scholarly journals Antibiotic Dispensing Practice by Medicine Sellers in Dhaka City-A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Sayeda Nazrina ◽  
Md Sayedur Rahman ◽  
Rubiat Naznin
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Voice Recorder ◽  
Depth Interviews

Dispensing antibiotics without prescription is a potential source of inappropriate use. Improvement of antibiotic use is very important in developing countries like Bangladesh. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Dhaka city, Bangladesh among 100 purposively selected medicine shops to observe antibiotic dispensing practices of medicine sellers on request for the treatment of nonspecific Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI). Actual practice was assessed with simulated client visit (SCV) with 2 encounters in each medicine shops (a total of 200 encounters). Later self-stated practice was assessed through in-depth interviews with medicine sellers using a digital voice recorder. A total of 42 medicine sellers (42%) interviewed that they would have recommended antibiotics in response to a presentation of nonspecific URTI. In actual practice, antibiotics were dispensed in 108(54%) simulated visits. Total 5 drugs (tab ciprofloxacin, tab azithromycin, cap amoxicillin, cap cephradine, tab levofloxacin) was suggested by medicine sellers. Tab ciprofloxacin is the most preferable dispensed drug by medicine sellers in both actual and stated practices which were 73.15% (79/108 SCV) and 40.48 %( 17/42 medicine sellers) respectively. The most frequent question was "duration of disease" which was asked by medicine sellers in 76 %( 152/200) SCV. None of the medicine sellers asked about allergic history. Antibiotics were dispensed by medicine sellers in Dhaka city without prescriptions and appropriate indications. CBMJ 2020 January: Vol. 09 No. 01 P: 11-18

scholarly journals Challenges in antibiotics prescription in pediatrics: A national survey among Lebanese pediatricians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amale ISSA ◽  
Nadine SALEH ◽  
Mira HLEYHE ◽  
Rouba Karen ZEIDAN ◽  
Sara ASSAF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
National Campaigns ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Antibiotics are the most prescribed drugs especially in pediatrics and for Upper Respiratory tract Infections (URI). Physicians are facing many challenges in their practice regarding antibiotics prescription. The aim of this study, the first of its kind in Lebanon, is to evaluate attitudes and practices of Lebanese pediatricians towards antibiotics prescription with a special focus on URI in order to identify challenges facing physicians. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 among pediatricians registered in the Orders of Physicians. A 63-item questionnaire in English was sent by e-mail or by message to the mobile phone of all pediatricians with subsequent reminders. Data was collected from May 1st through July 2nd 2018. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. The analysis involved descriptive quantitative statistics (means and standard deviations, frequencies and percentages). Results From a total of 1213 physicians approached, 117 agreed to participate in the study giving a response rate of ~ 10%. A high proportion of Lebanese pediatricians replied correctly on avoiding antibiotics in cases of cough (86.3%), URI (74.4%), tympanic membrane dysfunction (64.1%) and prevention of secondary infection (63%). Eighty percent of physicians prescribed antibiotics for pharyngitis without requesting a throat culture. The majority of physicians admitted that antibiotic use is considerable in their community and that antibiotic resistance is a threat on the national and international level. Forty percent of pediatricians agreed and strongly agreed that giving advice to parents reduces their antibiotic demand. The same percentage disapproved that they might prescribe antibiotics in order to gain parents’ trust. Conclusion National campaigns are required to increase parents’ education and promote judicious antimicrobials use. Implementing national guidelines, ensuring continuing medical education for doctors and regulating over the counter sale of antibiotics are highly recommended.

scholarly journals Differences in antibiotic use and knowledge between adolescent and adult mothers in Ecuador

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Arturo Quizhpe P ◽  
Martyna Gassowski ◽  
Lorena Encalada T ◽  
Francoise Barten
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Treatment Knowledge ◽  
Basic Services

