scholarly journals Distribution and diversity of mollusca at migratory bird visiting and non-visiting lakes of Jahngirnagar University, Savar

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Shakila Sharmin ◽  
Syed Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Niamul Naser
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Melanoides Tuberculata ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bellamya Bengalensis

This study was conducted to compare mollusc diversity in migratory bird visiting and non-visiting lakes of Jahangirnagar University campus, Savar, Bangladesh from July, 2016 to June, 2017. A total of 13 species belonging to 6 families under 2 classes of Mollusca were encountered. The class Gastropoda dominated the faunal composition (91%) with 11 species under 5 families and the class Bivalvia constituting (9%) with 2 species under single family. Among them Bellamya bengalensis, Lymnaea accuminata, Indoplnorbis exeutus, Gyraulus convexiusculus, Melanoides tuberculata and Lamellidens marginalis were the most dominating taxa. The highest number of molluscan taxa was from the family Viviparidae (3 spp.) 29% followed by Planorbidae (2 spp.) 27%, Lymnaedae (3 spp.) 23%, Unionidae (2 spp.) 9%, Thiaridae (1 sp.) 8% and lowest from Piladae (2 spp.) 4%. Seasonal variation showed maximum density in the summer and minimum in the monsoon. Correlation (p> 0.05) indicate that B. bengalensis, L. accuminata, I. exustus, L. marginalis had close dependency to soil pH, soil organic Carbon, Soil organic matter and sand particle whereas M. tuberculata and G. convexiusculus show significant positive correlation with silt and clay particle. Biodiversity indices indicating low species diversity and richness of molluscs in both migratory bird visiting and non-visiting lakes. These findings emphasized the importance of protection and management of molluscs fauna in the lakes for supporting the food for the migratory birds. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 355-366, 2019

scholarly journals Effect of Fermented Feed on the Microbial Population of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 3071-3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren� L. van Winsen ◽  
Bert A. P. Urlings ◽  
Len J. A. Lipman ◽  
Jos M. A. Snijders ◽  
David Keuzenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
The Family ◽  
Colon And Rectum

ABSTRACT An in vivo experiment was performed with pigs to study the inhibitory effect of fermented feed on the bacterial population of the gastrointestinal tract. Results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between pH and lactobacilli in the stomach contents of pigs in dry feed as well as in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the pH and the numbers of bacteria in the familyEnterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach of pigs fed dry feed was found. In the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed, a significant negative correlation was found between the concentration of the undissociated form of lactic acid and the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae. The numbers ofEnterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed fermented feed were significantly lower compared with the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed dry feed. The numbers of total lactobacilli were significantly higher in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed and in the ileum contents of one pig group fed fermented feed compared with the contents of pigs fed dry feed. However, the influence of lactobacilli on numbers of Enterobacteriaceae could not be demonstrated. It was concluded that fermented feed influences the bacterial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Using Bioacoustics to Examine Vocal Phenology of Neotropical Migratory Birds on a Wild and Scenic River in Arizona

Birds ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Heather L. Bateman ◽  
Sidney B. Riddle ◽  
Erin S. Cubley
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Yellow Warbler ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Vocal Activity

Passive acoustic recorders have been used successfully as automated survey tools to detect terrestrial wildlife. However, few studies have monitored Neotropical migratory bird use of riparian forest habitat using this technology. Within dryland ecosystems, the forests along rivers support high bird diversity. Many bird species of conservation concern require these floodplain forest habitats for foraging, migration stop-overs, and breeding. Few studies have explored the use of acoustic records in riverine systems designated for conservation for their natural resource value via the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act in the USA. Using acoustic recorders, we document vocal activity of four riparian-obligate species (Bell’s Vireo, Vireo bellii; Summer Tanager, Piranga rubra; Yellow Warbler, Setophaga petechial; and Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus) to determine species occurrence along a Wild and Scenic River. We established three study reaches along the perennial Lower Verde River, in the Sonoran Desert of central Arizona, USA. Nine acoustic recorders were used over the period of 80–120 days during the summer of 2018. We measured vegetation composition and structure in 100 m2 plots paired with acoustic recorders. Visualizing vocal activity showed that three species were calling and singing at each reach; whereas, one species, the cuckoo, had fewer recordings and occurred later in the summer. We demonstrate the utility of acoustic monitoring even when applied to rare birds in complex riparian habitats. This information is important for land management and conservation efforts concerning these species of interest and identifying important habitat features in Southwestern US riparian woodlands.

scholarly journals Hunting of migratory birds in North Sinai, Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
PERRI EASON ◽  
BASEM RABIA ◽  
OMAR ATTUM
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Mp3 Players ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Sand Bar ◽  
North Sinai ◽  
Desert Scrub

