scholarly journals Clinico-pathological study of 273 cases of rhinosporidiosis over a period of ten years in a tertiary care institute catering predominantly rural population of tribal origin

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sengupta ◽  
Subrata Pal ◽  
Biplab Kr Biswas ◽  
Sritanu Jana ◽  
Sudhanya Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Detailed Clinical History ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mass Lesions

Introduction: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an organism whose taxonomy is still debated. The present study was aimed to document the clinico-pathological presentation of rhinosporidiosis in different parts in reference to caste, age and gender. Evaluation of diagnostic role of cytology in the diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis was also explored.Materials and Methods: All histology confirmed rhinosporidial cases were included in the study. Detailed clinical history and examination findings including previous hematological and cytological reports, if available, were collected and tabulated. Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Mucicarmine stains were used over cyto- and histological slides, if necessary.Observations: Male cases were more frequent in these series though this sex difference is less pronounced among tribal population. Majority of the cases belonged to 21-40 years age group. Nose and nasopharynx was the commonest site of infection and polypoid mass lesions were the commonest presentation. Both scrape and aspiration cytology could successfully detect rhinosporidiosis in 100% cases.Discussion: Most of the cases are among poor-socioeconomic status and probably out-door activities and pond bathing habit. Haematological data correlation did not revealed any significant association. Histology is the preferred method for confirmed diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis. Rare cases of misdiagnosis can be avoided by use of special stains.Conclusion: Rhinosporidiosis commonly presents as polypoidal lesions in nose and extra-nasal sites. Histopathology is the standard method for confirmation of diagnosis. Cytology can be used as an adjunct for pre-operative diagnosis of extra-nasal rhinosporidiosis. We recommended use of special stains for diagnosis of difficult cases.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(2) 2015 p.159-164

scholarly journals Clinical spectrum of facial hypermelanosis: a descriptive study from a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Mohammed Thoyyib ◽  
Roshni Menon ◽  
Brinda G. David
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Face ◽  
Detailed Clinical History

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Facial melanosis (FM) which refers to brown, black or blue pigmentation over the face is a common cosmetic concern in Indian patients. This increased incidence could be due to remarkable diversity of Indian ethinic population. Pigmentary disorders of the face are a great cosmetic and psychological concern for the patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an extensive descriptive clinico epidemiological study comprising of 1024 patients, conducted at Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, for a period of one and a half years. A detailed clinical history and examination was done, and all the clinical photographs and data were recorded. Necessary investigations like skin biopsy and patch testing was done wherever required.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The maximum number of patients belong to the age group of 21-35 years with a female predominance (67.2%). Among patients of FM, post inflammatory pigmentation (35.3%) was the most common comprising of 362 patients, followed by melasma (17.2%), periorbital melanosis (15.7%), seborrheic melanosis (7.5%) followed by other causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> FM is common in Indian skin, several of which have overlapping features, and some have defined clinical classification. Additionally, climatic conditions, cosmetic usage and social parameters predispose to the increased incidence of FM.</p>

scholarly journals Activation and activity of glycosylated KLKs 3, 4 and 11

2018 ◽  
Vol 399 (9) ◽  
pp. 1009-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Guo ◽  
Peter Briza ◽  
Viktor Magdolen ◽  
Hans Brandstetter ◽  
Peter Goettig
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Function ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Secretory Expression ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Schiff Reaction

