scholarly journals Secondary Metabolite and Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Syzygium aqueum Leaves Stalk

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 7584-7595
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Surface Sterilization

Medicinal plants are a promising host for endophytic fungi to produce secondary metabolites relevant for food and health. In this study, we evaluate antioxidant activity to determine the species of endophytic fungi isolated from Syzygium aqueum. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf stalks through surface sterilization. The fungi’s isolate was identified with morphology and molecular analysis (ITS-rDNA). The pure fungi strain was cultivated on PDB media for 4 weeks, and metabolites were extracted using ethyl acetate. The crude extract of endophytic fungi was examined for its antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The pure compound was isolated using the chromatography method, and its structure was determined using spectroscopy analysis involving NMR 1D and 2D. In total, four obtained endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf stalks. The fungi with good antioxidant activity (IC50 59.2 µg/mL) were identified as Beltrania rhombica. The characteristics of the pure compound are white-yellowish powder with IC50 44.2 µg/mL. Based on spectroscopy analysis, the pure compound was identified as 3-(hydroxyl(3,4,5-trihydroxylphenyl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4,5,6-triol.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Syzygium samarangense L. and Their Endophytic Fungi

Molekul ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budiono Budiono ◽  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Muharni Muharni ◽  
Heni Yohandini ◽  
Hary Widjajanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Isolated Compound

Leaves of jambu air (Syzygium samarangense L.) has been used by local residents as medicine for various diseases caused by free radical agents in human’s body. This study aims to find a new source of antioxidants from medicinal plants and their endophytic fungi Syzygium samarangense leaves was fractionated by maceration method using gradient solvent i.e.  n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antioxidant activity of the leaf fractions was determined using 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. The chemical compound was isolated from active fraction by chromatographic techniques and their chemical structure was identified using spectroscopy techniques.  The endophytic fungi was isolated from S. samarangense leaves and continued to cultivation in potato-dextrose broth (PDB) medium for four weeks. The medium was extracted using ethyl acetate and determined its antioxidant activity. Fungi’s isolate with highest activity was analyzed to identify its molecular. Ethyl acetate fraction of S. samarangense leaves showed highest antioxidant activity. Spectroscopy analysis result concluded the isolated compound is 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl flavanone. Four endophytic fungi had been isolated form S. samarangense leaves. Antioxidant activity test showed that ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi BJA-1 has the highest value. Molecular identification of BJA-1 shows high homology with Lasiodiplodia venezuelensis strain CBS 129753.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities From Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Curry Leaf Using DPPH Method

Elkawnie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulil Amna ◽  
Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah ◽  
Furqan Nur Ihsan ◽  
Puji Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract: Curry Plant (Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng) is one of the plants that thrive in Indonesia. Curry contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids and flavonoids that have the potential as antioxidants. Antioxidants can reduce the activity of free radicals that can cause degenerative diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease, and premature ageing of body cells by donating the protons to free radical compounds. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and identify the active compound class of ethyl acetate fraction from curry leaves. Separation of secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate extracts was carried out by column chromatography method, which obtained 5 different fractions. The antioxidant activity of fractions A, B, C, D, and E was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method with variations concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm, and ascorbic acid was used as a comparison which measured at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that fractions A and E have weak antioxidant activities, while fractions B, C, and D showed moderate antioxidant activities. The highest antioxidant activity was found in fraction B with an IC50 value of 341.38 ppm, where the fraction showed the presence of secondary metabolites of alkaloids and terpenoids.Abstrak: Tanaman kari ((Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang tersebar di Indonesia. Kari mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid dan flavonoid yang memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Antioksidan dapat mengurangi aktivitas radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit degeneratif seperti kanker, penyakit jantung coroner dan penuaan sel dengan cara menyumbangkan proton pada senyawa radikal bebas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dan mengidentifikasi kelas senyawa aktif fraksi etil asetat dari daun kari. Pemisahan metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak etil asetat dilakukan menggunakan metode kromatografi kolom dengan menghasilkan 5 fraksi yang berbeda. Aktivitas antioksidan dari fraksi A, B, C ,D ,dan E dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-pikrilhydrazil) dengan variasi konsentrasi 25, 50, 100, 200, dan 400 ppm dan asam askorbat digunakan sebagai perbandingan yang diukur pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi A dan E memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah, sedangkan fraksi B, C, dan D menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan sedang. Aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi ditemukan pada fraksi B dengan IC50 341,38 ppm. Fraksi tersebut menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid dan terpenoid. 