SummaryDuring autumn migration, people set trammel nets along most of the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, with migrating Common Quail Coturnix coturnix as their primary target. These nets capture large numbers of quail, but also illegally capture other birds, which are then killed. We present the results of surveys from 2008 to 2012 along these lines of nets on the coast of North Sinai, Egypt. In desert scrub, which covers most of the Sinai coast, the mean number of quail killed reached a high of 357.1 per km per day in 2012, with a grand mean over the study period of 191.9 per km per day. Trammel nets also captured 54 other bird species in 28 families. Species captured at the highest rates in desert scrub included Corncrake Crex crex, Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina and Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla. Based on mean rates of capture from 2008 to 2012 in desert scrub and sand bar habitats, we estimate 2.0 million quail and 0.5 million birds of other species are killed annually in North Sinai during the 45 days of peak migration. In 2012, however, after the use of MP3 players to attract quail became widespread, we estimate that 3.3 million quail and 0.5 million other birds were captured. Hunters near the coast have recently begun covering shrubs and trees with mist nets to catch passerines. From 2010 to 2012, mist nets along our survey routes caught birds of 17 species in three families, with seven of these species caught only in this type of net. Hunting is likely to be a contributing factor to population declines for some species that migrate across Egypt and further studies of migratory bird hunting along the southern Mediterranean shore are badly needed.

scholarly journals Rainfall-induced changes in food availability modify the spring departure programme of a migratory bird

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1723) ◽  
pp. 3437-3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin E. Studds ◽  
Peter P. Marra
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
American Redstarts ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Induced Changes

Climatic warming has intensified selection for earlier reproduction in many organisms, but potential constraints imposed by climate change outside the breeding period have received little attention. Migratory birds provide an ideal model for exploring such constraints because they face warming temperatures on temperate breeding grounds and declining rainfall on many tropical non-breeding areas. Here, we use longitudinal data on spring departure dates of American redstarts ( Setophaga ruticilla ) to show that annual variation in tropical rainfall and food resources are associated with marked change in the timing of spring departure of the same individuals among years. This finding challenges the idea that photoperiod alone regulates the onset of migration, providing evidence that intensifying drought in the tropical winter could hinder adaptive responses to climatic warming in the temperate zone.

Bilateral agreements for the protection of migratory birdlife: the implementation of the China-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (CAMBA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-159
Author(s):  
Evan Hamman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Chinese Law ◽  
Effective Conservation

Every year, millions of migratory birds journey along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). The scope of the EAAF encompasses Asia Pacific nations like Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia. The effective conservation of these birds rests upon the implementation of bilateral legal agreements as well as non-binding regional initiatives along this North-South nexus. This article evaluates the implementation of one of the most important bilateral bird agreements in the region – the China-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (CAMBA). The main obligations in CAMBA are identified; as are the legal initiatives adopted by both China and Australia which reflect CAMBA's obligations. Whilst Australian law makes specific reference to CAMBA, Chinese law is far less direct, though perhaps no less effective. The argument is made that the findings in this article have relevance for an improved understanding of the mechanisms for transboundary governance of migratory birdlife, especially in the Asia Pacific.

Saprobic Dothideomycetes in Thailand: Phaeoseptum hydei sp. nov., a new terrestrial ascomycete in Phaeoseptaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 449 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
DHANUSHKA N. WANASINGHE ◽  
PETER E. MORTIMER ◽  
CHANOKNED SENWANNA ◽  
RATCHADAWAN CHEEWANGKOON
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Vertical Septum ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

During a survey of saprobic microfungi in Thailand, a dothideomycetous fungus was found on a dead twig of Delonix regia, on the Chiang Mai University campus. This fungus is characterized by fully immersed ascomata under a small blackened pseudoclypeus, pseudoparenchymatous peridium, cellular pseudoparaphyses, cylindrical-clavate asci with a distinct pedicel, overlapping 3–4-seriate, pale to dark brown, broadly fusoid, 7–9-transversally septate ascospores with a vertical septum in nearly all median cells. Multigene phylogenetic analyses, using partial sequences from the 28S nrRNA gene (LSU), 18S nrRNA gene (SSU), internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) of the nrDNA operon and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha region (TEF) demonstrated a monophyletic affiliation of the new strain, accommodating the species of Phaeoseptum in the family Phaeoseptaceae. With further morphological and phylogenetic investigations, we justify the new fungus as a novel species, Phaeoseptum hydei in Phaeoseptaceae. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for Phaeoseptum hydei and this novel species compared with the remaining species found in the genus. An updated checklist of microfungi recorded on Delonix regia from around the world is also provided.