Abstract Human kallikrein-related peptidases 3, 4, 11, and KLK2, the activator of KLK3/PSA, belong to the prostatic group of the KLKs, whose major physiological function is semen liquefaction during the fertilization process. Notably, these KLKs are upregulated in prostate cancer and are used as clinical biomarkers or have been proposed as therapeutic targets. However, this potential awaits a detailed characterization of these proteases. In order to study glycosylated prostatic KLKs resembling the natural proteases, we used Leishmania (LEXSY) and HEK293 cells for secretory expression. Both systems allowed the subsequent purification of soluble pro-KLK zymogens with correct propeptides and of the mature forms. Periodic acid-Schiff reaction, enzymatic deglycosylation assays, and mass spectrometry confirmed the glycosylation of these KLKs. Activation of glycosylated pro-KLKs 4 and 11 turned out to be most efficient by glycosylated KLK2 and KLK4, respectively. By comparing the glycosylated prostatic KLKs with their non-glycosylated counterparts from Escherichia coli, it was observed that the N-glycans stabilize the KLK proteases and change their activation profiles and their enzymatic activity to some extent. The functional role of glycosylation in prostate-specific KLKs could pave the way to a deeper understanding of their biology and to medical applications.

scholarly journals A study on maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy with oligohydramnios: study from a tertiary care hospital, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1676
Author(s):  
Shilpa Nabapure ◽  
Rashmi P. S. ◽  
Prema Prabhudeva
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Doppler Study ◽  
Detailed Clinical History ◽  
Four Quadrant

Background: Oligohydramnios is described as a condition with decreased amniotic fluid volume relative to gestational age. It is a severe and common complication of pregnancy which is associated with increased maternal morbidity and adverse perinatal outcomes. This study was conducted to find out the significance of oligohydramnios in determining the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with oligohydramnios.Methods: The present study is a hospital-based study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, of SSIMS and RC Davanagere, during the period between August 2018 to April 2019. Detailed clinical history was taken, AFI was measured using Phelan’s four quadrant ultrasound technique. All the information was entered in the proforma and analyzed.Results: The mean age group of the study participants was 26.36±4.46 years. Majority (51.9%) of them were primigravida. Gestational age, birth weight and abnormal Doppler study were found to have an association with the perinatal outcome. Perinatal mortality in the present study was 4%.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is a frequent occurrence in obstetrics and this condition requires intensive surveillance and proper antenatal care.

scholarly journals Barrett’s Esophagus and Cardiac Intestinal Metaplasia: Two Conditions within the Same Spectrum

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole White ◽  
Manal Gabril ◽  
Gershon Ejeckam ◽  
Maria Mathews ◽  
John Fardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

BACKGROUND: Immunostaining for cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) has a characteristic pattern in Barrett’s esophagus (BE), but reports regarding its sensitivity and specificity are inconsistent. Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric cardia (CIM) is histologically similar to BE, but with no abnormal endoscopic findings.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a semi-quantitative CK7/CK20 immunostaining pattern for the diagnosis of BE, and to further elucidate the pathogenesis of CIM.METHODS: Tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid schiff/alcian blue stains, and then were immunostained with CK7 and CK20 antibodies. Correlations with other clinical parameters were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: When values were revised based on follow-up data and auxiliary testing, all BE cases (100%) displayed the characteristic BE CK7/CK20 immunostaining pattern, compared with 66% of CIM cases. In the subgroup of patients who were endoscopically and immunohistochemistry-positive but histologically negative, all patients except for one had documented BE when clinical history, auxiliary testing and follow-up were evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences between BE and CIM regardingHelicobacter pyloriinfection or the type of metaplasia (complete versus incomplete). The sensitivity of the CK7/CK20 pattern reached 100% in the subgroup of CIM patients with a history of acid reflux. Of 26 cases of CIM where follow-up was available, four cases (15%) progressed to BE, and one developed dysplasia. All four cases showed the BE pattern of CK7/CK20 staining and were negative forH pyloriinfection.CONCLUSIONS: A semiquantitative CK7/CK20 pattern can be used to confirm BE even in the absence of histological evidence. The subgroup of CIM with acid reflux may develop into BE and may need closer follow-up.

