
Bernhard Wielage
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Energy Ball

scholarly journals Synthesis, structural and biomedical characterization of hydroxyapatite/borosilicate bioactive glass nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Abulyazied ◽  
Asma Alturki ◽  
Rasha Youness ◽  
H. Abomostafa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball

Abstract In this work, a borosilicate glass sample (5SiO2-45B2O3-20Na2O-25CaO-5Ag2O) was added to nano-sized carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) powders with different contents up to 20 wt.% to improve the bioactivity, antibacterial effect, physical and mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Then, these samples were mixed, milled with a high-energy ball mill, sintered at 700°C and subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine their structure, chemical composition and microstructure, respectively. Furthermore, the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered nanocomposites were also measured. Moreover, the in vitro bioactivity of the prepared nanocomposites was examined with XRD and SEM. Additionally, the antibacterial behavior of these samples was tested against E. coli and S. aureus by the disc-diffusion method. The results obtained pointed out that the sample with the highest content of BG possessed the best bioactivity, antibacterial effect, physical and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals A Study To Evaluate The Bioactivity Behavior And Electrical Properties of Hydroxyapatite/Ag2O-Borosilicate Glass Nanocomposites For Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma M. Alturki ◽  
Dalia E. Abulyazied ◽  
Mohammed Taha ◽  
H. M. Abomostafa ◽  
Rasha A. Youness
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball

Abstract The aim of this work is to prepare nanocomposites with excellent bioactivity and appropriate mechanical properties. In this regard, the nanocomposites, with different contents of borosilicate glass (BG) and carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), were mixed and milled using a high-energy ball mill. Then, these milled powders were subjected to sintering at 750 ºC. In order to examine their phase composition, molecular structure and microstructure, X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively were used. Moreover, the DC electrical conductivity, and physical and mechanical properties of the prepared nanocomposites were also measured. In addition, the in vitro bioactivity of the sintered samples was evaluated using XRD and SEM. Unexpectedly; the results indicated that the successive increase in BG contents promoted the partial decomposition of CHA molecules at this lower sintering temperature. Also, it was responsible for the enhanced bioactivity behavior along with giving CHA better mechanical properties. However, the electrical conductivity of the examined samples exhibited an opposite trend where it decreased significantly with increasing BG content. According to the results obtained, the prepared samples are suitable for use in various biomedical applications.

Intrinsic atomic interaction at molecular proximal vicinity infer cellular biocompatibility of antibacterial nanopepper

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-322
Author(s):  
Ealisha Jha ◽  
Pritam Kumar Panda ◽  
Paritosh Patel ◽  
Puja Kumari ◽  
Swabhiman Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Atomic Interaction ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Colon Cells ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Milling Method ◽  
Energy Ball