Objectives: To investigate the differences in antibiotic use and knowledge between adolescent and adult mothers of children under the age of 5 years in Ecuador.Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in four health centers and hospitals. Mothers of children under five years, seeking medical attention their child's upper respiratory tract infection (URI), were included. The data was collected through interviews, using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the topics knowledge of antibiotic treatment, risk and resistance. Results: 777 mothers were included in the study, of which 15.8% were adolescent and 84.1% adult mothers. There were significant differences in the social and economic characteristics of the mothers (p ≤ 0.05), with adolescent mothers being more likely to have an incomplete high school education and lack of basic services in their home. Significant differences between these groups were found in adherence to treatment, knowledge about risks associated with antibiotic use, and having heard of antibiotic resistance. Among the adult mothers, 83.5% reported correct adherence, 28.5% were knowledgeable about risks associated with antibiotic use, and 29.3% had heard of antibiotic resistance. Among the adolescent mothers, these numbers were 75.4%, 15.0%, and 19.8%, respectively.Conclusions: To develop successful interventions, it is crucial to understand the factors causing differences in antibiotic use and knowledge between mothers.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE REGARDING ANTIBIOTICS MISUSE AMONG THE PUBLIC IN SAUDI ARABIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: improper use of antibiotics lead to one of the serious problems of bacterial resistance. Aim: to assess the frequency of antibiotic use and to obtain information about antibiotic prescription, in two centers in Northern Lima, Peru. Methods: it is cross sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: 1961surveys were considered, Two thirds received antibiotics in the last year, to obtain these drugs, were prescribed by a physician, most of physicians agreed in the importance of inadequate use of antibiotics and 85.1%prescribed antibiotics more than once every day. Internet is a useful resource of information as suggested by physicians to develop educative programs about use of antibiotics. Conclusions: No enough knowledge about adequate use of antibiotics in the community, three quarters would go to hospital if they presented upper respiratory tract symptoms and half received an antibiotic prescription by the physician, if physicians prescribed antibiotics more than once every day, it leads to resistance. Keywords: Knowledge, attitudes, practices, antibiotics, resistance

scholarly journals Antibiotic use and knowledge in the community of Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Uzbekistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Belkina ◽  
Abdullah Al Warafi ◽  
Elhassan Hussein Eltom ◽  
Nigora Tadjieva ◽  
Ales Kubena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Inappropriate Use

Introduction: Inappropriate use of antibiotics has resulted in a dramatic increase of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. We examined knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antibiotic use in three Asian countries. Methodology: A nationwide cross-sectional study of teachers in large cities of Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Uzbekistan was conducted. A random sample of 1,200 teachers was selected in each country. Data were collected through a questionnaire-based survey and then analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistical methods. Results: The prevalence of non-prescription antibiotic use ranged from 48% in Saudi Arabia to 78% in Yemen and Uzbekistan. Pharmacies were the main source of non-prescribed antibiotics. The most common reasons for antibiotic use were cough (40%) and influenza (34%). Forty-nine percent of respondents discontinued antibiotics when they felt better. Although awareness of the dangers of antibiotic use correlated inversely with self-medication, understanding of the appropriate use of antibiotics was limited. Conclusions: The prevalence of antibiotic self-medication in the educated adult population in the studied countries was found to be alarmingly high. Effective strategies involving regulatory enforcement prohibiting sales of antibiotics without prescription should be implemented along with educational interventions for health professionals and the public.