Clarithromycin inhibits overproduction of muc5ac core protein in murine model of diffuse panbronchiolitis

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (4) ◽  
pp. L847-L853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Kaneko ◽  
Katsunori Yanagihara ◽  
Masafumi Seki ◽  
Misuzu Kuroki ◽  
Yoshitsugu Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Protein ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Diffuse Panbronchiolitis ◽  
Mucin Production ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Long-term treatment of macrolide antibiotics is considered an effective treatment for diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). Although hypersecretion is a common feature of this disease, and it is known that macrolides inhibit mucin production, the mechanism of the effect on mucin production is unclear. The aim of our study was to determine the production of muc5ac core protein, a major core protein of mucin in airway secretion, and the effect of clarithromycin treatment on such production in a mouse model mimicking DPB. Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff-positive cells were detected in the lungs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected mice. Western blots of these mice showed muc5ac glycoprotein at day 1 and increased progressively from day 4 to day 14 after inoculation of bacteria. Clarithromycin (10 mg · kg-1· day-1for 7 days) significantly reduced the muc5ac expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. To investigate the role of molecules upstream in muc5ac regulation, we examined the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation increased in the infected lung and decreased after treatment. Our results suggest that overproduction of muc5ac plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DPB and that clinical improvement following macrolide therapy seems to involve, at least in part, its inhibition of mucin overproduction, through modulation of intracellular signal transduction.

scholarly journals Etiology and clinical spectrum of acute undifferentiated fever illness in patients in a tertiary care hospital Sheri Kashmir institute of medical science Soura, Jammu and Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Sheenam Gazala ◽  
Mohmad Saleem Chesti ◽  
Syed Mushfiq
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
And Gender

Background: Current study aimed at s to delineate the etiology and clinical parameters associated with AUFI presenting to emergency department in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a prospective hospital based study carried out at emergency medicine, SKIMS hospital, Soura Kashmir, India July 2017 to august 2018. Patients with acute undifferentiated fever were enrolled. Descriptive statistics were calculated in terms of mean±SD for continuous variables like age of the patients and duration of fever, Frequency and percentage were used to analyse categorical variables such as causes of fever and gender, while as descriptive analysis was calculated in terms of mean±SD for continuous variables like age of the patients and duration of fever.Results: Total numbers of patients included were 174, among these 112 (64.3%) were males and 62 (35.6%) were females. Most patients were diagnosed enteric fever (N=59, 33.9%) followed by UTI (N=25, 14.3%) dengue (N=12, 6.8%) and malaria (N=8, 4.5%) while rest of cases were associated with other viral illnesses (N=70, 40.5%) based on clinical basis and inconclusive laboratory results.Conclusions: Enteric fever was found to be the most common cause of acute undifferentiated fever followed by dengue and other viral illnesses, although causes and clinic spectrum of AUFI is varied.

scholarly journals Childhood cardiomyopathies: a study in tertiary care hospital of Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Abid Ahmad Shairgojri ◽  
Khalid Mohiuddin ◽  
Amber Bashir ◽  
Muzafar Jan
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Detailed Clinical History

Background: Cardiomyopathy constitutes a group of diseases that directly affect the structural or functional ability of myocardium. They are the most common form of heart diseases that are inherited in children and responsible for sudden deaths in healthy young adults. The Aim of our study was to provide a detailed description of clinical profile, epidemiology and etiology of cardiomyopathies in children.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study, conducted over a period of two and half years from September 2017 to March 2020 in the Post Graduate Department of Pediatrics Government Medical College Srinagar. Study group included all patients aged between 1 month and 18 years diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. They were subjected to a detailed clinical history and physical examination. All the patients underwent echocardiography.Results: During the study period 37 patients were diagnosed with different types of cardiomyopathies. Dilated cardiomyopathy was commonest seen in 19 (51.35%), followed by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 13 (35%) cases. Fast breathing was most common presenting complaint in dilated cardiomyopathy while most of cases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were asymptomatic. There was one case of distinct form of cardiomyopathy isolated left ventricular hypoplasia. Males were more involved 21 (56.76%) cases. Majority of patients 18 (48.64%) were less than one year at time of diagnosis. Parental consanguity was seen in 6 (16.22%) cases. Underlying cause was identified in 10 (27.02%) cases with myocarditis being the commonest cause.Conclusions: Pediatric cardiomyopathy represents a considerable percentage of children with cardiac disorders. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type usually presented with congestive heart failure, majority of cases of hypertrophic CMP were asymptomatic. Male preponderance was seen in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Parental consanguinity was seen in significant number of patients. Myocarditis and inborn error of metabolism was seen in significant number of patients.

