scholarly journals Streptomyces: isolation, optimization of culture conditions and extraction of secondary metabolites

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. Khattab ◽  
Eltahir H. Babiker ◽  
Humodi A. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Soil Sediments

The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Streptomyces from soil sediments as well as to optimize cultural growth conditions for maximum antibacterial productivity. A total of fifty soil sediments were collected from Red Sea, Sudan. The soil sediments were pretreated and cultivated on agar medium. Promising Streptomyces spp. were isolated by agar overlay method using indicator organisms. Optimization of chemical and physical culture conditions was carried out. The later was judged by assessment of antibacterial activity. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the secondary metabolite compounds. The separation of the active ingredients was performed using both thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results revealed nine strains of Streptomyces. Of them two (PS1 and PS28) isolates exhibited high activity against pathogenic bacteria. The optimum growth conditions were pH 7.5, temperature at 30°C, soyabean concentration 2.5 g/l, incubation period in 7 days, MgSO4.7H2O conc. 1g/l and K2HPO4 conc. 2.5g/l. TLC test showed three and two fragments from metabolites of PS1 and PS28 respectively, while the GC-MS analysis revealed eight and eleven compounds with antibacterial activity of PS1 and PS28 respectively. It is concluded that marine is promising source of secondary metabolites.Khattab et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, February 2016, 5(3): 27-32

scholarly journals Effects of Culture Conditions on the Antibacterial Activity of Streptomyces Spp. against Erwinia Spp. Causing Soft Rot Disease on Asparagus Officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1077-1086
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Trung ◽  
Nguyen Thi Van Anh ◽  
Tran Thi Dao ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Huyen ◽  
Pham Le Anh Minh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Rot Disease

Erwinia is a genus of Enterobacteriacea containing mostly pathogens, which cause soft rot disease in many ornamental plants and crops, including Asparagus officinalis. Chemical treatments to control Erwinia have lost their attractiveness because of the development of resistant strains and the negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, the study of biological controls of soft rot disease has gained great importance. There are several types of microorganisms that show activity against Erwinia spp. such as Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptomyces spp. Among them, Streptomyces spp. are found to be the most effective control agents. In this study, 64 isolates of Streptomyces were screened for their antibacterial activity against Erwinia spp. The results indicated that 18 isolates showed an antagonistic reaction against Erwinia spp. Among them, isolate D5.1 showed the highest inhibition activity. In addition, the morphological and antibacterial activities of isolate D5.1 grown in different conditions were also characterized. 

scholarly journals Exploring the Antibacterial Activity of Pestalotiopsis spp. under Different Culture Conditions and Their Chemical Diversity Using LC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Madelaine M. Aguilar-Pérez ◽  
Daniel Torres-Mendoza ◽  
Roger Vásquez ◽  
Nivia Rios ◽  
Luis Cubilla-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pestalotiopsis Microspora ◽  
High Level ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Tof Ms

As a result of the capability of fungi to respond to culture conditions, we aimed to explore and compare the antibacterial activity and chemical diversity of two endophytic fungi isolated from Hyptis dilatata and cultured under different conditions by the addition of chemical elicitors, changes in the pH, and different incubation temperatures. Seventeen extracts were obtained from both Pestalotiopsis mangiferae (man-1 to man-17) and Pestalotiopsis microspora (mic-1 to mic-17) and were tested against a panel of pathogenic bacteria. Seven extracts from P. mangiferae and four extracts from P. microspora showed antibacterial activity; while some of these extracts displayed a high-level of selectivity and a broad-spectrum of activity, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most inhibited microorganism and was selected to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC was determined for extracts man-6 (0.11 μg/mL) and mic-9 (0.56 μg/mL). Three active extracts obtained from P. mangiferae were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (LC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS) to explore the chemical diversity and the variations in the composition. This allows us to propose structures for some of the determined molecular formulas, including the previously reported mangiferaelactone (1), an antibacterial compound.

scholarly journals Modulation of antibacterial activity of actinomycetes by co-culture with pathogenic bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Uzzal Haque ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Microbial Competition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Assay

