scholarly journals Effects of Wet and Dry Intermittent Fasting on Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1053-1060
Author(s):  
Fariha Musharrat ◽  
Md Akheruzzaman ◽  
Jyosna Khanam ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Intermittent fasting (IF) has two broad types: wet (with water) and dry (without water) fasting. Studies suggest that both are effective for reducing weight and for promoting overall metabolic well-being; however, their relative efficacy is not yet established. The study was a 9-day cross-over clinical trial with the purpose to compare the effectiveness of wet and dry fasting. Adult overweight women (n = 18) from Dhaka, Bangladesh were recruited as subjects of this study. It included 3 days of wet IF and 3 days of dry IF (14 h fasting and 50% calorie restriction), with a 3-day washout period (ad libitum intake) in between. Both types of IF resulted in significant weight loss. The loss was significantly higher after 3 days of dry IF (−0.23 ± 0.02 kg; P < 0.05). Waist circumference and BMI were significantly reduced in both interventions (P <0.05) and diastolic pressure changed significantly after dry fasting (P <0.05). None of the biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenic coefficient, and fasting plasma glucose) changed significantly within or between interventions. The intervention compliance percentage was high for both, with no significant difference. The study findings suggest that both wet and dry IF were effective for weight loss but dry IF was more effective. The biochemical parameters did not change significantly in short term and so longer trials are needed. [Trial registration number: UMIN000041481] Bioresearch Commu. 8(1): 1053-1060, 2022 (January)

scholarly journals Physical Activity Advertisements That Feature Daily Well-Being Improve Autonomy and Body Image in Overweight Women but Not Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Segar ◽  
John A. Updegraff ◽  
Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher ◽  
Caroline R. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Framing Effects ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Anova Model

The reasons for exercising that are featured in health communications brand exercise and socialize individuals about why they should be physically active. Discovering which reasons for exercising are associated with high-quality motivation and behavioral regulation is essential to promoting physical activity and weight control that can be sustained over time. This study investigates whether framing physical activity in advertisements featuring distinct types of goals differentially influences body image and behavioral regulations based on self-determination theory among overweight and obese individuals. Using a three-arm randomized trial, overweight and obese women and men (aged 40–60 yr,n=1690) read one of three ads framing physical activity as a way to achieve (1) better health, (2) weight loss, or (3) daily well-being. Framing effects were estimated in an ANOVA model with pairwise comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. This study showed that there are immediate framing effects on physical activity behavioral regulations and body image from reading a one-page advertisement about physical activity and that gender and BMI moderate these effects. Framing physical activity as a way to enhance daily well-being positively influenced participants’ perceptions about the experience of being physically active and enhanced body image among overweight women, but not men. The experiment had less impact among the obese study participants compared to those who were overweight. These findings support a growing body of research suggesting that, compared to weight loss, framing physical activity for daily well-being is a better gain-frame message for overweight women in midlife.

scholarly journals Perspective: Time-Restricted Eating Compared with Caloric Restriction: Potential Facilitators and Barriers of Long-Term Weight Loss Maintenance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney G O'Connor ◽  
Patrick Boyd ◽  
Caitlin P Bailey ◽  
Marissa M Shams-White ◽  
Tanya Agurs-Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

ABSTRACT A growing body of literature examines the potential benefits of a time-based diet strategy referred to as time-restricted eating (TRE). TRE, a type of intermittent fasting, restricts the time of eating to a window of 4–12 h/d but allows ad libitum intake during eating windows. Although TRE diets do not overtly attempt to reduce energy intake, preliminary evidence from small studies suggests that TRE can lead to concomitant reduction in total energy, improvements in metabolic health, and weight loss. Unique features of the TRE diet strategy may facilitate adherence and long-term weight loss maintenance. In this Perspective, we explore the potential multilevel (i.e., biological, behavioral, psychosocial, environmental) facilitators and barriers of TRE for long-term weight loss maintenance in comparison with the more commonly used diet strategy, caloric restriction (CR). Compared with CR, TRE may facilitate weight loss maintenance by counteracting physiological adaptations to weight loss (biological), allowing for usual dietary preferences to be maintained (behavioral), preserving executive functioning (psychosocial), and enabling individuals to withstand situational pressures to overeat (environmental). However, TRE may also pose unique barriers to weight loss maintenance, particularly for individuals with poor baseline diet quality, internal or social pressures to eat outside selected windows (e.g., grazers), and competing demands that interfere with the scheduling of eating. Future studies of TRE in free-living individuals should consider the multiple levels of influence impacting long-term adherence and weight loss maintenance. Ultimately, TRE could be one strategy in a toolkit of tailored diet strategies to support metabolic health and weight loss maintenance.