scholarly journals Isolation and evaluation of the antioxidant actity of phenolic constituents of the Garcinia sizygiifolia

Molekul ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Muharni Muharni ◽  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Didi Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Isolated Compound

Garcinia sizygiifolia  is  a native plant to the South Sulawesi region popularly known as sula and has been cultivated in several regions in Indonesia.  The plant by local community use as a food and source of wood, but has not found information on chemical content and biological activity.  Therefore, this study was carried out to Isolation and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the phenolic constituent of the G. sizygiifolia.  A 30.0 g portion of ethyl acetate extract of the stembark G. sizygiifolia were separated by column chromatography method using silica G 60 F254 (230-400 mesh), eluted gradient polarity mixtures of n-hexane-ethyl acetate were collected and sorted into fractions. Fraction  F 1 (5.2 g) were separated and purified again by chromatography method until pure compound obtained. The structure of the isolated compound was determined using UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. The isolated  pure compound was a yellow solid with melting point 148-149 oC. Base on spectroscopy data and by comparison with data from the literature, isolated compound is a known compound 2,4-dihydroxyphenylethanone. The compound exhibited antioxidant activity with IC50 96 µg/mL against DPPH.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana) in Nepal

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhurva Prasad Gauchan ◽  
Pratistha Kandel ◽  
Astha Tuladhar ◽  
Ashesh Acharya ◽  
Upendra Kadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Fungal Extracts ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Background: Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study, Taxus wallichiana, which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Methods: The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts. Results: Out of 16 different Taxus trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were isolated and grouped into 9 different genera: Bjerkandera, Trichoderma, Preussia, Botrytis, Arthrinium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sporormiella and Daldinia. The ethyl acetate extracts isolated from three endophytic fungi: Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria brassicae showed significant TPC values of 204±6.144, 312.3±2.147 and 152.7±4.958µg GAE/mg of dry extract, respectively, and TFC values of 177.9±2.911, 644.1±4.202 and 96.38±3.851µg RE/mg of dry extract, respectively. Furthermore, these three extracts showed a dose dependent radical scavenging activity with IC50 concentration of 22.85, 22.15 and 23.001 µg/ml, respectively. The extracts of C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae also showed promising antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250μg/ml for all bacteria. Both the samples showed cytotoxic property against shrimp nauplii with LC50 of 104.2 and 125.9µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes: A. alternata, C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.

scholarly journals GCMS ANALYSIS OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI CURVULARIA AERIA MTCC-12847 ISOLATED FROM TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Kamana Sahani ◽  
DEEPENDRA THAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to perform the Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of endophytic fungi Curvularia aeria MTCC-12847 isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. to find out the active compound present in the extract. Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant Tribulus Terrestris L., leaf which was cultivated in optimized media for the production of secondary metabolites and was extracted using ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was used for the Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Results: GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites, the highest amount present was Palmitic acid (24.54%) and Lowest was Dimethyl 1-phenyl-7-methyl-1-hydroxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate (5.76%). Conclusion: The endophytic fungal Curvularia aeria MTCC-12847 extract isolated from the Tribulus terrestris L. shows the presence of various bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of Extraction Methods on Antioxidant Activity of Papery Skin Extracts and Fractions of Maja Cipanas Onion (Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nyi M. Saptarini ◽  
Yulia Wardati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Soxhlet Method

Extraction can be carried out at ambient temperature or high temperature to accelerate the extraction process of secondary metabolites from simplicia. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of extraction methods on antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites of papery skin extracts and fractions of Maja Cipanas onion (Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum). Extraction methods were maceration, percolation, reflux, and Soxhlet method, and then, concentrated extracts were fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction based on the polarity of secondary metabolites. Antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The phytochemical screening showed that onion papery skin contained alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The IC50 value of the extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of the four extraction methods in the concentration range 25–400  μg/mL were in the range of 55.62–107.08, 31.31–84.06, and 126.05–139.82  μg/mL, respectively, while the IAA value was in the ranges of 0.25–0.49, 0.32–0.86, and 0.19–0.21, respectively. Variation in IC50 and IAA values indicate that the extraction method affects antioxidant activity, due to extracted secondary metabolites from simplicia. The highest antioxidant activity was an ethyl acetate fraction by the reflux method, while the lowest was water fraction by the percolation method.