In this study, we investigated the effect of pathogenic bacteria on the production of antibiotics by actinomycetes. We used four strains of actinomycetes-ANAM-5, ANAM-39, AIAH-10 and ANTS-1, which were isolated from the soils of Sundrabans, Bangladesh. All the strains were cultured in absence or presence of either alive or heatkilled human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli). The antibacterial activity of cultured cell-free supernatant fluid was analyzed by disc diffusion assay against the inducer strains. Three out of the four marine actinomycetes tested showed enhanced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. ANAM-5 and AIAH-10 showed enhanced antibacterial activity when co-cultured with Staphylococcus aureus whereas ANAM-5 and ANAM-39 showed enhanced antibacterial activity when co-cultured with E. coli. The highest enhancement of antibacterial activity was exhibited by the strain ANAM-5 against Staphylococcus aureus (from 9 mm to 18 mm inhibition zone). The study has important ecological and biotechnological implications in case of microbial competition in the natural environment and may become helpful to discover novel classes of antibiotics with high specificity and huge production.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 61-65, 2015

scholarly journals Exploration of antibacterial metabolites producing marine bacteria from Sundarbans, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Mohammad Sayful Islam ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Marine Soil

To combat the increasing numbers of antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria new source of antibacterial agents are desperately needed. This study was aimed to discover new marine bacteria having antibacterial activity from marine soil samples of Sundarbans, Bangladesh. Using starch-casein-nitrate-agar medium thirty nine marine bacteria colonies were isolated as pure isolates from nine marine soil samples. Each of the isolates was preserved in both short term and long term basis. Based on the aerial and substrate mycelia color of the isolates they were grouped into five color series and were screened for their antibacterial activity against a series of test bacteria. Among thirty nine pure isolates twenty four isolates (61.5%) exhibited moderate to high activity against three grampositive and four gram-negative bacteria. This is due to the antibacterial metabolites secreted in the medium by most of the isolates. It suggested that Sundarbans may be an interesting, valuable and potential source for the exploration of novel marine bacteria with the potential to yield useful new antibacterial secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 53-60, 2015

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

Direct Detection of Enteropathogenic Bacteria in Estuarine Water Using Nucleic Acid Probes

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivor T. Knight ◽  
Jocelyne DiRuggiero ◽  
Rita R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Estuarine Water ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Enteropathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection

Direct detection and enumeration of pathogenic bacteria, rather than indicator organisms, in aquatic environments is desirable but hindered by the difficulties of culturing and identifying specific pathogens from these environments. We have developed a method for concentrating bacteria from water samples and extracting their DNA and RNA for use as targets for pathogen-specific gene probes. The method has been used to detect and enumerate Salmonella spp. in estuarine water samples. The probe binds Salmonella DNA quantitatively, making it possible to estimate relative amounts of target in each sample. Salmonella spp. were detected in samples which yielded no Salmonella spp. using culturing. Since the probe method does not require culturing the target organism, both culturable and non-culturable forms are detected. We have also used polymerase chain reaction to amplify a region of the enterotoxin gene in enterotoxigenic Escherichiacoli and Vibriocholerae (ltx and ctx, respectively). The amplified products are then identified with ctx and ltx probes, making specific, highly sensitive detection possible.

Biochemical Composition, Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Mulat ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Archana Pandita
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Agar Disc

Background: Medicinal plants have been used for treatments of various health ailments and the practices as a remedial back to thousands of years. Currently, plant-derived compounds used as alternative ways of treatment for multidrug-resistant pathogens. Objective: In the present study, various parts of six medical plants such as Solanum nigrum, Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, Mentha arvensis, Gloriosa superba, and Ocimum sanctum were extracted for obtaining biological active constituents. Methods: Soxhlet method of extraction was used for obtaining crude extracts. Agar disc diffusion and 96-well plate spectroscopic reading were used to detect the extract’s antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Results: The obtained extracts were tested for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties at 25 mg/mL concentrations. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed in O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) against Staphylococcus aureus (24.33±1.52 mm), S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) against Salmonella Typhimurium (12.6 ± 1.5 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.0 ±2.0 mm). Only TUCE exhibited antibacterial activity at least a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.781 mg/mL. Better antibiofilm activities were also exhibited by petroleum extracts of G. superba (KAPE) and S. nigrum (MAPE) against Escherichia coli, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Moreover, S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) and O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) were showed anti-swarming activity with a reduction of motility 56.3% against P. aeruginosa and 37.2% against S. aureus. MAAC also inhibits Las A activity (63.3% reduction) in P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Extracts of TUCE, MAAC, MAPE, and KAPE were exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. GCMS identified chemical constituents are responsible for being biologically active.

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