scholarly journals Psychological well-being and personality in relation to weight loss following behavioral modification intervention in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Emma Oberg ◽  
Christina Lundell ◽  
Liselott Blomberg ◽  
Sebastian B Gidlöf ◽  
Petra Tollet Egnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Modification ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

Objective Little is known about how lifestyle affects psychological well-being in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We investigated the effects of behavioral modification on psychological well-being and the impact of well-being and personality traits on successful weight loss. Design A 4-month randomized controlled trial with a 12-month follow-up at a University Hospital. Methods Sixty-eight women with PCOS, aged 18 to 40 years with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2, were randomized (1:1) into a behavioral modification program (intervention) or minimal intervention (control). The outcome measures were the psychological well being index and the Swedish universities scales of personality. Results At baseline, 60% had a global psychological well being index corresponding to severe distress and 40% to moderate distress. There was no significant change in mean global well-being score at 4 months within or between groups. However, after 4 months, the intervention group expressed less anxiety (P = .035), higher general health (P = .012) and lower depressed mood (P = .033). Anxiety and general health tended to differ between groups (P = .06, respectively) favoring intervention. In the whole population, women achieving ≥5% weight loss at 12 months (n = 18) were less anxious at baseline compared to those who had not (P = .004). Personality trait-analysis showed that the weight-loss group had higher social desirability (P = .033) and lower embitterment (P = .023). Conclusions Psychological well-being is severely impacted in overweight women with PCOS. Behavioral modification can positively impact dimensions of well-being, although not fully significant, compared to control treatment. Personality factors could contribute to the understanding of successful weight loss.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Types of Intermittent Fasting (IF) on Weight Loss and Improvement of Diabetic Parameters in Human

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Nowosad ◽  
Monika Sujka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
High Risk Type ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting

Abstract Purpose of Review A number of recent studies have suggested that intermittent fasting is as effective as traditional calorie restriction (CR) for weight loss and for cardioprotection. However, it is still unclear whether IF improves diabetes risk indicators as does CR. This review provides an overview of various patterns of intermittent fasting and shows the effect of intermittent fasting on human anthropometric such as excess body weight and biochemical parameters for example high glucose and fasting insulin, which are risk factors for diabetes. Recent Findings There is a growing body of evidence pointing to the benefits of intermittent fasting for glucose and insulin homeostasis, but this should be confirmed by further studies in population groups with (or at high risk) type II diabetes and insulin resistance. Long-term studies are also needed that could reveal potential negative health effects that some studies report. Summary Eleven studies in overweight/obese adult people that included changes in weight, body composition, and diabetic parameters (fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c concentration, and HOMA-IR index) were published between 2012 and 2020. Seven studies concerning the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) on weight loss and diabetic parameters were analyzed. All of them have shown the effects of ADF on weight loss and slight improvement in diabetic parameters. For time-restricted feeding (TRF), a significant improvement in the HOMA-IR index was observed in 2 studies. One study saw an increase in fasting glucose. An analysis of 2 studies using a complete alternate day fasting (CADF) was performed. One study showed decrease in fasting glucose and insulin, and in one a decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was observed. Conclusion Different types of intermittent fasting reduce body weight and reduce diabetes parameters such as fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR index, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

scholarly journals Effect of 5 + 2 Intermittent Fasting Mode on Body Weight of Chinese Overweight/Obese Adults Under Meal Replacement Mode: A Randomized Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1619-1619
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xiaodong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Weight Loss Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ordinary Diet