scholarly journals Antibiotic practices among household members and their domestic animals within rural communities in Cumilla district, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Paul Hicks ◽  
Sophia M. Latham ◽  
Rumana Huque ◽  
Mahua Das ◽  
Jane Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global threat to human health, and inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans and animals is widely considered to be a key driver of antibiotic resistant infections. Antibiotic use in humans and animals is growing rapidly in low- and, particularly, middle-income countries. However, there is little detailed understanding about practices related to the use of antibiotics in humans and animals within community settings in such countries. Here we aimed to understand the antibiotic practices of rural households across Cumilla district, Bangladesh, in relation to household members and their domestic animals. Methods In 2018 we conducted a cross-sectional survey using representative cluster sampling methods. We collected self-reported information from 682 female and 620 male household heads, with women also asked about their children’s antibiotic practices. Results Only 48% (95% CI: 40, 56%) of women and men had heard of antibiotics, and among those women and men who were aware of antibiotics and the children of those women 70% (95% CI: 64, 76%) reported having previously taken antibiotics, while among these individuals who reported previously taking antibiotics 21% (95% CI: 18, 25%) said they had done so most recently within the last month. Risky/inappropriate antibiotic practices in humans and animals were often reported. For example, among women and men who were aware of antibiotics and the children of those women 52% (95% CI: 40, 63%) reported previously taking antibiotics for a “cough/cold”, despite antibiotics being typically inappropriate for use against viral upper respiratory tract infections. Among poultry-owning respondents who were aware of antibiotics 11% (95% CI: 8, 15%) reported previously giving healthy poultry antibiotics, mainly for growth/prophylaxis, while among cattle-owning respondents who were aware of antibiotics and reported previously giving their cattle feed 20% (95% CI: 9, 37%) said the feed had contained antibiotics at least sometimes. Conclusions Our results highlight the need for context-adapted interventions at both the community level and the health systems level to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use among humans and domestic animals in rural Bangladesh. Successfully reducing inappropriate use of antibiotics among humans and animals is a required and critical step in tackling antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals The knowledge, practice, and attitude regarding antibiotic use among attendants of primary health care centres: a cross-sectional study in Qatar

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 3969
Author(s):  
Ameera Mohamedhayder J. B. Alkhuzaei ◽  
Rasha ElSayed Salama ◽  
Izz Eldin Eljak ◽  
Mohamad Abdul Halim Chehab ◽  
Nagah Abdel Aziz Selim
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Practice

Background: The inappropriate use of antibiotics is a significant global health problem as it is contributing to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotic use among patients attending primary health care (PHC) centres in Qatar. Methods: 722 adult patients from the primary health care centres were recruited and a self-administered questionnaire was employed. Results: Regarding the knowledge, 69.9% of patients believed that completing the full course of antibiotics is a necessity. In addition, more than half of the interviewees believed that antibiotics are necessary to treat a sore throat or an ear infection. Interestingly, regarding the practice, more than half (54.4%) of the interviewed patients often requested antibiotics as part of their treatment. Regarding the attitude, many patients (87.2%) pressured physicians to be given an antibiotic. Conclusions: This study revealed that patients often have inadequate knowledge about antibiotic use, which affects their attitude and practice. Thus, educating patients may reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and resistance in the community. 

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on public belief, knowledge and practice towards antibiotic use in the state of Perak, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 960-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shea Jiun Choo ◽  
Chee Tao Chang ◽  
Jason Choong Yin Lee ◽  
Valli Munisamy ◽  
Chin Khai Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Introduction: Inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to antimicrobial resistance, a major public health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to explore beliefs, knowledge, and practice on antibiotic use among general public. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted at 13 hospitals and 44 primary health clinics in Perak from May to July 2017. Adults above 18 years, literate, and had experience in antibiotics consumption were selected through sequential sampling method. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire which included the three study domains i.e. belief, knowledge and practice. The questionnaire was pilot on 30 subjects. Results: Out of 2850 distributed questionnaires, 2773 returned and 2632 were included for analysis. Mean age of the respondents was 39.7 ± 14.5 years old. Most respondents were female (58.6%), Malay (74.7%) and underwent upper secondary school (45.6%). Mean score were generated for each domain with belief: 5.87 ± 3.00 (total score: 12), knowledge: 15.82 ± 3.85 (total score: 24), practice: 6.91 ± 2.07 (total score: 12). In the belief domain, 63.2% of respondents believed that antibiotics would help them to recover faster. In the knowledge domain, 52.7% of respondents inappropriately thought that antibiotics could work on viral infections. In the practice domain, 70% of respondents expected doctors to prescribe antibiotics if suffered from symptoms. Conclusion: Majority of the respondents expect doctors to prescribe antibiotics for their illness, and most believes that antibiotics can speed up recovery of illness. Lack of awareness on antibiotic resistance was found to be a significant factor associated with inappropriate antibiotic use.

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