Two remarkable new species of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Acacia litter of Kerala, India

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4877 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-558
Author(s):  
A. ARUN ◽  
N. RAMANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Oribatid Mite Species

Two new oribatid mite species viz. Papillacarus (Vepracarus) acaciensis sp. nov. and Licneremaeus indicus sp. nov. belonging to the respective oribatid families, Lohmanniidae and Licneremaeidae are described and illustrated. Specimens of both species were collected from litter of Acacia auriculiformis Benth. (Leguminosae) growing in different localities of the Calicut University Campus, Malappuram Dt. of Kerala. The family Licneremaeidae is recorded for the first time from India. Identification keys to all known species of the nominative subgenus Vepracarus and the genus Licneremaeus are also provided.

scholarly journals Seasonal changes in the altitudinal distribution of nocturnally migrating birds during autumn migration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 150347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. La Sorte ◽  
Wesley M. Hochachka ◽  
Andrew Farnsworth ◽  
Daniel Sheldon ◽  
Benjamin M. Van Doren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Intermediate Distance ◽  
Migrating Birds

Wind plays a significant role in the flight altitudes selected by nocturnally migrating birds. At mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, atmospheric conditions are dictated by the polar-front jet stream, whose amplitude increases in the autumn. One consequence for migratory birds is that the region’s prevailing westerly winds become progressively stronger at higher migration altitudes. We expect this seasonality in wind speed to result in migrants occupying progressively lower flight altitudes, which we test using density estimates of nocturnal migrants at 100 m altitudinal intervals from 12 weather surveillance radar stations located in the northeastern USA. Contrary to our expectations, median migration altitudes deviated little across the season, and the variance was lower during the middle of the season and higher during the beginning and especially the end of the season. Early-season migrants included small- to intermediate-sized long-distance migrants in the orders Charadriiformes and Passeriformes, and late-season migrants included large-bodied and intermediate-distance migrants in the order Anseriformes. Therefore, seasonality in the composition of migratory species, and related variation in migration strategies and behaviours, resulted in a convex–concave bounded distribution of migration altitudes. Our results provide a basis for assessing the implications for migratory bird populations of changes in mid-latitude atmospheric conditions probably occurring under global climate change.

Virtuous CSR: an Islamic family business in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohar Yusof ◽  
Leilanie Mohd Nor ◽  
James Edward Hoopes
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
The Family ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to postulate, in addition to “moral” and “strategic” considerations, a third general standard for corporate social responsibility (CSR). That third approach is what moral philosophers call “virtue ethics.” Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a single organization case study of a Malaysian publisher to put forward the practice of virtuous CSR based on Islamic values and principles in a family business. Findings – By focussing on creating or maintaining virtuous habits in the family and the firm, the family business has avoided the equally unrealistic notions that CSR must be entirely selfless or entirely strategic to be legitimate. Virtues that foster a successful strategy such as vision and competence can be enhanced rather than hindered by virtues such as integrity and generosity. Research limitations/implications – This is a case study of a single family. Nevertheless, this paper has implications for strategy and CSR for non-family business as well because it brings into the discussion virtue ethics which is largely absent from popular ethical discourse in the West, including popular discourse about business ethics and CSR. Practical implications – While moral and strategic interests merit consideration, virtue is often the most important concern of all. Virtuous CSR aims to improve or at least preserve the character and the soul of the family and its enterprise. Originality/value – This paper shows that in family business moral freedom and CSR do not have to be purchased at the expense of an effective business strategy. Paradoxically, an effective business strategy may be partly non-strategic and partly non-business – i.e. partly focussed on virtue. Further research may show that family business can be a leader in CSR, teaching managerial techniques to non-family business.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Penderiaan Jauh atau Remote Sensing dalam Pemodelan Pengaruh Iklim terhadap Taburan Burung Hijrah Di Hutan Paya Laut Matang, Perak

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azimah Abd Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Alternative Habitat ◽  
The Future ◽  
Selection Of

Climate changes especially temperature and rainfall effect the habitat selection of bird migration in mangrove area to get some food and temporary stopover. The increase and decrease of temperature and rainfall is varies between upstream to downstream. This research was done to prove that temperature and rainfall are uneven in some area even in same boundary that can give impact in habitat selection of migratory birds. This research was concern around Matang Mangrove Forest, Perak that already familiar as focal area for migratory birds. Remote Sensing application was used in this research through use of ERDAS Imagine 8.5 which is based on pixels. This application helps to model the relationship between climate, namely temperature and rainfall with distribution density of migratory birds around the study area. Climate modeling was conducted to predict the distribution of migratory bird populations in the future due to changes in temperature and rainfall over a period of 5 years and 20 years. The results of this study showed a decrease in the population of migratory birds by 6.4% for a period of 5 years and a decrease to 7.5% for the last 20 years.  Sungai Sepetang and Sungai Selinsing shown that migratory bird populations decreased continuously after 20 years. However the Sangga Besar, Teluk Kertang, Temerlok, Pulau Pasir Hitam dan Sungai Tinggi area showed an increase in the arrival of migratory birds after 20 years.  This information analysis help the related agencies in manage and maintain the area around the Matang Mangrove Forest identified potential habitat for migratory birds in the future. In addition, through this study migratory bird monitoring can be carried out systematically on a wider scope without ignoring areas that strives to be the alternative habitat for migratory birds in the future.

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