Abstract Objectives 5 + 2 intermittent fasting is a safe and effective method for weight loss (eat normally for 5 days, and give 1/4 of the required calorie for the other 2 consecutive days in 1 week). However, because of the obvious hunger and poor energy control, it is difficult to implement the plan. This study hypothesis that based on the 5 + 2 intermittent fasting mode, replacing the ordinary diet with an equivalent energy meal replacement product can reduce the sense of hunger and improve the implementation capability by adjusting nutrition composition and ratio. Methods This study was a parallel randomized control design. A total of 100 participants were included, and they were randomly divided into meal replacement (MR) group and ordinary diet (OD) group according to the random number table method for a total of 12-week observation. At baseline, height, body weight (BW), grip strength (GS), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), laboratory-related indicators, and body composition (BC) were measured. Follow-up was performed at week 4, 8, and 12, and BW, GS, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), BP, HR, BC, hunger, satiety, and dietary satisfaction scores were measured. Laboratory indicators were retested at week 12. Physical exercise was not forced during observation. Results After 12 weeks, the MR group lost 5.1 ± 3.31 kg, and the average weight loss rate was 6.6%. It was significant difference to the baseline (P &lt; 0.0001). The OD group lost 4.89 ± 4.5 kg, and the average weight loss rate was 6.1% (P &lt; 0.0001). There was no significant difference in weight loss between two groups (P = 0.114). The reduction in BMI between two groups was increased with the observation time, and the difference between two groups gradually increased, but the difference was not significant at week 12 (P = 0.668). Compared to the baseline, differences in visceral fat area and body fat ratio between my two groups were significant (P &lt; 0.0001). There were no significant differences in HR, BP, GS, WC, HC, blood lipid and blood glucose, hunger, satiety, and dietary satisfaction scores between the two groups at each follow-up. Conclusions The effect of 5 + 2 intermittent fasting mode on weight loss was significant without physical exercise. Safety and efficacy of weight loss in MR group were equivalent to OD group, but meal replacement was more convenient for those who could not prepare their own meals. Funding Sources None.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

Finnish refugee children’s experiences of Swedish refugee camps during the Second World War

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Merja Paksuniemi
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Camp Life ◽  
Second World

This article seeks to demonstrate how Finnish refugee children experienced living in Swedish refugee camps during the Second World War (1939–1945). The study focuses on children’s opinions and experiences reflected through adulthood. The data were collected through retrospective interviews with six adults who experienced wartime as children in Finland and were evacuated to Sweden as refugees. Five of the interviewees were female and one of them was male. The study shows, it was of decisive importance to the refugee children’s well-being to have reliable adults around them during the evacuation and at the camps. The findings demonstrate that careful planning made a significant difference to the children´s adaptations to refugee camp life. The daily routines at the camp, such as regular meals, play time and camp school, reflected life at home and helped the children to continue their lives, even under challenging circumstances.

In-vivo anti-oxidant screening of Tectona grandis extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tamilarasi G P ◽  
Sabarees G
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Radical Generation

Oxidation is an essential reaction in the human body, which determines the expression of proteins in the body. This results in the altered expression like rapid growth resulting in cancers and other disorders. Many synthetic drugs are available in the market that is effective in limiting the free radical generation and the reaction of radicals with cells. Unfortunately, all those synthetic drugs were found to cause side effects and adverse effects in the body. But given the accuracy of the predictability of the results and administration, this research focuses on testing the anti-oxidant efficiency in rat models testing the biochemical parameters. Investigations have also been done on the anti-oxidant activity of Tectona, but every research was concentrated to prove the anti-oxidant activity only. extract had been tested for anti-oxidant activity by estimating various tissue parameters and it showed better activity. As predicted, there is a significant difference in the and results which can be explained are due to the physiological conditions that exist inside the body.

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