Aim: Fabrication of nanopepper (NP) for antibacterial application and elucidation of its molecular and cellular biocompatibility. Materials & methods: Synthesis of NP was achieved using a high-energy ball milling method. Following characterization, its antibacterial activity and cellular and molecular biocompatibility were evaluated in vitro by experimental and computational approaches. Results: A total of 15 h of milling pepper produced NP with a size of 44 ± 12 nm and zeta potential of -22 ± 12 mV. Bulk pepper and NP showed antibacterial activity and an LC50 of 1.9 μM and 2.1 μM in HCT116 colon cells. Components of pepper, piperine and β-caryophyllene were found to interact with superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] and apoptotic protease-activating factor-1-caspase-9 through different amino acids via H-bonds. Conclusion: NP exhibits significant antibacterial activity with cellular biocompatibility due to intrinsic atomic interaction. Aim: Fabrication of nanopepper (NP) for antibacterial application and elucidation of its molecular and cellular biocompatibility. Materials & methods: Synthesis of NP was achieved using a high-energy ball milling method. Following characterization, its antibacterial activity and cellular and molecular biocompatibility were evaluated in vitro by experimental and computational approaches. Results: A total of 15 h of milling pepper produced NP with a size of 44 ± 12 nm and zeta potential of -22 ± 12 mV. Bulk pepper and NP showed antibacterial activity and an LC50 of 1.9 μM and 2.1 μM in HCT116 colon cells. Components of pepper, piperine and β-caryophyllene were found to interact with superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] and apoptotic protease-activating factor-1-caspase-9 through different amino acids via H-bonds. Conclusion: NP exhibits significant antibacterial activity with cellular biocompatibility due to intrinsic atomic interaction.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF CREAMS FORMULATION CONTAINING SPIRULINA (ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS) EXTRACT AND ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
ERINDYAH RETNO WIKANTYASNING ◽  
KARTIKA FIDI ASTUTI ◽  
ULIL FIKRI NURHAKIMAH ◽  
RAMADHANI DWI SULA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Ball Milling Technique ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The aims of this study are to formulate creams containing combination of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) extract and zinc oxidenanoparticles using glycerol and propylene glycol as humectants and to evaluate their physical characteristics and in vitro antioxidant activity.Methods: Spirulina was extracted by maceration method using methanol as solvent. The high energy ball milling technique was used to obtain zincoxide nanoparticles. Creams were prepared in five formulas with the variations in the concentration of glycerol and propylene glycol. The physicalcharacteristics of creams were evaluated including pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity. The optimization was conducted by Simplex LatticeDesign (SLD) method using Design-Expert software. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH method.Results: The extraction resulted spirulina extract with a yield of 13.57%. The particle size of the ZnO nanoparticles obtained was 143.4±0.364 nm,with the polydispersity index of 0.177. Optimum formula of cream was obtained with the concentration of glycerol and propylene glycol was 12.9and 17.1%, respectively. The spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, and pH of the optimized cream were 12.73±0.16 cm2, 1.47±0.12 s, 126.67±5.77dPas, and 7.11±0.04, respectively. Cream containing spirulina extract and ZnO nanoparticles showed in vitro antioxidant activity with the IC50 valueof 59.47±6.34 ppm.Conclusion: Cream, containing spirulina and ZnO nanoparticles, was successfully prepared using glycerol and propylene glycol as humectant andshowed very strong antioxidant activity in vitro.

Preparation of Cu–Y–Ba alloys by mechanical alloying

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1802-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Batalla ◽  
E. G. Zwartz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Energy Ball

Preliminary results of producing Cu–Y–Ba metallic precursors to high Tc superconductors by high energy ball milling are reported. Mechanical alloying of Cu, Y, and Ba powders (various stoichiometries) produced either amorphous, mixed crystalline/amorphous, or fine grained crystalline powders, as shown by their x-ray spectra. None of the powders exhibited flux exclusion down to a temperature of 1.4 K. The YBa2Cu3 precursor consisted of a mixture of crystalline phases. After being pressed into a pellet and sintered, it was found to be superconducting at liquid nitrogen temperatures.

scholarly journals Evidence for self-sustained MoSi2 formation during room-temperature high-energy ball milling of elemental powders

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1836-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ma ◽  
J. Pagán ◽  
G. Cranford ◽  
M. Atzmon
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
High Temperature Reactions ◽  
Thin Film Diffusion

We present evidence indicating that rapid, self-sustained, high-temperature reactions play an important role in the formation of tetragonal MoSi2 during room-temperature high-energy ball milling of elemental powders. Such reactions appear to be ignited by mechanical impact in an intimate, fine-grained, Mo–Si physical mixture formed after an initial milling period. Under certain conditions, limited propagation of self-sustained reactions in these uncompacted powder mixtures renders the compound formation seemingly gradual in bulk-averaged analysis. It is suggested that this type of reaction is an important mechanism in the mechanical alloying of highly exothermic systems. Results are discussed in comparison with similar reactions we observed in ball-milled Al–Ni powders, with self-sustained combustion synthesis previously reported for Mo–Si powders, and with interfacial diffusional reactions in Mo–Si powders or thin-film diffusion couples.

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