scholarly journals CD8+CD103+ iTregs inhibit the progression of lupus nephritis by attenuating glomerular endothelial cell injury

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2039-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijuan Deng ◽  
Minwen Xu ◽  
Qiaoyun Meng ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Xiaonan Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Glomerular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

Abstract Objectives We previously reported that ex vivo TGF-β and IL-2–induced CD8+CD103+ regulatory T cells (CD8+CD103+ iTregs) displayed similar immunosuppressive effect and therapeutic function on lupus mice nephritis to that of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs. In view of the important role of glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) injury in inflammatory processes in SLE, this study aimed to investigate the nature and mechanism of CD8+CD103+ iTregs–mediated amelioration of LN by attenuating GEC injury. Methods Treg cells from patients with SLE and from healthy controls were characterized by flow cytometry analysis. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and VEGF were analysed in healthy controls, patients with SLE and MRL/lpr mice by ELISA, western blot, and real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Typical lesions of diffuse proliferative LN were observed in MRL/lpr mice through the use of haematoxylin and eosin, Masson, periodic acid–Schiff, periodic acid–Schiff methenamine, transmission electron microscopy and IF microscopy. Angiogenesis was analysed in GECs by cell investigating proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Results The results revealed that the frequency of Treg cells was inversely correlated with the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in patients with SLE. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of CD8+CD103+ iTregs to MRL/lpr mice was associated with decreased levels of autoantibodies and proteinuria, reduced renal pathological lesions, and lowered renal deposition of IgG/C3. We further found that CD8+CD103+ iTregs not only suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators but also attenuated GEC injury by promoting angiogenesis. Conclusion Our study has identified the role of CD8+CD103+ iTregs on attenuating GEC injury and provided a possible application of this new iTregs subset in lupus nephritis and other autoimmune diseases.

Allergic Mucin With and Without Fungus

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1447
Author(s):  
Jonathan F. Lara ◽  
J. Daniel Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Care Institution ◽  
Tertiary Care Institution ◽  
Allergic Mucin ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Context.—Allergic mucin, a lamellated collection of inspissated inflammatory debris, has been a hallmark of allergic fungal sinusitis. While its identification is a clue for pathologists to search for fungi, and directs clinicians toward specific therapy and follow-up, recent reports describe cases with allergic mucin but without concomitant fungus. The absence of such organisms in otherwise typical allergic mucin brings into question the role of fungi in allergic fungal sinusitis. Objectives.—To study clinical and pathologic differences between patients with allergic mucin in surgical nasal resection specimens and to elucidate the role of fungus in allergic sinusitis. Design.—Patients with histologic evidence of allergic mucin, with and without fungus, were identified and retrieved from the surgical pathology files of a tertiary-care institution. The patients were separated into 2 groups for analysis, and their clinical and pathologic findings were reviewed and compared. Setting.—Tertiary-care institution. Patients.—All patients who underwent sinus mucosal resection between 1992 and 1998. Results.—Clinical presentation and radiographic findings were similar in both groups. Incidence, age, and gender distribution were similar to data reported previously. However, the amount of allergic mucin was much greater in the group with fungus than in the group without fungus, which to our knowledge is an unreported observation to date. Conclusion.—The presence of allergic mucin is not unique to allergic fungal sinusitis, but rather is the result of a process that could have other etiologies. While perhaps not always causative to the disease, the fungus continues to fuel the process and is likely an entrapped bystander. Allergic fungal sinusitis is more appropriately termed allergic mucinous sinusitis or eosinophilic mucinous rhinosinusitis.

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