Antibacterial Activity of Traditional Medicine Scurrula atropurpurea (BL) DANS and their Endophytic Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Muharni Muharni ◽  
Mardiyanto Mardiyanto ◽  
Fitrya Fitrya ◽  
Feti Fera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Antibacterial Compound ◽  
Promising Source

Scurrula atropurpurea known as benalu is a medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of various diseases such as antibacterial. Plants with ethnomedicine history use to cure pathogenic bacterial infections and their endophytic fungi is a promising source of antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to compared the antibacterial activity of S. atropurpurea leaves and their endophytic fungi. The secondary metabolites were isolated from the leaves of S. atropurpurea and their endophytic fungi by the chromatography method. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by Kirby Bauer method against Salmonella typhi (IPCCCB.11.669) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) as Gram (-) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) as Gram (+). The antibacterial compound from S. atropurpurea was determined by spectroscopy analysis as Quercetin-3-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside, while the antibacterial compound from endophytic fungi (strain BB1) as a lactone. Phylogenetic tree of strain BB1 has the highest homology with Neopestalotiopsis surinamensis strain CBS 450.74.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Water, Ethyl Acetate and Hexane Fractions from the Mangrove Young Leaves Sonneratia alba

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Verly Dotulong ◽  
Djuhria Wonggo ◽  
Lita A. D. Y. Montolalu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Young Leaves

The fractions from young leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba was studied for its associated secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities. The objective of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite components and antioxidant activity of water, ethyl acetate, and hexane fractions of the young leaves of mangrove S. alba. The fraction was obtained from dry powder of young leaf S.alba using continuous fractionation of crude extracts. The crude extract was attained by 2 extraction methods (soxhlet and maceration) and 2 extraction solvents (methanol and ethanol). Secondary metabolites analyses were qualitatively conducted to detect the presence or absence of phenols, flavonoid, tannin, steroid, triterpenoid and alkaloid. Total phenols were measured using Folin Ciocalteau reagents and gallic acid standard curves whereas antioxidant activity were analyzed using DPPH method (1- 1-diphenil-2-picrihydrasil). Results showed that all fractions contained secondary metabolite components tested. The highest rendement was found in the water fraction fromsoxhletation extract with methanol (6.36±0.29%). The total phenol values were found the highest in the ethylacetatefraction from macerated extract with ethanol (352±9.77 mgGAE/g). Stronger antioxidant activity was also found in ethylacetate  fraction as indicated by the small value of IC50 DPPH namely the ethylacetate fraction with soxhletation extract with ethanol  (3.43±0.25 µg / mL). The results of this study indicate that the semipolar fraction (ethylacetate fraction) has more potential as a source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Dari Buah Senduduk Bulu (Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Haiyul Fadhli ◽  
Ihsan Ikhtiarudin ◽  
Putri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
White Crystal ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Nmr Spectrum ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography

A study on isolation and antioxidant activity of secondary metabolit of methanol extract of fruit of Senduduk Bulu (Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don) has been carried out. Senduduk bulu is used for folk medicine to many diseases. Flavonoid and phenolic has been reported to its activity as antioxidant. The aim of this research was to find antioxidant compound and antioxidant activity of this fruit. Isolation works were conducted using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography and Column Chromatography method. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH free radical scavenging methods. The isolation works afforded 10 mg of pure compound CHP1 which was obtained as white crystal, with its melting point of 165–167ºC, soluble in chloroform and slightly soluble in methanol. This compound gave positive reaction with Liebermann-Burchard (LB) reagent and concluded as terpenoid. Based on it UV spectrum, this compound showed a λ max of 316 nm. Its FT-IR spectrum showed appearence of some functional groups of OH, C-H aliphatic, C=O ester,C=C alkene, CH bending and C-O. The 1H-NMR spectrum showed the alkene protons and methyl protons which is a characteristic of terpenoid compounds. The pure compound (CHP1) provided a weak antioxidant activity with the IC50  of 327,01µg/mL.

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